[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-119799-en":3,"doc-seo-119799-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},119799,34359740700684,"Finn","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1f400023980c374ae676?_k=1777273430885731487",7,"Healthcare","Machine learning basic concepts for the movement disorders specialist - Chapter 2 - Overview","Chapter 2 offers a structured introduction to core machine learning vocabulary and fundamental concepts for neurology clinicians new to the field. It explains key elements such as features, learning types and tasks, and the workflow of supervised learning, including phases and validation strategies. The chapter then surveys major classification approaches—linear classifiers, neural networks, distance-based methods, and tree-based models—before addressing explainable artificial intelligence and its transparency goals, concluding with a summary and next steps.","University of Groningen  \nMachine learning basic concepts for the movement disorders specialist  \nvan den Brandhof, Elina L. ; van der Stouwe, Madelein; Dalenberg, Jelle R. ; Tuitert, Inge; de  \nKoning-Tijssen, Marina. A. J. ; Biehl, Michael Published in:  \nInternational Review of Movement Disorders  \nDOI:  \n10.1016/bs.irmvd.2023.04.004  \nIMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below.  \nDocument Version  \nPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of record  \nPublication date: 2023  \nLink to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database  \nCitation for published version (APA):  \nvan den Brandhof, E. L. , van der Stouwe, M. , Dalenberg, J. R. , Tuitert, I. , de Koning-Tijssen, M. A. J. , & Biehl, M. (2023) . Machine learning basic concepts for the movement disorders specialist. In A. Sánchez Ferro, & M. H. G. Monje (Eds.), International Review of Movement Disorders: Digital Technologies in Movement Disorders (Vol. 5, pp. 21-47) . (International Review of Movement Disorders; Vol. 5) . Elsevier. [https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irmvd.2023.04.004](https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irmvd.2023.04.004)  \nCopyright  \nOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons) .  \nThe publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license. More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: [https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne](https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne)amendment.  \nTake-down policy  \nIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.  \nDownloaded from the University of Groningen/U MCG research database (Pure): [http://www.rug. nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the](http://www.rug. nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the)[ ](http://www.rug. nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the)[number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.](number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.)  \nDownload date: 29-12-2025  \n CHAPTER TWO  \nMachine learning basic concepts for the movement disorders specialist  \nElina L. van den Brandhofa,b,c,*, A. M. Madelein van der Stouwea,b, Jelle R. Dalenberga,b, Inge Tuiterta,b,d, Marina A.J. Tijssena,b, and Michael Biehlc,e  \naExpertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands  \nbDepartment of Neurology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands  \ncBernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands  \ndNHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands  \neSMQB, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom  \n*Corresponding author: e-mail address: [e.l.van.den.brandhof](e.l.van.den.brandhof@umcg.nl)[@](e.l.van.den.brandhof@umcg.nl)[umcg.nl](e.l.van.den.brandhof@umcg.nl)  \nContents  \n1. Basic vocabulary 22  \n1.1 Machine learning, statistical modeling, and artificial intelligence 22  \n1.2 Example 24  \n1.3 Features 24  \n1.4 Learning types and tasks 25  \n2. Generalization in supervised learning 31  \n2.1 Phases in supervised learning 31  \n2.2 Validation strategies 35  \n3. Classification methods 36  \n3.1 Linear classifiers 36  \n3.2 Neural networks (NN) 38  \n3.3 Distance-based classifiers 41  \n3.4 Tree-based classifiers 43  \n4. Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) 44  \n5. Summary and conclusion 45  \nReferences 47  \nT","cbCaipV1ErXwJCHY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipV1ErXwJCHY","pdf",3658717,1,28,"English","en",105,"# Contents\n## Basic vocabulary\n## Generalization in supervised learning\n## Classification methods\n## Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)\n## Summary and conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of Chapter 2 for movement disorders specialists?\",\"answer\":\"It provides a general overview of machine learning terms and concepts, written for neurology clinicians starting in the area, with the goal of making results understandable and less mysterious.\"},{\"question\":\"What topics are covered under basic vocabulary?\",\"answer\":\"It introduces machine learning, statistical modeling, and artificial intelligence, gives an example, explains features, and distinguishes learning types and tasks.\"},{\"question\":\"Which classification methods are reviewed in this chapter?\",\"answer\":\"The chapter covers linear classifiers, neural networks, distance-based classifiers, and tree-based classifiers.\"}]","Machine learning basic concepts for the movement disorders specialist - Chapter 2 - Overview | PDF",1785726363,71,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"machine-learning-basic-concepts-for-the-movement-disorders-specialist-chapter-2-overview","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/machine-learning-basic-concepts-for-the-movement-disorders-specialist-chapter-2-overview/119799/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-03",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What is the purpose of Chapter 2 for movement disorders specialists?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"It provides a general overview of machine learning terms and concepts, written for neurology clinicians starting in the area, with the goal of making results understandable and less mysterious.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"What topics are covered under basic vocabulary?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"It introduces machine learning, statistical modeling, and artificial intelligence, gives an example, explains features, and distinguishes learning types and tasks.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"Which classification methods are reviewed in this chapter?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"The chapter covers linear classifiers, neural networks, distance-based classifiers, and tree-based classifiers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,118,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},40,"healthcare",{"id":119,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]