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Adjusted analyses show increased late-diagnosis risk with older age and migrant status, including a 2.6-fold higher proportion among migrants with pre-migration HIV acquisition than post-migration acquisition. The 2025 target of \u003C20% late diagnosis was not achieved, and late-diagnosed migrants were often women, those aged ≥50, heterosexuals, and people who inject drugs.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/late-hiv-diagnosis-trends-risk-factors-and-progress-toward-the-2025-target-of-20-late-diagnosis-in-23-eueea-countries-rapid-communication/469982/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/late-hiv-diagnosis-trends-risk-factors-and-progress-toward-the-2025-target-of-20-late-diagnosis-in-23-eueea-countries-rapid-communication/469982.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"pixelkiddo","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How is “late HIV diagnosis” defined in the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Late diagnosis is defined as a CD4+ T cell count \u003C350 cells/mm3 or an AIDS-defining event within 6 months of HIV diagnosis, unless there is evidence of recent infection.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What proportion of new HIV diagnoses were late in 2022–2024?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"In 23 EU/EEA countries, 14,153 of 28,521 new HIV diagnoses (49.6%) were late across 2022–2024.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which groups showed higher risk of late HIV diagnosis?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Adjusted analyses indicate that older age and migrant status increase late-diagnosis risk. 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European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden  \n2. Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy  \n3. The members of the EU/EEA HIV network are listed in the Acknowledgements section at the end of the article.  \n* These authors contributed equally to this work.  \nCorrespondence: Juliana Reyes-Urueña (juliana.reyes@ecdc.europa.eu)  \nCitation style for this article:  \nReyes-Urueña Juliana, Stoppa Giorgia, Pizzolato Federica, Marrone Gaetano, Hansson Disa, on behalf of the EU/EEA HIV network. Late HIV diagnosis: trends, risk factors, and progress toward the 2025 target of \u003C20% late diagnosis in 23 EU/EEA countries, 2022 to 2024. Euro Surveill. 2025;30(47):pii=2500855. [https://doi](https://doi). org/10.2807/1560-7917. ES.2025.30.47.2500855  \nArticle received on 12 Nov 2025 / Accepted on 27 Nov 2025 / Published on 27 Nov 2025  \nIn 2022–2024, 14,153 of 28,521 (49.6%) new HIV diagnoses in 23 European Union and Economic Area (EU/ EEA) countries were late. In adjusted analyses, older age and migrant status increased late diagnosis risk. The proportion of late diagnoses was 2.6-fold higher among migrants with pre-migration HIV acquisition than post-migration. Late-diagnosed migrants with likely post-migration HIV acquisition were often women, ≥ 50-year-olds, heterosexuals, people who inject drugs, or from South and South-East Asia. The 2025 target of \u003C 20% late diagnosis was unachieved.  \nThe elimination of HIV as a public health threat is assessed with several indicators and defined targets [1] . One of these targets is that the proportion of new diagnoses made at a late stage should be \u003C 20% by 2025 [1] . To characterise late diagnoses in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) and assess the status toward the target there, as well as to identify risk factors for late diagnosis, we used 2022–2024 data on new HIV diagnoses in the EU/EEA.  \nPeople diagnosed with HIV at a late stage  \nBetween 2022 and 2024, 75,156 HIV diagnoses were reported by 30 EU/EEA countries to the European Surveillance System (TESSy). Seven countries were excluded from the analysis as they could not differentiate new diagnoses from previously known positive diagnoses, or because most reported diagnoses were already known positive (n = 22,133). In the 23 remaining countries, we then excluded all previously known positive diagnoses (n = 11,400) and all cases with unknown status on whether the diagnosis was new or previously known (n = 4,318). This resulted in 37,305 diagnoses. We then also excluded diagnoses with unknown CD4+ T  \ncell count or AIDS status (n = 8,426), and, due to small numbers, transgender cases and cases of unknown sex (n = 358), resulting in 28,521 cases included in our analyses. Children younger than 15 were excluded from the entire analysis.  \nLate diagnosis is defined as a CD4+ T cell count \u003C 350 cells/mm3 or an AIDS-defining event within 6 months of HIV diagnosis, unless there is evidence of recent infection [2] . For guiding targeted and equity-focused HIV testing, as well as policy and actions to meet the target and prevent HIV, we described people diagnosed with HIV according to sociodemographic and epidemiological characteristics, stratifying them by non-late or late diagnosis. This is presented in Table 1.  \nMoreover, to assess the situation in the 23 EU/EEA countries regarding the target of \u003C20% late diagnosis by 2025, we derived overall and annual proportions of late diagnoses between 2022 and 2024, relative, respectively, to the total diagnoses in this period and in each of i","cbCaiulCACWvA9Tl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiulCACWvA9Tl","pdf",303079,"English","# Background and target\n## Definition of late diagnosis\n# Study data and case inclusion\n## Data sources and exclusions\n# Findings: late diagnosis proportions\n## Overall and annual trends (2022–2024)\n# Risk factors analysis\n## Regression model and predictors","[{\"question\":\"How is “late HIV diagnosis” defined in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Late diagnosis is defined as a CD4+ T cell count \\u003c350 cells/mm3 or an AIDS-defining event within 6 months of HIV diagnosis, unless there is evidence of recent infection.\"},{\"question\":\"What proportion of new HIV diagnoses were late in 2022–2024?\",\"answer\":\"In 23 EU/EEA countries, 14,153 of 28,521 new HIV diagnoses (49.6%) were late across 2022–2024.\"},{\"question\":\"Which groups showed higher risk of late HIV diagnosis?\",\"answer\":\"Adjusted analyses indicate that older age and migrant status increase late-diagnosis risk. Late-diagnosed migrants with likely post-migration HIV acquisition were often women, people aged ≥50, heterosexuals, people who inject drugs, and from South and South-East Asia.\"}]","Late HIV diagnosis: trends, risk factors, and progress toward the 2025 target of \u003C20% late diagnosis in 23 EU/EEA countries - Rapid communication | PDF",1790776529]