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Following a new introduction in Cuba (since May 2024) and travel-associated cases, assessing vector competence in non-endemic regions is essential. This study tested European mosquitoes—Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus, and Anopheles atroparvus—using two OROV strains: the prototype TRVL9760 (1955) and OROV-IRCCS-SCDC_1/2024 (imported from Cuba to Italy). Mosquitoes were orally infected and evaluated at 7 and 14 days for infection, dissemination, and transmission potential via focus-forming assays. Cx. pipiens and An. atroparvus showed no susceptibility or transmission, while Aedes albopictus had low infection rates (6.7% at day 7 for TRVL9760; 3.1% at day 14 for OROV-IRCCS-SCDC_1/2024) and no infectious virus in saliva despite dissemination, indicating low transmission risk.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/low-risk-of-transmission-of-prototype-and-newly-emerged-oropouche-virus-strains-by-european-culex-pipiens-aedes-albopictus-and-anopheles-atroparvus-mosquitoes/469964/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/low-risk-of-transmission-of-prototype-and-newly-emerged-oropouche-virus-strains-by-european-culex-pipiens-aedes-albopictus-and-anopheles-atroparvus-mosquitoes/469964.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dawugda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Which European mosquito species were tested for their ability to transmit Oropouche virus?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The study evaluated Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus, and Anopheles atroparvus, three mosquito species commonly found in Europe.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What two Oropouche virus strains were compared in the experiments?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Researchers used the prototype strain TRVL9760 (1955) and a newly emerged/isolate strain OROV-IRCCS-SCDC_1/2024 (imported from Cuba to Italy).",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What did the study find about transmission potential based on saliva testing?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"No infectious virus was detected in the saliva of infected mosquitoes, indicating a low risk of transmission. This was consistent even though viral dissemination occurred, especially in Aedes albopictus.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},469964,1790831161,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":41,"preview_page_count":4},3985747870947,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","OPEN ACCESS  \nCitation: Rosales-Rosas A, Janssens E, Verwimp S, Bartholomeeusen K, Van Dun C, Trappeniers K, et al. (2026) Low risk of transmission of prototype and newly emerged Oropouche virus strains by European Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus, and Anopheles atroparvus mosquitoes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 20(1): e0013879. [https://doi.org/10.1371/](https://doi.org/10.1371/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.1371/)[journal.pntd.0013879](journal.pntd.0013879)  \nEditor: Adly M. M. Abd-Alla, International Atomic Energy Agency, AUSTRIA  \nReceived: September 11, 2025  \nAccepted: December 19, 2025  \nPublished: January 5, 2026  \nCopyright: © 2026 Rosales-Rosas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution  License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.  \nData availability statement: All data generated or analyzed during this study are fully available within the article and its Supporting  information.  \nRESEARCH ARTICLE  \nLow risk of transmission of prototype and newly emerged Oropouche virus strains by European Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus, and Anopheles atroparvus mosquitoes  \nAna Rosales-Rosas1☯, Edith Janssens2☯, Sam Verwimp1, Koen Bartholomeeusen2, Cédric Van Dun1, Katrien Trappeniers1, Kevin K. Ariën2,3, Ruth Müller4,  \nLeen Delang1*, Marco Brustolin4*  \n1 Virus-Host Interactions & Therapeutic Approaches (VITA) Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 2 Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,  \n4 Entomology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium  \n☯ Shared first author, these authors contributed equally to this work.  \n* [mbrustolin@itg.be](mbrustolin@itg.be) (MB); [leen.delang@kuleuven.be](leen.delang@kuleuven.be) (LD)  \nAbstract  \nOropouche virus (OROV) is an emerging arbovirus of growing public health concern, with increasing incidence and geographic spread. Since its discovery in 1955, OROV has caused multiple outbreaks in South and Central America, with a new introduction in Cuba since May 2024. Recent travel-related cases in Europe and the Americas underscore its potential for global dissemination. Assessing vector competence outside endemic regions is critical in the context of global travel and climate change. We evaluated the vector competence of three mosquito species commonly found in Europe—Culex (Cx.) pipiens, Aedes (Ae.) albopictus, and Anopheles (An.) atroparvus—using two OROV strains: the prototype TRVL9760 (1955, Trinidad and Tobago) and a recent isolate OROV-IRCCS-SCDC_ 1/2024 (2024, imported from Cuba to Italy) . Mosquitoes were orally infected and examined at 7-and 14-days post-infection. We assessed infection (body), dissemination (peripheral tissues), and transmission potential (saliva) by measuring infectious virus particles using the gold standard focus-forming assays. Our findings show that Cx. pipiens and An. atroparvus were not susceptible to infection or did not allow transmission with OROV. In Ae. albopictus, low infection rates were observed: 6.7% of mosquitoes showed infection at day 7 with the prototype strain, and 3. 1% at day 14 with OROV-IRCCS-SCDC_ 1/2024 . All infected mosquitoes showed viral dissemination, but none had infectious virus in their saliva, indicating low risk for transmission. These results confirm limited vector competence of European mosquito species for OROV and emphasize the importance of continued entomological surveillance to inform future risk assessments.  \nPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases | [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0013879](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0013879) January 5, 2026 1 / 12  \nFunding: This work","cbCaipl8xeJiZXcj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipl8xeJiZXcj","pdf",666009,12,"English","# Abstract\n## Study aim and strains\n## Methods for infection, dissemination, and transmission assessment\n## Key findings on mosquito susceptibility and saliva infectivity\n## Implications for surveillance and risk assessment","[{\"question\":\"Which European mosquito species were tested for their ability to transmit Oropouche virus?\",\"answer\":\"The study evaluated Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus, and Anopheles atroparvus, three mosquito species commonly found in Europe.\"},{\"question\":\"What two Oropouche virus strains were compared in the experiments?\",\"answer\":\"Researchers used the prototype strain TRVL9760 (1955) and a newly emerged/isolate strain OROV-IRCCS-SCDC_1/2024 (imported from Cuba to Italy).\"},{\"question\":\"What did the study find about transmission potential based on saliva testing?\",\"answer\":\"No infectious virus was detected in the saliva of infected mosquitoes, indicating a low risk of transmission. This was consistent even though viral dissemination occurred, especially in Aedes albopictus.\"}]","Low risk of transmission of prototype and newly emerged Oropouche virus strains by European Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus, and Anopheles atroparvus mosquitoes | PDF",1790776507]