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Methods: Data were drawn from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial, using Cox proportional risk models. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated in unadjusted and adjusted models, supported by subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Results: 98,459 participants contributed 869,807.9 person-years. Conclusion: Higher low-fat dairy intake was linked to a reduced risk of lung cancer.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/low-fat-dairy-consumption-and-the-risk-of-lung-cancer-a-large-prospective-cohort-study/382765/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/low-fat-dairy-consumption-and-the-risk-of-lung-cancer-a-large-prospective-cohort-study/382765.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Putri","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the study’s primary question about low-fat dairy and lung cancer?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The research assessed whether low-fat dairy consumption is associated with the risk of developing lung cancer, addressing a gap in epidemiological evidence.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which dataset and statistical model were used in the study?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The study used data from the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial and applied Cox proportional risk models, reporting hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What were the main findings regarding lung cancer risk across intake levels?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest quartile of low-fat dairy consumption had a significantly lower lung cancer risk than those in the lowest quartile, and a nonlinear inverse dose–response pattern was observed.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},382765,1790293599,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":105,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":41},962085571259,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","DOI: 10. 1002/cam4 .6249  \nRESEAR CH ARTICLE  \nLow-fat dairy consumption and the risk of lung cancer: A large prospective cohort study  \nZhiyong Zhu1  | Linglong Peng1 | He Zhou2,3 | Haitao Gu1 | Yunhao Tang1 | Zhihang Zhou4 | Ling Xiang5 | Yaxu Wang1  \n1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China  \n2Laboratory of Cancer Biology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK  \n3The Second Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China 4Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China  \n5Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China  \nCorrespondence  \nYaxu Wang, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.  \nEmail: [300897@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn](300897@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn)  \nFunding information  \nChongqing Science and Technology Commission, Grant/Award Number:  \nCSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1005, cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0112 and  \ncstc2021jcyj-msxmX0153  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Despite the possible contribution of dairy products to the development or prevention of cancers, there is a lack of epidemiological evidence linking low-fat dairy consumption to the risk of developing lung cancer. This research was conducted to fill this knowledge gap.  \nMethods: The data for this research were collected from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. The Cox proportional risk model was employed to evaluate the link between low-fat dairy consumption and the risk of developing lung cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were measured in both unadjusted and adjusted models. A series of predefined subgroup analyses were performed to identify potential effect modifiers, and several sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the findings.  \nResults: The study included data from 98,459 individuals. During a total of 869,807.9 follow-up person-years, 1642 cases of lung cancer were observed, with an incidence of 0.189 cases for every 100 person-years. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest quartile of low-fat dairy consumption had a significantly decreased risk of lung cancer compared to the ones in the lowest quartile (HRquartile 4 vs. 1: 0.769, 95% CI: 0.664, 0.891, ptrend = 0.005) . The restricted cubic spline plot revealed an inverse nonlinear dose–response relationship between low-fat dairy consumption and lung cancer risk (pnonlinearity = 0.008) . Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the inverse association was stronger among participants with higher daily caloric intake (pinteraction = 0.031) . Various sensitivity analyses produced consistent results.  \nConclusion: Consuming more low-fat dairy products is significantly linked to a reduced risk of developing lung cancer, indicating that an appropriate increase in the use of low-fat dairy products may help prevent lung cancer.  \nKEYWORDS  \nCox regression analysis, low-fat dairy, lung cancer, PLCO trial  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n© 2023 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  \nZHU et al.  \n|  \n16559  \n1 | INTRODUCTION  \nWith about 2.2 million new cases diagnosed in 2020, lung cancer ranks as the second most prevalent cancer globally, representing 11.4% of all cancer cases.1 Despite the advances in therapeutic strategies, it remains the primary cause of tumor-related deaths and a major global health burden.2,3 While smoking is a well-established risk factor, growing epidemiological evidence suggests that certain dietary factors, such as fruits, dietary fiber, vegeta","cbCaikGGX5dbYz7Z","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikGGX5dbYz7Z","pdf",1447737,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction\n# Materials and Methods\n## Study population and design","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s primary question about low-fat dairy and lung cancer?\",\"answer\":\"The research assessed whether low-fat dairy consumption is associated with the risk of developing lung cancer, addressing a gap in epidemiological evidence.\"},{\"question\":\"Which dataset and statistical model were used in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study used data from the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial and applied Cox proportional risk models, reporting hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings regarding lung cancer risk across intake levels?\",\"answer\":\"In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest quartile of low-fat dairy consumption had a significantly lower lung cancer risk than those in the lowest quartile, and a nonlinear inverse dose–response pattern was observed.\"}]","Low-fat dairy consumption and the risk of lung cancer - A large prospective cohort study | PDF",1790252296]