[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-492927-105":59,"doc-detail-492927-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","legal-terminology-for-law-student-contracts-formation-offer-acceptance-breach-and-remedies","LEGAL TERMINOLOGY FOR LAW STUDENT - Contracts - Formation, Offer & Acceptance, Breach and Remedies","","The notes define “contracts” in three legal senses: the parties’ acts expressing assent, the physical written instrument executed as proof of those acts, and the resulting legal relations between right-holders and duty-holders. They further explain a contract as an agreement enforceable at law and classify contracts as formal vs. informal, and unilateral vs. bilateral. Formation requirements include legal capacity and mutual assent through offer and acceptance, with offer termination and counter-offer distinctions. Breach is non-performance without justification, with damages, restitution, and specific performance as remedies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/legal-terminology-for-law-student-contracts-formation-offer-acceptance-breach-and-remedies/492927/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/legal-terminology-for-law-student-contracts-formation-offer-acceptance-breach-and-remedies/492927.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"8796093062539","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-08","2026-10-01",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are the three meanings of “contracts” in these notes?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Contracts denote (1) the parties’ acts expressing their assent, (2) a physical executed document serving as evidence, and (3) the legal relations produced by those acts, including rights in one party and duties in the other.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What are the legal requirements for forming a contract?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Law requires legal capacity and a manifestation of mutual assent. Mutual assent can be made through written or spoken words or through other acts or conduct, taking the form of an offer and an acceptance.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the notes explain termination of an offer and acceptance?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"An offer may be terminated by rejection, revocation, or the offeror’s death or insanity depriving legal capacity. If an offer is terminated this way, a contract cannot be created by subsequent acceptance; a reply that adds qualifications or conditions is a counter-offer, not an acceptance.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},492927,1791298282,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":66,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":11,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":142,"read_time":143,"preview_page_count":4},8796093062539,"LEGAL TERMINOLOGY FOR LAW STUDENT  \nBy  \nProf. Dr. Salah Eldin GamalEldin Faculty of Law and Jurisprudence  \nMember Of LCIA  \n2019/2020  \nContracts  \nThe term contracts is used to denote three different kinds of thing:  \n1. The series of acts of the parties expressing their assent.  \n2. A physical document executed by the parties as evidence of their having performed the necessary acts expressing their intentions.  \n3. The legal relations resulting from the acts of the parties, including the relation of right in one party and duty in the other.  \nDefinition:  \nA contract is an agreement enforced at law.  \nClassification Of Contracts  \nContracts may be classified in several ways:  \n1. Formal And Informal Contracts:  \nA formal contract is one, the legal operation of which is dependent upon the form in which it is made.  \nAn informal contract is one, the legal operation of  \nwhich does not depend upon the form in which it is made.  \nA contract under seal is a formal contract. It is expressed in a writing which is sealed and delivered by the promisor.  \n2. Unilateral And Bilateral Contracts:  \nA unilateral contract consists of a promise or group of promises made by one of the contracting parties only.  \nA bilateral contract consists of mutual promises, made in exchange for each other by each of the two contracting parties.  \nRequirements For Formation Of A Contract  \nFor the formation of a contract, law requires:  \n1. A legal capacity.  \n2. A manifestation of assent by the parties who form the contracts.  \nThe manifestation of mutual assent may be made by written or spoken words or by other acts or conduct. It takes the form of an offer by one party and an acceptance by the other party.  \nOffer: An offer may be made to a specified person or persons, or it may be made to the public.  \nAn offer may be terminated by:  \na) rejection by the offeree.  \nb) revocation by the offeror.  \nc) the offeror’s death or such insanity as deprives him of legal capacity to enter into the proposed contract.  \nWhere an offer is terminated in one of these ways a contract cannot be created by subsubsequed acceptance.  \nAcceptance: Acceptance of an offer is an expression of assent to the terms thereof made by theefferor.  \nA reply to an offer which adds qualifications or requires performance of conditions, is not an acceptance but is a counter-offer.  \nBreach Of Contract:  \nA breach of contract is a non-performance, without justification of any contractual duty.  \nA breach my be total or partial.  \nRemedies for breach of contract are:  \na) damages, meaning a sum of money awarded as compensation for injury caused by a breach of contract.  \nb) restitution, meaning the restoration of a specific thing.  \nc) specific performance, meaning the rendering of a promised performance.  \nDamages will be given for the net amount of the losses caused and gains prevented by the defendants breach.  \nDamages are not recoverable for harm that the plaintiff should have foreseen and could have avoided by reasonable effort.  \nContract  \nContractor  \nAgreement Promise  \nPromisor  \nPromisee Defendant Plaintiff Party Evidence  \nFormal contract Informal contract Unilateral contract Bilateral contract Legal capacity Assent Manifestation Offer  \nOfferor  \nOfferee Acceptance Qualification  \nعقد  \nمتعاقداتفاقالتزام – تعهدمتعهد – مدينمتعهد له – دائنمدعى عليه  \nمدعىطرؾإثبات – دليلعقد شكلىعقد ؼير شكلى  \nعقد ملزم لجانب واحدعقد ملزم لجانبينأهلية قانونيةرضا – موافقة  \nتعبيرإيجابموجبموجب لهقبول  \n- تكييؾ - صلاحية تعديل  \nCondition شرط  \nBreach إخلال  \nSanction جزاء  \nتعويض عن الضرر Damages رد – استرداد أو إعادة الشىء إلى أصله Restitution- تعويض رد – استرداد Restoration  \nSpecific معين – محدد  \nSpecific performance تنفيذ عينى  \nخسارة Loss  \nربح – كسب Gain  \nHarm ضرر  \nمزاد علنى Auction  \nعطاء فى مزاد أو مناقصة Bid مقدم العطاء Bidder  \nعمل أو فعل إيجابى Act  \nForbearance امتناع  \nالتزام أو تعهد مشترك Joint promise  \nCreditor دائن  \nالدائن المتعهد له Obligee مدين - أو ملتزم Obligor  \nAssignment","cbCaipnQJoLi9m40","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipnQJoLi9m40","pdf",724564,"English","# Contracts\n## Definition and Classification of Contracts\n## Requirements for Formation of a Contract\n## Offer, Acceptance, and Counter-offer\n## Breach of Contract and Remedies","[{\"question\":\"What are the three meanings of “contracts” in these notes?\",\"answer\":\"Contracts denote (1) the parties’ acts expressing their assent, (2) a physical executed document serving as evidence, and (3) the legal relations produced by those acts, including rights in one party and duties in the other.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the legal requirements for forming a contract?\",\"answer\":\"Law requires legal capacity and a manifestation of mutual assent. Mutual assent can be made through written or spoken words or through other acts or conduct, taking the form of an offer and an acceptance.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the notes explain termination of an offer and acceptance?\",\"answer\":\"An offer may be terminated by rejection, revocation, or the offeror’s death or insanity depriving legal capacity. If an offer is terminated this way, a contract cannot be created by subsequent acceptance; a reply that adds qualifications or conditions is a counter-offer, not an acceptance.\"}]","LEGAL TERMINOLOGY FOR LAW STUDENT - Contracts - Formation, Offer & Acceptance, Breach and Remedies | PDF",1790872422,227]