[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-372239-105":59,"doc-detail-372239-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","lung-cancer-targeted-therapy-in-2025","Lung Cancer: Targeted Therapy in 2025","","Lung cancer treatment has evolved over the past twenty years following the discovery of EGFR mutations. This review summarizes the current state of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) actionable genomic alterations, emphasizing agents for EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF V600E, MET exon 14-skipping, RET, KRAS G12C, ERBB2 (HER2), and NTRK fusions. It also addresses key toxicities of these targeted drugs and discusses treatment use across metastatic disease and selected earlier-stage settings.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/lung-cancer-targeted-therapy-in-2025/372239/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/lung-cancer-targeted-therapy-in-2025/372239.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rowan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Which NSCLC actionable genomic alterations are covered in the review?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The review focuses on EGFR mutations and several fusion or mutation targets, including ALK, ROS1, BRAF V600E, MET exon 14-skipping, RET, KRAS G12C, ERBB2 (HER2), and NTRK fusions.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Why is molecular testing considered essential in this article?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Molecular testing helps identify actionable genomic alterations and the lung cancer molecular signature, using methods such as IHC, FISH, PCR, and next-generation sequencing (NGS).",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Where are targeted therapies mainly used, according to the review?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The treatments are mostly available for the metastatic stage, while the review also discusses selected adjuvant therapy settings (e.g., EGFR and ALK) and stage III post-chemoradiotherapy for EGFR lung cancer.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},372239,1790530208,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},1099514067415,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539d78ffe74a7?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779092875211072502","Review  \nLung Cancer: Targeted Therapy in 2025  \nNicole Bouchard 1,† and Nathalie Daaboul 2, *,†  \nReceived: 31 January 2025  \nRevised: 23 February 2025  \nAccepted: 26 February 2025  \nPublished: 2 March 2025  \nCitation: Bouchard, N.; Daaboul, N.  \nLung Cancer: Targeted Therapy in 2025. Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32, 146 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)curroncol32030146  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://creativecommons.org/](https://creativecommons.org/)[ ](https://creativecommons.org/)[licenses/by/4.0/](licenses/by/4.0/)) .  \n1 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; [nicole.bouchard@usherbrooke.ca](nicole.bouchard@usherbrooke.ca)  \n2 Centre Intégré de Cancérologie de la Montérégie, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, QC J4V 2H1, Canada  \n* [Correspondence: nathalie.daaboul@usherbrooke.ca](Correspondence: nathalie.daaboul@usherbrooke.ca)[ ](Correspondence: nathalie.daaboul@usherbrooke.ca)† These authors contributed equally to this work.  \nAbstract: Lung cancer treatment has changed in the last twenty years since the discovery of EGFR mutations. In this article, we will review the current state of the art for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) actionable genomic alterations (AGA) . AGAs are mostly found in lung adenocarcinomas, a subtype of non-small cell lung cancers. We will focus on the current treatment for EGFR mutations, ALK fusions, ROS1 fusions, BRAF V600E mutations, MET exon 14-skipping mutations, RET fusions, KRAS G12C mutations, ERBB2 mutations (also called HER2 mutations), and NTRK fusions. We will also touch on the key toxicities associated with these medications. Treatments are mostly available for the metastatic stage, but we will also discuss adjuvant therapy for EGFR mutations and ALK fusions, as well as stage III post-chemoradiotherapy treatment for EGFR lung cancer.  \nKeywords: lung cancer; molecular testing; targeted therapy  \n1. Introduction  \nLung cancer treatment has changed in the last twenty years since the discovery of EGFR mutations. In this article, we will review the current state of the art for non-small lung cancer actionable genomic alterations (AGAs) . AGAs are mostly found in lung adenocarcinomas, a subtype of non-small cell lung cancers. The prevalence of different AGAs varies (Table 1), with the most common being EGFR. We will focus on the current treatment for EGFR mutations, ALK fusions, ROS1 fusions, BRAF V600E mutations, MET exon 14-skipping mutations, RET fusions, KRAS G12C mutations, ERBB2 mutations (also called HER2 mutations), and NTRK fusions. We will also touch on the key toxicities associated with these medications. Treatments are mostly available for the metastatic stage, but we will also discuss adjuvant therapy for EGFR mutations and ALK fusions, as well as stage III post-chemoradiotherapy treatment for EGFR lung cancer.  \nTable 1. Prevalence of actionable genomic alterations in advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) .  \n\n| Gene | Alteration | Prevalence |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| EGFR | -Common mutations (del19, L858R) | -15%(50–60% in Asian) |\n|  | -Uncommon mutations (G719X, L861Q, S768I | -10% |\n|  | -Exon 20 insertions | -2% |\n| ALK | Fusions | 5% |\n| ROS1 | Fusions | 1–2% |\n| BRAFV600E | Mutations | 2% |\n| MET | -Exon 14-skipping mutations | -3% |\n|  | -Amplifications | -1–5% |\n\nTable 1. Cont.  \n\n| Gene | Alteration | Prevalence |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| RET | Fusions | 1–2% |\n| KRASG12C | Mutations | 12% |\n| ERBB2 (HER2) | -Mutations\u003Cbr>-Gene amplifications\u003Cbr>-HER2 overexpressions (diagnostic by immunohistochemistry) | -2–5%-2–4%\u003Cbr>-2–4%(IHC3+)\u003Cbr>2–38%(IHC2+) |\n| NTRK | Fusions | 0.23–3% |\n\n2. Rationale of Molecular Testing  \nMolecular testing is essential to better ass","cbCaika2qHJlPtOl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaika2qHJlPtOl","pdf",270629,15,"English","# Introduction\n## Rationale of Molecular Testing\n## EGFR Mutations: Common Mutations (Exon 19 Deletions and L858R)","[{\"question\":\"Which NSCLC actionable genomic alterations are covered in the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review focuses on EGFR mutations and several fusion or mutation targets, including ALK, ROS1, BRAF V600E, MET exon 14-skipping, RET, KRAS G12C, ERBB2 (HER2), and NTRK fusions.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is molecular testing considered essential in this article?\",\"answer\":\"Molecular testing helps identify actionable genomic alterations and the lung cancer molecular signature, using methods such as IHC, FISH, PCR, and next-generation sequencing (NGS).\"},{\"question\":\"Where are targeted therapies mainly used, according to the review?\",\"answer\":\"The treatments are mostly available for the metastatic stage, while the review also discusses selected adjuvant therapy settings (e.g., EGFR and ALK) and stage III post-chemoradiotherapy for EGFR lung cancer.\"}]","Lung Cancer: Targeted Therapy in 2025 | PDF",1790194046,38]