[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-318949-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-318949-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","lead-ias-daily-bulletin-25-october-2025","Lead IAS Daily Bulletin - 25 October 2025","","Daily bulletin dated 25 October 2025 covering multiple current-affairs and knowledge sections. It explains Rajya Sabha seat allocation for Jammu and Kashmir, including indirect election via proportional representation and six-year terms, plus a RBI draft on Tier-1 capital exposure limits to capital markets. It also discusses pending execution petitions in district courts, and provides concise learning notes on Soyabean cultivation in India and a general overview of mosquitoes, including a recent sighting in Iceland.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/lead-ias-daily-bulletin-25-october-2025/318949/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/lead-ias-daily-bulletin-25-october-2025/318949.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Ezra","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"How are Rajya Sabha members elected and what is their term length?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Rajya Sabha members are elected indirectly by elected State Legislative Assembly members using proportional representation with the single transferable vote method. Each member serves a six-year term, with one-third retiring every two years.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What is Tier-1 capital for banks and what does RBI’s draft circular propose?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Tier-1 capital is a bank’s core, permanent loss-absorbing capital, comprising core funds like equity and reserves. The draft proposes limiting banks’ total direct exposure to capital markets and acquisition financing to 20% of Tier-1 capital.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What is an execution petition in civil cases?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"An execution petition is a legal request filed to enforce an existing court decree or order. It does not re-examine the merits of the original case and is filed after a civil court passes a decree when the judgment debtor does not comply voluntarily.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},318949,1790246579,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":33,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":124,"preview_page_count":4},1099514068035,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","25 October 2025  \nRajya Sabha Seat Allocation  \nIn the elections to the Rajya Sabha seats from Jammu and Kashmir, the National Conference (NC) secured three seats, while the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won one seat  \no The Fourth Schedule of the Indian Constitution specifies how seats in the Rajya Sabha (RS) are allocated among the States and Union Territories.  \no Seats: Out of the total 250 seats, 238 members are elected from the States and Union Territories.  \no The remaining 12 members are nominated by the President for their contributions to literature, science, art, and social service.  \no Election: Members are elected indirectly by the elected members of the State Legislative Assemblies using the proportional representation system through the single transferable vote method.  \no Term: Each member serves for a six-year term, with onethird retiring every two years, ensuring continuity in the House.  \no The number of seats allotted to each state and union territory varies according to its population size. Larger states such as Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Bihar have more seats, while smaller States and Union Territories have fewer.  \no RS seat for Union Territories:  \no The Union Territories of Delhi, Puducherry, and Jammu & Kashmir have seats in the Rajya Sabha as they have their own legislatures.  \no Other Union Territories without legislatures, like Ladakh and Chandigarh, have no representation in the Rajya Sabha.  \nTier-1 Capital  \nThe Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued a draft circular proposing that banks cap their total direct exposure to capital markets and acquisition financing at 20% of their tier-1 capital.  \no Tier-1 Capital is a bank’s core capital, consisting of the most reliable and permanent funds used to absorb losses and protect depositors. It is the backbone of the bank’s financial strength.  \no Tier-1 Capital = Core capital (equity + reserves)  \no It includes:  \no Equity Share Capital – Capital raised by issuing shares to shareholders.  \no Share Premium–Amount received by the bank over the face value of shares.  \no Retained Earnings / Reserves – Profits retained in the bank instead of being distributed as dividends.  \no Non-cumulative, Non-redeemable Preference Shares (if allowed under regulations) .  \no Exclusions:  \no Revaluation reserves, intangible assets, and goodwill are not counted.  \no Tier-1 is considered loss-absorbing and permanent.  \no Importance:  \no Absorbs Losses: Protects depositors and maintains confidence.  \no Regulatory Compliance: Meets RBI/Basel minimum ratios.  \no Bank Stability: Helps withstand financial stress.  \no Lending Capacity: Higher capital enables safer lending.  \no Under Basel III norms, banks classify their capital into Tier-1 (core, permanent, loss-absorbing) and Tier-2 (supplementary, absorbs losses in liquidation), and use it as regulatory capital to maintain stability.  \no Tier 2 Capital:  \no Supports Tier-1 capital in absorbing losses only in the event of liquidation.  \no Components: Undisclosed reserves, revaluation reserves, general/loan-loss provisions, and subordinated debt (≥5 years maturity) .  \nExecution Petition  \nA Bench of Justices JB Pardiwala and Pankaj Mithal reviewed nationwide data and found that over 8.82 lakh execution petitions are pending in district courts.  \no An Execution Petition is a legal request filed in a court to enforce a decree or order already passed by the court. Essentially, it asks the court to ensure that the judgment is implemented.  \no Execution petitions do not review the case merits and focus only on enforcing the court’s decree.  \no When is it Filed?:  \no After a civil court passes a decree (money, property, or any other relief) .  \no If the judgment debtor fails to comply voluntarily.  \no Difference with other civil suits:  \n\n| Aspect | Execution Petition | Other Civil Suits |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Purpose | To enforce an existing court decree or order | To seek a new legal remedy or relief |\n| Merits of\u003Cbr>Case | Does n","cbCainGSPLDoUGS6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainGSPLDoUGS6","pdf",231627,"English","# Rajya Sabha Seat Allocation\n## Execution Petition\n# Tier-1 Capital and RBI Draft Circular\n# Soyabean Cultivation in India\n# Mosquito","[{\"question\":\"How are Rajya Sabha members elected and what is their term length?\",\"answer\":\"Rajya Sabha members are elected indirectly by elected State Legislative Assembly members using proportional representation with the single transferable vote method. Each member serves a six-year term, with one-third retiring every two years.\"},{\"question\":\"What is Tier-1 capital for banks and what does RBI’s draft circular propose?\",\"answer\":\"Tier-1 capital is a bank’s core, permanent loss-absorbing capital, comprising core funds like equity and reserves. The draft proposes limiting banks’ total direct exposure to capital markets and acquisition financing to 20% of Tier-1 capital.\"},{\"question\":\"What is an execution petition in civil cases?\",\"answer\":\"An execution petition is a legal request filed to enforce an existing court decree or order. It does not re-examine the merits of the original case and is filed after a civil court passes a decree when the judgment debtor does not comply voluntarily.\"}]","Lead IAS Daily Bulletin - 25 October 2025 | PDF",1789941547]