[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-382019-105":59,"doc-detail-382019-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","liquid-biopsy-approaches-to-capture-tumor-evolution-and-clinical-outcomes-during-cancer-immunotherapy","Liquid biopsy approaches to capture tumor evolution and clinical outcomes during cancer immunotherapy","","Circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) provides a near-real-time biomarker of tumor burden and reveals how cancer genomes evolve under the selective pressure of immunotherapy. Longitudinal ctDNA mutation profiling can clarify clonal architecture and therapeutic response biology, while acknowledging that single-feature ctDNA views do not fully represent antitumor immune complexity. Integrative, tumor–immune modeling is needed to explain tumor clearance kinetics in relation to immune response quality, supporting predictive and prognostic monitoring.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/liquid-biopsy-approaches-to-capture-tumor-evolution-and-clinical-outcomes-during-cancer-immunotherapy/382019/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/liquid-biopsy-approaches-to-capture-tumor-evolution-and-clinical-outcomes-during-cancer-immunotherapy/382019.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"RuangKosong","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does ctDNA function as a biomarker during cancer immunotherapy?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"ctDNA can reflect tumor burden in near real time and provide insights into the evolving molecular landscape shaped by immunotherapy’s selective pressure. Genomic alterations detected in ctDNA may reveal clonal architecture related to metastatic progression and therapeutic responses.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why is single-feature ctDNA analysis considered insufficient?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The complexity of antitumor immune responses is not fully captured by single-feature ctDNA analyses. The document emphasizes the need for integrative approaches that model both tumor and immune compartments.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What clinical value do ctDNA tests offer for patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"ctDNA testing can show predictive and prognostic value by detecting genomic biomarkers such as tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability. It also enables real-time monitoring of circulating tumor burden and assessment of early on-therapy responses, supporting patient selection and treatment decisions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},382019,1790533737,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090883219,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Open access Review  \n Liquid biopsy approaches to capture  \ntumor evolution and clinical outcomes during cancer immunotherapy  \nLavanya Sivapalan,1 Joseph C Murray,1 Jenna VanLiere Canzoniero,1  \nBlair Landon,1 Jennifer Jackson,2 Susan Scott,1 Vincent Lam,1 Benjamin P. Levy,1 Mark Sausen,2 Valsamo Anagnostou  1,3  \nTo cite: Sivapalan L, Murray JC, Canzoniero JV, et al. Liquid biopsy approaches to capture tumor evolution and clinical outcomes during cancer immunotherapy. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2023;11:e005924 . doi:10 . 1136/ jitc-2022-005924  \n► Additional supplemental material is published online only. To view, please visit the journal online ([http://dx.doi.org/10](http://dx.doi.org/10) . 1136/jitc-2022-005924) .  \nAccepted 16 December 2022  \nWatch Video  \n[jitc.bmj.com](jitc.bmj.com)  \n© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.  \n1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA  \n2Personal Genome Diagnostics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA 3The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA  \nCorrespondence to  \nDr Valsamo Anagnostou; [vanagno1@jhmi.edu](vanagno1@jhmi.edu)  \nABSTRACT  \nCirculating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) can serve as areal-time biomarker of tumor burden and provide unique insights into the evolving molecular landscape of cancers under the selective pressure of immunotherapy. Tracking the landscape of genomic alterations detected in ctDNA may reveal the clonal architecture of the metastatic cascade and thus improve our understanding of the molecular wiring of therapeutic responses. While liquid biopsies may provide a rapid and accurate evaluation of tumor burden dynamics during immunotherapy, the complexity of antitumor immune responses is not fully captured through single-feature ctDNA analyses. This underscores a need for integrative studies modeling the tumor and the immune compartment to understand the kinetics of tumor clearance in association with the quality of antitumor immune responses. Clinical applications of ctDNA testing in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown both predictive and prognostic value through the detection of genomic biomarkers, such as tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability, as well as allowing for real-time monitoring of circulating tumor burden and the assessment of  \nearly on-therapy responses. These efforts highlight the emerging role of liquid biopsies in selecting patients for cancer immunotherapy, monitoring therapeutic efficacy, determining the optimal duration of treatment and ultimately guiding treatment selection and sequencing. The clinical translation of liquid biopsies is propelled by the increasing number of ctDNA-directed interventional clinical trials in the immuno-oncology space, signifying a critical step towards implementation of liquid biopsies in precision immuno-oncology.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment landscape for patients with advanced solid tumors,1–4 exemplified in the first tissue-agnostic drug approvals for patients whose tumors harbor microsatellite instability (MSI) or high tumor mutation burden (TMB) .2 5–11 Similar promise has now been demonstrated in the early stage disease setting, given the FDA approval of ICIs for use in the adjuvant12–14  \nand neoadjuvant treatment paradigm.15 16 Despite the success of ICI therapy, clinical responses are often heterogeneous and only a subset of patients will attain long-term clinical outcomes, highlighting an urgent clinical need to precisely identify those most likely to benefit through improved patient selection and stratification biomarker strategies. This is particularly important in the context of an ever-increasing number of immunotherapy monotherapy or combination ","cbCaimUqs27ZfvYk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimUqs27ZfvYk","pdf",1972249,15,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Immune checkpoint inhibitors and biomarker needs\n## Tumor tissue limitations and dynamic tumor-immune interactions\n## Rationale for longitudinal liquid biopsy monitoring","[{\"question\":\"How does ctDNA function as a biomarker during cancer immunotherapy?\",\"answer\":\"ctDNA can reflect tumor burden in near real time and provide insights into the evolving molecular landscape shaped by immunotherapy’s selective pressure. Genomic alterations detected in ctDNA may reveal clonal architecture related to metastatic progression and therapeutic responses.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is single-feature ctDNA analysis considered insufficient?\",\"answer\":\"The complexity of antitumor immune responses is not fully captured by single-feature ctDNA analyses. The document emphasizes the need for integrative approaches that model both tumor and immune compartments.\"},{\"question\":\"What clinical value do ctDNA tests offer for patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors?\",\"answer\":\"ctDNA testing can show predictive and prognostic value by detecting genomic biomarkers such as tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability. It also enables real-time monitoring of circulating tumor burden and assessment of early on-therapy responses, supporting patient selection and treatment decisions.\"}]","Liquid biopsy approaches to capture tumor evolution and clinical outcomes during cancer immunotherapy | PDF",1790248593,38]