[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-429820-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-429820-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","lata-library-vol-xxxiii-no-23-a-lesson-in-involvement","LATA LIBRARY - Vol. XXXIII - No. 23 - A Lesson in Involvement","","LATA LIBRARY第XXXIII卷第23期刊载文章“A LESSON IN INVOLVEMENT”，作者威廉·P·邦迪以美国务院东亚与太平洋事务助理国务卿的身份，于1967年8月15日在马里兰大学向全国大学生协会发表演讲。内容回顾美国自1945年以来对越南相关行动的关键决策路径：从法国在印度支那的控制与协议，到1946年后法方背约引发冲突；并讨论美国在马歇尔计划介入时间、法国态度限制，以及越南自身诉求与判断对局势形成的作用。",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/story-novel/","Story & 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cents per copy  \u003Cbr>$8.00 A YEAR   |\n| --- |\n\nBy William P.Bundy  \nThe Path To Vietnam  \nA LESSON IN INVOLVEMENTAss't Sec'y.of State,East Asian and Pacific Affairs—Page 706Guns,ButterBy Wayne Morse  \nMUST WE CHOOSE?Senator from Oregon—Page 714  \nVietnamBy Marriner S.EcclesITS EFFECT ON THE NATIONFormer Gov.,Federal Reserve Board—Page 717  \nLow Income ProgramsBy Edward W.BrookeWHERE IS THE HOUSING?Senator from Massachusetts—Page 719  \nALobby For Tax ReformBy Henry S.Reuss50 MILLION AMERICANSCongressman from Wisconsin—Page 722  \nThe United NationsByUThantTHE HUMAN FACTORSecretary-General,United Nations—Page 724  \nThe U.N.And Red ChinaBy George RomneyCOMMUNICATIONS AND UNDERSTANDINGGovernor of Michigan—Page 727  \nUnity InAUniversityBy Charles M.Allen  \nTHE TWo CULTURESProf.,Biology,Wake Forrest University—Page 730Facts About FHABy Robert C.WeaverLOW INCOME HOUSINGSec'y.,Dept.of Housing and Urban Development—Page 734IMPARTIALCONSTRUCTIVEAUTHENTICTHE BEST THOUGHT OFTHEBEST MINDSON  (CURRENT NATIONAL QUESTIONS  \n# A LESSON IN INVOLVEMENT\n\nBy THE HONORABLE WILLIAM P.BUNDY,Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific AffairsDeliwered before the National Student Association,University of Maryland,College Park,Maryland,August 15,1967  \nOur first decisions affecting Viet-Nam were in 1945.Presi-dent Roosevelt deeply believed that French colonial control inIndochina should not be restored,and this attitude led us,inthe closing months of the war against militarist Japan,toadopt what the French have always considered an obstructiveattitude toward their return.Separately,we briefly gave modestassistance to Ho Chi Minh as an asset against the Japanese.This story,like so much else in the whole record,is best toldin Robert Shaplen's thoughtful \"The Lost Revolution.”  \nYOU HAVE ASKED me to speak this morning on thetopic:\"The Path to Viet-Nam:A Lesson in Involve-ment.\"I welcome this opportunity to review the wholehistory of United States actions with respect to Viet-Nam—speaking personally as to the period up to 1961,during whichI had no policy responsibility,and of course necessarily moreofficially for the period since January of 1961.  \nQuite apart from the enormous present importance ofSouth Viet-Nam and our actions there,I have often reflected—as one who was tempted to become a professional historian—that the story of Viet-Nam,of Southeast Asia,and of Ameri-can policy there forms an extraordinarily broad case historyinvolving almost all the major problems that have affected theworld as a whole in the past 25 years.For the strands of theViet-Nam history include the characteristics of French colonialcontrol compared to colonial control elsewhere,the end of thecolonial period,the inter-relation and competition of na-tionalism and Communism,our relation to the Soviet Unionand Communist China and their relationships with each other,our relation to the European colonial power—France,and—atleast since 1954—the relation of Viet-Nam to the wider ques-tion of national independence and self-determination in South-east Asia and indeed throughout Asia.  \nSecond,when the French had returned,we stood aside.Inthe critical year 1946,and over the next 3-4 years,the Frenchfirst made the Fontainebleau Agreement and then broke it sothat major conflict started.It has often been argued,by Shap-len among others,that we could have exerted greater pressure,perhaps even effective pressure,on the French to go throughwith the Fontainebleau Agreement and to set Viet-Nam on thepath to early independence.The failure to exert such pressuremay thus be construed as a negative policy decision on ourpart.  \nI myself am skeptical that we could conceivably have affectedthe unfortunate course that the French followed in this period.If it is argued that our overwhelming Marshall Plan aid toFrance should have given us leverage,then it must be pointedout at the same time that th","cbCaigHxNhi4jmQp","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigHxNhi4jmQp","pdf",2545281,32,"English","# A LESSON IN INVOLVEMENT\n## The Road to Vietnam: lessons in involvement\n## Early U.S. decisions since 1945\n## French return, the Fontainebleau Agreement, and conflict\n## Limits of U.S. leverage and French attitudes\n## Focusing on American policy role","[{\"question\":\"作者在演讲中如何界定“越南之路”的主题与视角？\",\"answer\":\"作者将主题概括为“通往越南之路：一种参与的教训”，并说明自己会从1945年后回顾美国行动，同时区分1961年前个人无政策责任、以及1961年1月后的官方责任。\"},{\"question\":\"文中提到美国与法国在1946年前后的关键转折是什么？\",\"answer\":\"当法国返回后，美国在关键的1946年以及之后3到4年里采取“站在一旁”的态度。法方先提出并达成枫丹白露协议，随后又打破协议，进而引发主要冲突。\"},{\"question\":\"作者认为美国是否可能通过更强施压改变法国在印度支那的走向？\",\"answer\":\"作者表示怀疑美国能够影响法国在该阶段的不幸进程。即便有人认为马歇尔计划对法方应提供杠杆，作者指出计划在1948年初才开始发挥作用，而且法国的傲慢与受伤情绪可能使其无论如何都难以回应美国的努力。\"}]","LATA LIBRARY - Vol. XXXIII - No. 23 - A Lesson in Involvement | PDF",1790651280,49]