[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-39359-en":3,"doc-seo-39359-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},39359,8796095461610,"Oliver","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c",8,"Research & Report","Living Letters of the Law: Ideas of the Jew in Medieval Christianity","Living Letters of the Law examines ideas about Jews within medieval Christian thought, tracing how Jewish “witness” and Jewish belief were defined, interpreted, and contested from late antiquity through the twelfth century. The study connects Augustinian foundations with early medieval legacies, showing adaptation, reinterpretation, and resistance across major figures such as Gregory the Great, Isidore of Seville, and Agobard of Lyons. It further analyzes shifts in dispute, including responses shaped by holy war debates, scholastic synthesis, and friars’ engagement with Jewish heresy and the Talmud.","# Living Lettersof the Law\n\nIdeas of the Jew inMedieval Christianity  \nJeremy Cohen  \nUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESSBerkeley ·Los Angeles·London  \n## THE S.MARK TAPER FOUNDATIONIMPRINT IN JEWISH STUDIES\n\nBY THIS ENDOWMENT  \nTHE S.MARK TAPER FOUNDATION SUPPORTSTHE APPRECIATION AND UNDERSTANDINGOF THE RICHNESS AND DIVERSITY OFJEWISH LIFE AND CULTURE  \nThe publisher gratefully acknowledges the generouscontribution to this book provided by theS.Mark Taper Foundation.  \n## Living Lettersof the Law\n\nIdeas of the Jew inMedieval Christianity  \nJeremy Cohen  \nUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESSBerkeley ·Los Angeles·London  \nThe cost of preparing this manuscript was offsetby a grant from the Diaspora Research Institute ofTel Aviv University.  \nUniversity of California PressBerkeley and Los Angeles,California  \nUniversity of California Press,Ltd.London,England  \nC 1999 byThe Regents of the University of California  \nLibrary of CongressCataloging-in-Publication Data  \nCohen,Jeremy  \nLiving letters of the law:ideas of the Jew inmedieval Christianity /Jeremy Cohen.  \np.cm.—(The S.Mark Taper  \nFoundation imprint in Jewish studies)Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 978-0-520-21870-3(alk.paper)  \n1.Judaism (Christian theology)—History ofdoctrines--Middle Ages,600-1500.1.Title.BT93.C641999261.2'6'0902—dc2199-20634  \nCIP  \nManufactured in the United States of America  \n151413121110090807111098765432  \nThe paper used in this publication meets theminimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992(R 1997)(Permanence of Paper).  \n## Living Letters of the Law\n\nContents  \nAcknowledgments  \nW.以  \nList of Abbreviations  \nIntroduction  \nI  \nPART ONE:AUGUSTINIAN FOUNDATIONS  \nI9  \nI.The Doctrine of Jewish Witness  \n23  \nPART TWO:THE AUGUSTINIAN LEGACY IN THEEARLY MIDDLE AGES:ADAPTATION,REINTERPRETATION,RESISTANCE  \n67  \n2.Gregory the Great:Between Sicut Iudaeis andAdversus Iudaeos  \n73  \n3.Isidore of Seville:Anti-Judaism and theHermeneutics of Integration95  \n4.Agobard of Lyons:Battling the Enemies ofChristian UnityI23  \nPART THREE:RECONCEPTUALIZING JEWISHDISBELIEF IN THE TWELFTH CENTURYI47  \n5.Reason in Defense of the Faith:From Anselm ofCanterbury to Peter AlfonsiI67  \n6.Against the Backdrop of Holy War:Bernard ofClairvaux and Peter the Venerable2I9  \n7.Renaissance Men and Their Dreams27IPART FOUR:THE FRIARS RECONSIDERED3I3  \n8.Judaism as Heresy:Thirteenth-Century Churchmenand the Talmud  \n3I7  \n9.Ambiguities of Thomistic Synthesis364  \nAfterword  \n39I  \nReferences  \n4OIIndex437  \n## Acknowledgments\n\nWork on this book has extended over much of the present decade,andI gratefully acknowledge my indebtedness to the many individuals whohave helped me bring the project to its conclusion.Martin Goodman,Ora Limor,Ivan Marcus,Marc Raphael,Michael Signer,David Stern,and Kenneth Stow graciously agreed to read portions of the manuscriptin various stages of its evolution and provided me with invaluable con-structive criticism.Many others responded graciously to my variegatedcalls for assistance,including Ram Ben-Shalom,Martin Bertram,Na-omi Cohen,Sander Gilman,Thomas Hahn,Colum Hourihane,AryehKasher,Joel Kraemer,Sara Lipton,Joseph Lynch,Robert Markus,Aharon Oppenheimer,Alexander Patschovsky,Kenneth Pennington,Judith Rosen,Shlomo Simonsohn,Michael Toch,and John Van Engen;I remain appreciatively in their debt.  \nFellowships at the Shalom Hartman Institute in Jerusalem,at theHebrew University's Institute for Advanced Studies,and from the Na-tional Endowment for the Humanities allowed me precious time forpursuing this project;and grants from the Melton Center for JewishStudies and the College of Humanities at The Ohio State University,the State of Israel's Ministry of Absorption,and the Diaspora ResearchInstitute at Tel Aviv University helped to offset the expenses of myresearch.I am similarly grateful to the directors and staffs of the Es-cuela de Estudios Hispano-Americanos in Seville,where I profited fromseveral fruitful and pleasant weeks of research,and the ","cbCaiqGxp0mhpKCo","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqGxp0mhpKCo","pdf",33198498,2,1,465,"English","en",105,"# Contents\n## Acknowledgments\n## List of Abbreviations\n## Introduction\n## PART ONE: AUGUSTINIAN FOUNDATIONS\n## 1. The Doctrine of Jewish Witness\n## PART TWO: THE AUGUSTINIAN LEGACY IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES: ADAPTATION, REINTERPRETATION, RESISTANCE\n## 2. Gregory the Great: Between Sicut Iudaeis and Adversus Iudaeos\n## 3. Isidore of Seville: Anti-Judaism and the Hermeneutics of Integration\n## 4. Agobard of Lyons: Battling the Enemies of Christian Unity\n## PART THREE: RECONCEPTUALIZING JEWISH DISBELIEF IN THE TWELFTH CENTURY\n## 5. Reason in Defense of the Faith: From Anselm of Canterbury to Peter Alfonsi\n## 6. Against the Backdrop of Holy War: Bernard of Clairvaux and Peter the Venerable\n## 7. Renaissance Men and Their Dreams\n## PART FOUR: THE FRIARS RECONSIDERED\n## 8. Judaism as Heresy: Thirteenth-Century Churchmen and the Talmud\n## 9. Ambiguities of Thomistic Synthesis\n## Afterword\n## References\n## Index","[{\"question\":\"What is the book’s central focus on medieval Christian ideas about Jews?\",\"answer\":\"The book traces how Jewish witness and Jewish belief were conceptualized within medieval Christianity, following changes from foundational Augustinian thought through later medieval reinterpretations and disputes.\"},{\"question\":\"Which early medieval authors are discussed as part of the Augustinian legacy?\",\"answer\":\"Key figures include Gregory the Great, Isidore of Seville, and Agobard of Lyons, each presented through their roles in shaping or contesting Christian approaches to Jews.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book describe developments in the twelfth century and later debates?\",\"answer\":\"It examines shifts in defense and controversy, including reasoning used in faith debates and the context of holy war, culminating in later treatment of Judaism as heresy and engagement with the 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