[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-588436-105":59,"doc-detail-588436-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","magnetic-field-mental-representations-of-14-15-years-old-students-research-framework","MAGNETIC FIELD MENTAL REPRESENTATIONS OF 14-15 YEARS OLD STUDENTS - Research Framework","","Study investigates how 14–15-year-old students mentally represent the magnetic field and compares these ideas with scientific views. Data were collected from 116 students using directive individual interviews. Findings show persistent difficulties in understanding both the nature and key properties of magnetic fields. Results align with prior research that documents children forming incompatible concepts before and during science instruction.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/magnetic-field-mental-representations-of-14-15-years-old-students-research-framework/588436/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/magnetic-field-mental-representations-of-14-15-years-old-students-research-framework/588436.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Putri","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What research question does the study focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study investigates how 14–15-year-old students mentally represent the magnetic field and how these representations relate to scientific concepts.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the empirical data collected?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Empirical data were collected from 116 students using directive individual interviews.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the results indicate about students’ understanding of magnetism?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The results indicate that children face difficulties in comprehending the nature and properties of the magnetic field.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},588436,1792732059,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},962085571259,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Volume 2, Number 2, 2009  \nMAGNETIC FIELD MENTAL REPRESENTATIONS OF 14-15 YEARS OLD STUDENTS  \nKonstantinos Ravanis, Panagiotis Pantidos, Evangelos Vitoratos  \nAbstract: Children’s mental representations about physical concepts and phenomena play a vital role in the learning process. This is confirmed by the data derived from relevant researches which demonstrate that the students formulate incompatible ideas compared with the scientific ones. In this research we investigate the representations of 14-15 years old students about the magnetic field. One hundred and sixteen students participated in the research and the directive individual interview was the technique that we used to collect the empirical data. The results indicate that the children face difficulties in the comprehension of the nature as of the properties of the magnetic field.  \nZusammenfassung: Die Geistesdarstellungen der Kinder bezüglich Begriffe und Phänomene, die mit der Umwelt zusammenhängen, spielen eine lebenswichtige Rolle im Lernprozess. Dies wird durch Daten bestätigt, die von relevanten Studien abgeleitet werden und aus denen hervorgeht, dass die Schüler bezüglich der Naturerscheinungen inkompatible Ideen formulieren, wenn sie mit den wissenschaftlichen verglichen werden. In dieser Studie werden die Geistesdarstellungen über das Magnetfeld bei Schülern im Alter von 14-15 Jahren erforscht. Einhundertsechzehn Schülern nahmen insgesamt an dieser Studie teil und durch gesteuerte Interviews von jedem einzelnen Teilnehmer wurden die empirischen Daten eingesammelt. Die Resultate zeigen an, dass die Kinder Schwierigkeiten im Erfassen der Natur sowie der speziellen Eigenschaften des Magnetfeldes haben.  \nKey words: magnetic field, representation, secondary education  \n1. The research framework  \nA great part of the research in Science Education concerns the study of different age children’s mental representations about the formation of concepts as well as their representations about phenomena of the physical world (Gilbert & Watts, 1983. Ravanis & Koliopoulos, 2007. Resta-Schweizer & WeilBarais, 2007. Ravanis, 2008) . This perspective, which consisted of the initial point for the constitution of this scientific field, changed the view about the evolution of teaching processes. Actually, the study on children’s ‘conceptual world’ brought to light the crucial role of mental representations which are shaped in children’s thought in a phase before teaching intervention, as well as subsequent to it. According to this prospect, quite a few researches study students’ representations as well as the effort to transform them into representations carrying aspects compatible with the specific descriptive and functional characteristics of scientific models. Both in the two directions, in the area of magnetism with which we deal with in this study, the relative researches are limited.  \nThe magnetic field reveals itself by following a range of interesting properties: forces that are exerted from a distance, attractive and repulsive forces, effects from electrophorous conductors, detection of earth’s magnetic field etc. The first attempt for studying the children’s thought concerning magnetism made by Piaget and Chollet (1973) who found out that children seven (7) years of age, by discovering the magnetic properties of a material, attribute the attraction to the internal property of “gluing”, and the repulsion to the “blowing”. Later, till ten (10) years of age approximately, children’s explanations turn to attractive or repulsive “forces” or “streams”. At the age of fourteen (14) the children attribute the magnetic properties either to the flow of “molecules” or of “small pieces” from magnets, either to forces propagated through “a sort of gravitation”, or “a sort of electricity”, through the “pressure of the  \nair”,“magnetic streams”,“a kind of lighting”,“rays” or “heat”, that is to say, concepts which come from the daily life or from the educational context in general (Va","cbCaifA6O09d6yre","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifA6O09d6yre","pdf",186213,"English","# The research framework","[{\"question\":\"What research question does the study focus on?\",\"answer\":\"The study investigates how 14–15-year-old students mentally represent the magnetic field and how these representations relate to scientific concepts.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the empirical data collected?\",\"answer\":\"Empirical data were collected from 116 students using directive individual interviews.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the results indicate about students’ understanding of magnetism?\",\"answer\":\"The results indicate that children face difficulties in comprehending the nature and properties of the magnetic field.\"}]","MAGNETIC FIELD MENTAL REPRESENTATIONS OF 14-15 YEARS OLD STUDENTS - Research Framework | PDF",1792065249]