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Lion Care Manual. Association of Zoos and Aquariums, Silver Spring, MD. p. 143.  \nAuthors and Significant contributors:  \nHollie Colahan, Editor, Denver Zoo, AZA Lion SSP Coordinator  \nCheri Asa, Ph. D, St. Louis Zoo Christy Azzarello-Dole, Brookfield Zoo Sally Boutelle, St. Louis Zoo  \nMike Briggs, DVM, APCRO, AZA Lion SSP Veterinary Advisor Kelly Cox, Knoxville Zoo  \nLiz Kellerman, Abilene Zoo  \nSuzan Murray, DVM, Smithsonian’s National Zoo, AZA Lion SSP Veterinary Advisor Lisa New, Knoxville Zoo  \nBudhan Pukazhenthi, Ph. D, Smithsonian’s National Zoo, AZA Lion SSP Reproductive Advisor Sarah Putman, Smithsonian’s National Zoo  \nKibby Treiber, Fort Worth Zoo, AZA Lion SSP Nutrition Advisor Ann Ward, Ph. D, Fort Worth Zoo, AZA Lion SSP Nutrition Advisor  \nContributors to earlier Husbandry Manual and Standardized Guidelines drafts:  \nDominic Calderisi, Lincoln Park Zoo  \nBrent Day, Little Rock Zoo Pat Thomas, Ph. D, Bronx Zoo Tarren Wagener, Fort Worth Zoo Megan Wilson, Ph.D, Zoo Atlanta  \nReviewers:  \nChristy Azzarello-Dole, Brookfield Zoo  \nJoe Christman, Disney’s Animal Kingdom, SSP Management Group Karen Dunn, Tulsa Zoo, SSP Management Group  \nNorah Fletchall, Indianapolis Zoo, Felid TAG Co-Chair Liz Kellerman, Abilene Zoo  \nScotty Stainback, Caldwell Zoo  \nTerry Webb, Prospect Park Zoo, SSP Management Group  \nLaurie Gage, DVM, USDA Big Cat Specialist Alex Sliwa, Cologne Zoo, EAZA Felid TAG Chair  \nLouise Ginman, Taronga Zoo, ZAA Lion Species Coordinator  \nAZA Staff Editors:  \nMaya Seaman, AZA ACM Intern  \nCandice Dorsey, Ph. D. , Director, Animal Conservation  \nCover Photo Credits:  \nHollie Colahan  \nDisclaimer: This manual presents a compilation of knowledge provided by recognized animal experts based on the current science, practice, and technology of animal management. The manual assembles basic requirements, best practices, and animal care recommendations to maximize capacity for excellence in animal care and welfare. The manual should be considered a work in progress, since practices continue to evolve through advances in scientific knowledge. The use of information within this manual should be in accordance with all local, state, and federal laws and regulations concerning the care of animals. While some government laws and regulations may be referenced in this manual, these are not all-inclusive nor is this manual intended to serve as an evaluation tool for those agencies. The recommendations included are not meant to be exclusive management approaches, diets, medical treatments, or procedures, and may require adaptation to meet the specific needs of individual animals and particular circumstances in each institution. Commercial entities and media identified are not necessarily endorsed by AZA. The statements presented throughout the body of the manual do not represent AZA standards of care unless specifically identified as such in clearly marked sidebar boxes.  \nAcknowledgements  \nLions are an iconic species, both loved and feared. While they do not have the striking color patterns of a jaguar or the cultural significance of a tiger, the striking mane and complex social structure makes them unique among all the wild cats. Nearly half of all AZA-accredited institutions house lions, a testament to their charisma and popularity. For many years lions were easy to breed and we believed they would always be in zoos. Over those same years we saw tens of thousands of them in Africa and believed they would rule the wild forever. In the thirty years since the AZA Lion SSP was established we have been proven wrong on every level.  \nEvery day keepers, animal manager","cbCaiskSnjIjm2SD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiskSnjIjm2SD","pdf",10877310,144,"English","# Introduction\n## Taxonomic Classification\n## Genus, Species, and Status","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the AZA Lion Care Manual?\",\"answer\":\"It assembles basic requirements, best practices, and animal care recommendations to maximize capacity for excellence in lion care and welfare.\"},{\"question\":\"How should the manual’s recommendations be used?\",\"answer\":\"Recommendations should be applied in accordance with local, state, and federal laws and adapted to the specific needs of individual animals and circumstances.\"},{\"question\":\"Is the manual meant to stay fixed or change over time?\",\"answer\":\"It is a work in progress and should be continually updated as scientific knowledge and practices advance.\"}]","LION - (Panthera leo) CARE MANUAL - AZA Lion Species Survival Plan | PDF",1790546285,363]