[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-134131-en":3,"doc-seo-134131-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},134131,962084926284,"Aria Callaghan","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",2,"Literature","Magical Realism - A Trauma Bond","Magical realism is examined as a coping mechanism for post-colonial trauma through the comparative lens of collective experiences shaped by colonialism. The analysis frames trauma through categories of directly experienced, witnessed, and confronted events, then connects colonial binaries—colonizer versus colonized—to genre oppositions of “magic” and “realism.” Using One Hundred Years of Solitude and House of the Spirits, political upheaval and machismo are read as allegories for instability, grounded in historical violence in Colombia and Chile.","Magical Realism  \nA Trauma Bond  \nBy Brinda Ambal  \nThere are three widely accepted categories of traumatic events: directly experienced, witnessed, and confronted (Frazier) . The first two categories are firsthand. The third one, however, is a bit more removed. It rests on the knowledge that something occurred. On a wider scale, this type of trauma can be shared by a population. Collective trauma can refer to either singular events with wide emotional fallout or individual experiences shared by many across a population as a result of a shared attribute of said population (Updegraff) . Latin America was marked by both kinds of collective trauma in the time period of both Gabriel García-Márquez and Isabel Allende. As products of their time, García-Márquez and Allende both represent collective trauma through realism and resolve the trauma with magical influences. Allende, however, differs from García-Márquez in that she validates the individual experiences of those undergoing collective trauma and thus enables her magical realist literature to serve as a coping mechanism for members of that population.  \nThe trauma in both authors’ works stems from the impacts of colonialism on Latin America. While colonialism was not a direct lived experience of either author or their intended audience, the fallout from the colonization of their  \nhome countries resulted in widespread and deeply personal trauma. This idea is especially underscored by the parallel binarism both between the colonizers and the colonized and the terms “magic” and “realism.” Both pairs of ideas are defined, in this context, as being opposites of each other. This satisfies a construct articulated by Ferdinand Saussure: binary opposition. In his Cours de Linguistique Générale, Saussure argues that when two objects or ideas satisfy this binary opposition, interpretable aspects of each of them inherently thus imply something about the other (Gordon 79) . One could extend this definition to argue that for two constructs to be a Hegelian dialectic, they must satisfy Saussure’s theory of binary opposition. In any case, within the relationship of the colonizerand the colonized, each are defined by how they affected the other; in the same way, within the magical realist genre, the“magical” and the “real” exist because each contrasts the other. This parallelism is the basis on which this essay interprets magical realism as a coping mechanism for post-colonial trauma. In these two novels specifically, Allende and GarcíaMárquez represent two traumatic facets of the lives they saw around them that can be traced back to colonial influence:  \npolitical upheaval and machismo.  \nIt is widely understood in the literature criticism community that much of magical realist literature is an allegory for political instability in post-colonial cultures (Slemon 9) . Both One Hundred Years of Solitude and House of the Spirits fulfill this commonality. Just before García-Márquez wrote One Hundred Years of Solitude, his home country of Colombia experienced la Violencia. La Violencia was a civilian war, marked by cattle theft, revenge killings, and territorial disputes because the longstanding tension between Colombia’s Conservative and Liberal parties finally boiled over (LaRosa 85-87) . In García-Márquez’s  \nnovel, this event is directly reflected in the conflicts between Conservative and Liberal members of the Buendia family. Similarly, just before Isabel Allende wrote House of the Spirits, her home country of Chile experienced an event known as The Caravan of Death which marked the beginning of dictator Augusto Pinochet’s regime. Pinochet inaugurated his rule by ordering a caravan of soldiers to execute more than 70 different prisoners of war and to enforce strict nighttime curfews and military rule (Collier 359). This is also directly reflected in Allende’s novel as a military take-over that captures prisoners of war and enforces a strict curfew. In his Nobel Prize lecture,“The Solitude of ","cbCaihAJ9icPI6NC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihAJ9icPI6NC","pdf",146694,5,1,13,"English","en",105,"# Magical Realism与创伤纽带\n## 传记与“集体创伤”的界定\n## 殖民主义影响：二元对立与叙事机制\n## 政治动荡的魔幻现实主义隐喻\n## 历史事件在两部小说中的对应","[{\"question\":\"文章如何界定创伤与“集体创伤”？\",\"answer\":\"文章将创伤分为亲身经历、目睹以及由认知推知的“被面对”类型，并指出更大范围的创伤可在群体中共享，形成集体创伤。\"},{\"question\":\"为什么“魔幻”与“现实”的对立会被用来解释殖民创伤？\",\"answer\":\"文章以殖民者/被殖民者的二元对立为基础，认为在魔幻现实主义中，“魔幻”与“现实”之所以成立，正是因为彼此通过对比被界定。\"},{\"question\":\"两部小说如何被视为对政治事件的回应？\",\"answer\":\"文章强调《百年孤独》和《霍乱的精神》都与特定历史动荡相互映照：哥伦比亚的“暴力”（La Violencia）与智利“死亡卡车”及军政府统治，分别在布恩迪亚家族冲突与叙事中的军事接管、宵禁等情节中得到对应。\"}]","Magical Realism - A Trauma Bond | PDF",1787234700,20,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":29},"magical-realism-a-trauma-bond","",{"@graph":37,"@context":86},[38,54,69],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,48,51],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/magical-realism-a-trauma-bond/134131/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":42,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-04","2026-08-20",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"文章如何界定创伤与“集体创伤”？","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"文章将创伤分为亲身经历、目睹以及由认知推知的“被面对”类型，并指出更大范围的创伤可在群体中共享，形成集体创伤。","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"为什么“魔幻”与“现实”的对立会被用来解释殖民创伤？",{"text":81,"@type":77},"文章以殖民者/被殖民者的二元对立为基础，认为在魔幻现实主义中，“魔幻”与“现实”之所以成立，正是因为彼此通过对比被界定。",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"两部小说如何被视为对政治事件的回应？",{"text":85,"@type":77},"文章强调《百年孤独》和《霍乱的精神》都与特定历史动荡相互映照：哥伦比亚的“暴力”（La Violencia）与智利“死亡卡车”及军政府统治，分别在布恩迪亚家族冲突与叙事中的军事接管、宵禁等情节中得到对应。","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":88,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":90,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":93},[94,98,101,105,109,114,119,124,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":95,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":97},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":120,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":123},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":126,"show_sort_weight":30,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality","religion-spirituality",{"id":30,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":30,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":20,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]