[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-319115-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-319115-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","leviathan-part-1-introduction","Leviathan - Part 1 - Introduction","","Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes explains why a commonwealth can govern people and how the government should serve public needs. The work is organized into four parts: the nature of man, the duties of citizens and the function of the commonwealth, the relationship between civil and divine authority, and the “Kingdom of Darkness” as a condition of disorder and manipulation. It also reflects on sovereignty as the necessary authority for social order.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/story-novel/","Story & Novel",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/leviathan-part-1-introduction/319115/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/leviathan-part-1-introduction/319115.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Levi","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",5,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the main purpose of Leviathan according to the text?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It aims to explain why a commonwealth can govern people and to find the best way for government to serve the needs of its people, centered on the necessity of sovereign rule.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does Hobbes describe humans in the state of nature?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Humans are reactive and constantly influenced by the world, producing unending desires that lead to conflict and war; in this state, people are equal in vulnerability, creating fear and anxiety.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How does the book address obedience to civil versus divine authority?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"It argues there is no real conflict between civil laws and religious laws, but people are often misled; the sovereign power is the only true power on Earth, and worship is tied to obedience and faith.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},319115,1791775468,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,87,91,95,99,104,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":96,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":100,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":55,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":22,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":55,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":110},7971461740909,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes  \nHobbes' Leviathan is divided into four parts: 1) of man, 2) of the commonwealth, 3) of a Christian commonwealth, and 4) of the Kingdom of Darkness. His main goal is to explain why a commonwealth can govern people and to find the best way for the government to serve the needs of its people. The full name of the book is Leviathan or The Matter, Forme and Power of a Commonwealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil. Sounds pretty impressive, doesn’t it? But it can be quite a mouthful. So in order to save some time, it’s more commonly referred to as just“Leviathan.” In its essence, the book Leviathan is one of the first pieces that covered the questions of societal contract and forms of power. It is important to understand that the backdrop for the Leviathan book was the English Civil war. This makes the question of the state of nature Hobbes raises a natural reflection of its time. The author, English philosopher Thomas Hobbes, argues for the benefits of sovereign rule. Despite all its flaws, he considers it a necessary form of government over human society. A strong ruling hand to combat the chaos and brutality of human nature (which at that point in  \ntime manifested in the Civil War) . It can be quite a difficult read considering how long ago it was written and the need to constantly reference the whole historical context. But ultimately, it gives extremely valuable insight into the mind of political philosophers of the time.  \nPart One starts with a focus on man. Hobbes believes that a commonwealth is like an \"artificial man.\" He argues that humans are reactive creatures who are constantly influenced by the world around them. These constant changes drive humans to have unending desires, which in the \"state of nature\" leads to conflict and war. In this state, all men are equal, as anyone can harm anyone else, creating fear and anxiety. To protect themselves, people use their reason to create a powerful state that can ensure their safety. The purpose of the state, or commonwealth, is to protect the lives of its people.  \nPart Two explains the citizens'duties to the state, or 'Leviathan,'and how it should function. Hobbes argues that monarchy is the best form of government because it gives the sovereign enough power to protect people from both external threats and internal chaos. Citizens  \nowe total obedience to the sovereign, as disobedience harms them, since the commonwealth exists to protect their lives. While people can leave the commonwealth if they find it too oppressive, leaving would mean returning to the state of nature, where there is no justice, and people are inconstant conflict. This is the worst outcome, as it results in constant selfdefense without order.  \nPart Three addresses the question of whether obedience to a sovereign authority is compatible with obedience to a divine authority. Hobbes argues that thereis no conflict between obeying civil laws and religious laws, but people are often misled into thinking there is because of the mistaken belief that God is present in the world. Hobbes maintains that the Kingdom of God exists outside the natural world, and no one can claim direct communication with or  \nrepresentation of God. Therefore, people in the commonwealth should not follow any religious authority. The only true power on Earth is the sovereign power. Hobbes also interprets scripture to argue that thereis no eternal soul or afterlife, and that true worship of God simply requires obeying civil laws and maintaining faith in Him.  \nIn Part Four, Hobbes describes the\"Kingdom of Darkness,\" which represents a life without the proper order and principles he advocates.  \nThis is not a religious \"hell,\" but rather a state of constant manipulation by others. Hobbes believes that the main causes of this spiritual darkness are the belief in God's presence on Earth and the philosophical ideas that support this belief. He particularly criticizes Aristotle's essentialism, which leads to the belief ","cbCaifzXUKC2GS4S","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifzXUKC2GS4S","pdf",79128,"English","# Overview\n## Four parts of Leviathan\n## Purpose of commonwealth and sovereignty\n## State of nature and conflict\n## Duties of citizens and obedience\n## Civil vs divine authority\n## Kingdom of Darkness\n## Relevance and critique","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of Leviathan according to the text?\",\"answer\":\"It aims to explain why a commonwealth can govern people and to find the best way for government to serve the needs of its people, centered on the necessity of sovereign rule.\"},{\"question\":\"How does Hobbes describe humans in the state of nature?\",\"answer\":\"Humans are reactive and constantly influenced by the world, producing unending desires that lead to conflict and war; in this state, people are equal in vulnerability, creating fear and anxiety.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book address obedience to civil versus divine authority?\",\"answer\":\"It argues there is no real conflict between civil laws and religious laws, but people are often misled; the sovereign power is the only true power on Earth, and worship is tied to obedience and faith.\"}]","Leviathan - Part 1 - Introduction | PDF",1789941832]