[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-56310-en":3,"doc-seo-56310-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},56310,8796095461610,"Oliver","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c",8,"Research & Report","Lexical Gaps between English and Arabic Religious vocabulary","This graduation project investigates the lexical gaps between English and Arabic religious vocabulary, focusing on how religious language carries theological, cultural, and historical connotations that resist one-to-one transfer. With both languages shaped by different religious traditions, many shared concepts lack direct lexical equivalents, affecting translation of religious texts. The study applies descriptive and analytical methods grounded in semantics and translation research, comparing terms like taqwa, zakat, and ibadah. Results attribute gaps to linguistic structure, traditions, and lexicalization patterns.","Republic of Iraq\nMinistry of Higher Education and Scientific Research\nUniversity of Tikrit\nCollege of Education for Humanities\nDepartment of English\nLexical Gaps between English and Arabic Religious vocabulary\nA Graduation Project\nSubmitted to The Council of the College of Education for Humanities, University of Tikrit, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor’s\nBy\nEman Hussain Jassim\nSupervised By:\nDr. Fouad Hussein Ali\n2026. A.D                                                                                                   1447. A. H\n{وَقُل رَّبِّ زِدْنِي عِلْمًا}\n(صدق الله العظيم)\nطه: [144]\nIn the name of Allah, The Most, Gracious, The Most Merciful\n“And say, My Lord, increase me in knowledge.”\nGod Almighty has spoken the truth\n(Sura: Ta-Ha, Aya: 144)\nTo my parents, who have been a pillar in my academic life through their support, patience, and encouragement, always. I also devote this to my family and friends who provide my motivation and confidence in my abilities. Lastly, I would like to offer this research to my teachers and professors who assisted and provided much valuable information to the finalization of this research.\nAdditionally, I dedicate this work to my beloved family for their constant encouragement, moral support and belief in me\nACKNOWLEDGEMENTS\nI wish to thank and fully appreciate my supervisor Dr. Fouad Husein Ali  , and his very precious guidance, constant support, and academic supervision during the process of writing and completing this research. His critical feedback, informative suggestions and constant motivations significantly worked towards enhancing the excellence of this research. His effort, patience and educational skills contributed a great deal into steering this research to the path of success.\nI also owe the academic staff of the department a favourable learning experience along with their rich knowledge, tips and support toward my academic life. The teaching and mentoring practice I experienced has influenced my academic growth.\nI would like to give special credit to my family who supported me, understood, and encouraged me in my studies indefinitely. Their morality and faith in me have always acted as a strength and motivational factor.\nLastly, I would wish to express gratitude to all the people involved in the actual or indirect manner in the completion of this study. Any help, guidance or support that is provided on this journey is highly welcome.\nAbstract\nThis paper explores the lexical gap between Arabic and English when it comes to the religious vocabulary. Religious language is a very specific branch of lexicon where numerous words have a complicated theological, cultural, historical connotation. The fact that both English and Arabic evolved in the context of distinct religious cultures and languages, mainly Christianity and Islam, means that many of the same religious concepts cannot be lexically related in the other language. The paper will set out to determine the attributes of these lexical gaps, the linguistic and cultural conditions that lead to such gaps and how it affects translation of religious texts.\nThe study has been made descriptive and analytical and relies on theories of semantics and translation research. It discusses lexical gaps, types of linguistic gaps and the importance of linguistic gaps in cross-linguistic communication. Specific emphasis is made on the comparison of the usage of English and Arabic religious terms, where such terms as taqwa, zakat, ibadah, and other culturally-specific ways of expression cannot be translated into single words. Another aspect of religious vocabulary, which the study addresses, is the contribution of historical, cultural, and theological settings to vocabulary in both languages.\nThe results show that the lexical gaps are due to the difference in the linguistic structure, religious traditions, and lexicalization patterns of the English and Arabic languages. These loopholes present a major problem","cbCaiqfLkGzWlTZO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqfLkGzWlTZO","docx",113693,1,40,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Religious vocabulary and lexical gaps\n# Abstract\n## Research purpose and scope\n# Keywords\n## Core terms used","[{\"question\":\"What does the study focus on regarding English and Arabic religious vocabulary?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on the lexical gap between Arabic and English in the religious lexicon and how these gaps affect translating religious concepts and texts.\"},{\"question\":\"Why do lexical gaps occur in religious discourse?\",\"answer\":\"Lexical gaps arise because English and Arabic are rooted in different religious traditions, and because religious meanings often extend beyond denotation into doctrinal, emotional, and symbolic layers.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study say translators can handle missing equivalents?\",\"answer\":\"When direct single-word equivalents are unavailable, translators may rely on borrowing, transliteration, and paraphrasing with explanations to preserve religious meaning.\"}]",1783809898,101,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":27},"lexical-gaps-between-english-and-arabic-religious-vocabulary","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,53,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/lexical-gaps-between-english-and-arabic-religious-vocabulary/56310/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","2026-07-11",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What does the study focus on regarding English and Arabic religious vocabulary?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The study focuses on the lexical gap between Arabic and English in the religious lexicon and how these gaps affect translating religious concepts and texts.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"Why do lexical gaps occur in religious discourse?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"Lexical gaps arise because English and Arabic are rooted in different religious traditions, and because religious meanings often extend beyond denotation into doctrinal, emotional, and symbolic layers.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"How does the study say translators can handle missing equivalents?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"When direct single-word equivalents are unavailable, translators may rely on borrowing, transliteration, and paraphrasing with explanations to preserve religious 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