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Lipid removal also produced an oat protein concentrate with 73.0% protein and 5.0% mass yield, validated at industrial scale with 2310 kg oat groats.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/lipid-removal-enhances-separation-of-oat-grain-cell-wall-material-from-starch-and-protein-article/292767/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/lipid-removal-enhances-separation-of-oat-grain-cell-wall-material-from-starch-and-protein-article/292767.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Blaney","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",17,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"How does SC-CO2 lipid removal affect oat fractionation?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"SC-CO2 defatting enables concentration of oat main components into specific fractions during dry fractionation, improving separation during milling and air classification.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What β-glucan enrichment was achieved after lipid removal?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The cell wall-enriched fraction reached 33.9% β-glucan with lipid removal, compared with 17.1% without lipid removal.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Is the process industrially applicable?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Yes. A trial using 2310 kg oat groats showed the defatting and dry fractionation approach works on an industrial scale.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},292767,1789655090,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":112,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":80,"read_time":118,"preview_page_count":4},1236954677761,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","PUBLICATION I  \nLipid removal enhances  \nseparation of oat grain cell wall material from starch and protein  \nIn: Journal of Cereal Science (54), pp. 104–109.  \nCopyright 2011 Elsevier Ltd.  \nReprinted with permission from the publisher.  \nJournal of Cereal Science 54 (2011) 104e109  \nContents lists available at ScienceDirect  \nJournal of Cereal Science  \njournal [homepage: www. elsevier. com/locate/jcs](homepage: www. elsevier. com/locate/jcs)  \nLipid removal enhances separation of oat grain cell wall material from starch and protein  \nJ. Sibakov a, *, O. Myllymäki a, U. Holopainen a, A. Kaukovirta-Norja a, V. Hietaniemi b, J.M. Pihlava b,  \nK. Poutanen a, P. Lehtinen a  \na VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, Tietotie 2, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland bMTT Agrifood Research Finland, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland  \na r t i c l e i n f o  \n\n| Article history:\u003Cbr>Received 28 November 2010\u003Cbr>Received in revised form\u003Cbr>29 March 2011\u003Cbr>Accepted 19 April 2011 |\n| --- |\n| Keywords:\u003Cbr>Oats\u003Cbr>Beta-glucan\u003Cbr>Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction Air classification |\n\na b s t r a c t  \nEffects of lipid removal on the fine milling and air classification processing of oats were studied. Lipid removal by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction enabled concentration of the main components of oats e starch, protein, lipids and cell walls e into specific fractions. Using defatted oats as raw material, the highest b-glucan concentration of the cell wall-enriched fraction was 33.9% as compared to 17.1% without lipid removal. This was probably due to more efficient milling yielding smaller particles, and release of starchy material from cellular structures during milling of defatted oats, resulting in better classification. The removal of lipids also enabled separation of an oat protein concentrate with a protein concentration of 73.0% and a mass yield of 5.0%. A trial with 2310 kg of oat groats showed that the process based on defatting and dry fractionation was also industrially applicable.  \n2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.  \n1. Introduction  \nOats are known as a good source of b-glucan, but they also contain high amounts of lipids. The b-glucan concentration of oats varies typically between 2 and 8.5% and total lipids between 6 and 10% of the whole grain (Butt et al., 2008; Peterson, 2002; Wood, 1986). Oat b-glucans are located throughout the starchy endosperm, but they are concentrated in the cell walls of the aleurone and sub-aleurone layers (Wood, 1986). Lipid content is high in the embryonic cells, but due to their low mass proportion, the bran and endosperm contain the majority of oat lipids (Price and Parsons, 1979). In a sieving process, oat lipids are distributed so that around 35% are recovered in starchy fine flour and 65% in coarse flour and bran fractions (Doehlert and Moore, 1997).  \nOat dietary fibre is characterized by a high concentration of mixed linked (1/3),(1/4)-b-D-glucan (Wood, 2007). This watersoluble dietary fibre has attracted significant nutritional interest during recent years, as several independent studies have shown that products containing oat b-glucan have a cholesterol-lowering effect (Brown et al., 1999; Ripsin et al., 1992; Truswell, 2002). In addition, oat b-glucan has been reported to attenuate glycaemic  \nAbbreviations: DG, diacylglycerols; FFA, free fatty acids; PL, polar lipids; TG, triacylglycerols; SC-CO2, supercritical carbon dioxide.  \n* Corresponding author. Tel.: þ358 20 722 4080; fax: þ358 20 722 7071. E-mail address: Juhani.Sibakov@vtt.fi (J. Sibakov).  \n0733-5210/$ e see front matter 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2011.04.003  \nresponse (Butt et al., 2008). In the U.S.A., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA, 1997, 2003) has allowed a heart health claim for products containing oat or barley b-glucan. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA, 2009) recently also accepted a claim that regular consumption of b-glucans contributes to maintenanc","cbCaidQZltyBJLIs","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidQZltyBJLIs","pdf",199697,"English","# 1. Introduction\n## Oats, lipids, and β-glucan distribution\n## Nutritional relevance and fractionation background\n# 2. Experimental\n## Fractionation process objective and scale","[{\"question\":\"How does SC-CO2 lipid removal affect oat fractionation?\",\"answer\":\"SC-CO2 defatting enables concentration of oat main components into specific fractions during dry fractionation, improving separation during milling and air classification.\"},{\"question\":\"What β-glucan enrichment was achieved after lipid removal?\",\"answer\":\"The cell wall-enriched fraction reached 33.9% β-glucan with lipid removal, compared with 17.1% without lipid removal.\"},{\"question\":\"Is the process industrially applicable?\",\"answer\":\"Yes. A trial using 2310 kg oat groats showed the defatting and dry fractionation approach works on an industrial scale.\"}]","Lipid removal enhances separation of oat grain cell wall material from starch and protein - Article | PDF"]