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Based on immunotherapy and targeted-therapy effectiveness seen in small cell lung cancer, this case report describes an elderly woman with multiple metastatic advanced ENEC treated with tislelizumab plus anlotinib as second-line therapy. The patient achieved complete remission, received 21 treatment cycles, showed a marked neuron-specific enolase decline after two cycles, and maintained normal levels with no obvious side effects. Progression-free survival was 16 months and overall survival was 21 months, supporting a potential novel therapeutic option.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/late-stage-esophageal-neuroendocrine-carcinoma-in-a-patient-treated-with-tislelizumab-combined-with-anlotinib-a-case-report/382652/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/late-stage-esophageal-neuroendocrine-carcinoma-in-a-patient-treated-with-tislelizumab-combined-with-anlotinib-a-case-report/382652.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Taylor Morgan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is second-line treatment for advanced esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma challenging?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"ENEC is extremely rare, so standard management and prognostic factors are not well established, and clear second-line options are lacking. The paper notes no determined optimal second-line strategy for NEC.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What therapy combination was used in this case report?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The patient received tislelizumab combined with anlotinib as second-line therapy. The report states this achieved complete remission in a short period and long-term survival.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What outcomes and safety results were reported during treatment?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"After two cycles, neuron-specific enolase decreased substantially and stayed within normal levels throughout treatment. Progression-free survival was 16 months and overall survival was 21 months, with no obvious side effects observed.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},382652,1790743150,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},1099523885336,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Late-stage esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma in a patient treated with tislelizumab combined with anlotinib: a case report  \nYanqi Zhang 1,* , Xiaoyu Liu 1,*,  \nHonglu Liang2, Weihua Liu3, Haiyan Wang4 and Tao Li 1   \nJournal of International Medical Research 2023, Vol. 51(7) 1–9! The Author(s) 2023 Article reuse guidelines:  \n[sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/03000605231187942](DOI: 10.1177/03000605231187942)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/03000605231187942)[journals.sagepub.com/home/imr](journals.sagepub.com/home/imr)  \nAbstract  \nEsophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma (ENEC) is an extremely rare tumor with highly malignant potential, rapid growth, and a poor prognosis. Advanced extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma should be treated with chemotherapeutic regimens suitable for small cell lung cancer. However, ENEC has no clear second-line treatment options. The clinical application of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in small cell lung cancer has produced good therapeutic effects. We describe the case of an elderly woman with multiple metastatic advanced ENEC treated with tislelizumab combined with anlotinib as second-line therapy, achieving complete remission in a short period and long-term survival. In total, 21 cycles of tislelizumab combined with anlotinib were given to this patient. After two cycles, the patient’s neuron-specific enolase level decreased from 181.8 to 22.9mg/L and remained at normal levels throughout treatment. Progression-free survival and overall survival were 16 and 21 months, respectively, in this patient. No obvious side effects were observed. Thus, tislelizumab and anlotinib could represent a novel therapeutic option for advanced ENEC.  \n1 Department of Oncology, Dezhou People’s Hospital (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital), 1166 Dongfanghong West Road, Dezhou, P.R. China 2Department of Radiotherapy, Dezhou People’s Hospital (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital), 1166 Dongfanghong West Road, Dezhou, P.R. China 3Department of Gastroenterology, Dezhou People’s Hospital (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital), 1166 Dongfanghong West Road, Dezhou,  \nP. R. China  \n4Department of Infectious Diseases, Dezhou People’s Hospital (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital), 1166 Dongfanghong West Road, Dezhou, P. R. China  \n*These authors contributed equally to this work. Corresponding author:  \nTao Li, Department of Oncology, Dezhou People’s Hospital (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital), 1166 Dongfanghong West Road, Dezhou 253000, P. R. China.  \nEmail: [dzrmyyzlk0392@163.com](dzrmyyzlk0392@163.com)  \nCreative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative  \nCommons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ([https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage](https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage)).  \nKeywords  \nTislelizumab, anlotinib, esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, case report, chemotherapy, small cell lung cancer  \nDate received: 7 February 2023; accepted: 12 June 2023  \nIntroduction  \nEsophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma (ENEC) is an extremely rare tumor first reported by Mckeown in 1952 with highly malignant potential, rapid growth, and a poor prognosis.1–2 More than 90% of esophageal cancers (ECs) are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), whereas ENEC accounts for only 0 .05% to 2 .4% of cases.3 Standard management and prognostic factors for ENEC have not been established because of the small number of cases and its poor prognosis.  \nENEC mainly includes small cell and large cel","cbCaivFfawcbRDcm","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivFfawcbRDcm","pdf",947963,"English","# Abstract\n## Introduction\n## Case presentation","[{\"question\":\"Why is second-line treatment for advanced esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma challenging?\",\"answer\":\"ENEC is extremely rare, so standard management and prognostic factors are not well established, and clear second-line options are lacking. The paper notes no determined optimal second-line strategy for NEC.\"},{\"question\":\"What therapy combination was used in this case report?\",\"answer\":\"The patient received tislelizumab combined with anlotinib as second-line therapy. The report states this achieved complete remission in a short period and long-term survival.\"},{\"question\":\"What outcomes and safety results were reported during treatment?\",\"answer\":\"After two cycles, neuron-specific enolase decreased substantially and stayed within normal levels throughout treatment. Progression-free survival was 16 months and overall survival was 21 months, with no obvious side effects observed.\"}]","Late-stage esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma in a patient treated with tislelizumab combined with anlotinib - a case report | PDF",1790251518,23]