[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-109128-en":3,"doc-seo-109128-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},109128,687197100911,"Himbo","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1785132997149421697",8,"Research & Report","Liberia - Country Climate Development Report - Annexes","Annexes to the Liberia Country Climate Development Report describe the CC-MFMOD model and its climate-augmented design. The annex explains how the model extends the MFMod through emissions, pollution, and temperature- and flooding-related damage functions, plus an adaptation module that evaluates economic returns to resilience investment. It also details how sectoral value added is represented, how energy is disaggregated, how emissions-reduction policies are incorporated, and how co-benefits from reduced pollution and improved health and productivity can be quantified.","Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized  \nAnnexes  \nAnnex 1 Description of the CC-MFMOD model  \nThe CC-MFMod was developed to accommodate the impact of climate change. It was developed as an extension of the MFMod for Pakistan and Jamaica (Burns, Jooste, and Schwerhoff 2021) . It draws on the climate literature to introduce emissions and pollution modules and damage functions from higher temperatures, pollution, and flooding on economic activity and includes an adaptation module to analyze the economic benefits of adaption investments (Figure 3A.1) . The climate-augmented version provides a vehicle for systematically evaluating climate impacts (tons of carbon emitted, energy transition, economic and health damages from higher temperature and pollution, etc.) as well as the traditional social and economic impacts (growth, fiscal sustainability, inflation, and current account stability) of both climate and nonclimate policies. The model can also quantify associated co-benefits from reduced pollution, better health and productivity outcomes, increased temperatures, and rain variability. Efforts in Uganda included mapping aggregate economic activity to natural capital, including estimates of adjusted national savings, which account for resource depletion, the cost of carbon and pollution, and education expenditures.  \nFigure 3A.1 . Stylized representation of CC-MFMOD dynamics  \nSectoral detail in the model (production side)  \nAn important feature of modeling is the mapping of demand and supply components to value-added. Ideally, one would model the factor input choices in each sector, using data on labor, capital, rental rates, and wages at the sectoral level. Time series data for these variables are not available for most countries. Many macrostructural models neglect this part of the model by either omitting the value-added block entirely or by writing this block as reduced forms, with an identity determining the level of each sector.  \nStandard MFMod models three sectors of the economy: agriculture, industry, and services. The CC-MFMod disaggregates industry into non-energy industry and energy value-added, mapping energy inputs (coal, oil, gas, renewables) into the production and consumption of electricity. Further disaggregation into subsectors would require detailed time series data at the subsectoral level, which are not available in most countries.  \nFor the CCDR, the team looks at country-specific issues; where data allow it to do so, it will disaggregate sectors into subsectors that are critical for the economy (now and in the future) and are significantly affected by climate change and climate change policies or significantly affect the level of emissions. Possible further disaggregation includes subsectors within agriculture which employs more than two-thirds of the labor force in the selected countries. Livestock herding contributes 10–15 percent of GDP in Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, and Niger and an even larger share in Mauritania, where half the population is pastoralistand the vulnerability of pastoral systems to climate change is very high. Fishing is a key livelihood activity, offering one of the least expensive protein sources to people living in these countries. Both coastal and inland fishing suffer from overfishing and habitat degradation.  \nClimate change components in the CC-MFMod  \nPotential GDP is the supply potential of the economy; it anchors the real side of the model. It determineshow much output can be produced when all of the resource in the economy are fully employed (given existing distortions, technology and preferences) . In CC-MFMod, the standard Cobb-Douglas specification for potential GDP is modified along two main dimensions to accommodate the climate focus of the model. Energy is included as a factor of production (see Hassler, Krussel, and Olovsson 2012), and the production function is modified to account for damages from climate change. The additional climate components in ","cbCaieDJwJ5YT1Fm","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieDJwJ5YT1Fm","pdf",1896590,4,1,54,"English","en",105,"# Annexes\n## Annex 1 Description of the CC-MFMOD model\n## Sectoral detail in the model (production side)\n## Climate change components in the CC-MFMod\n## A more disaggregated energy sector and its inclusion as a factor of production","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the CC-MFMOD model in the annex?\",\"answer\":\"The CC-MFMOD model is designed to accommodate climate change impacts by evaluating climate-related outcomes and linking emissions, pollution, temperatures, and flooding to economic activity.\"},{\"question\":\"How does CC-MFMOD extend the standard MFMod framework?\",\"answer\":\"It adds emissions and pollution modules, modifies the potential GDP specification to include energy and climate damages, and introduces an adaptation module to analyze the economic benefits of resilience investments.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the annex say about sector and energy representation in the model?\",\"answer\":\"The model maps demand and supply components to value added, disaggregates industry and integrates a more detailed energy sector on both production and consumption sides, including carbon intensity differences and policy-driven price 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