[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-602665-105":59,"doc-detail-602665-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","lasting-effects-of-creating-classroom-space-a-study-of-teacher-behavior","Lasting Effects of Creating Classroom Space - A Study of Teacher Behavior","","Research examines how classroom open floor space correlates with student test performance and outlines four trends that have reduced open space: storing CCSS materials and science kits in classrooms, and limitations on removing unwanted materials or unneeded furniture. Teachers respond by frequently rearranging desks, planning daily space use, using hallways and libraries to expand student areas, and reducing readily available materials. Additional changes include replacing models with tall bookcases and shrinking interest/exploration centers, requiring administrator systems for disposing unwanted materials.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/lasting-effects-of-creating-classroom-space-a-study-of-teacher-behavior/602665/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/lasting-effects-of-creating-classroom-space-a-study-of-teacher-behavior/602665.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dabgoudw","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Which factors have recently reduced open floor space in classrooms?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study identifies storage of CCSS materials and science kits in classrooms, along with inability to remove unwanted materials and inability to remove unneeded furniture.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do teachers typically respond when classroom open space is reduced?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Teachers rearrange desks to create activity-specific spaces, incorporate space use into daily planning, use hallways and the library to increase student area, and reduce materials available for student use.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What role do fixed architecture elements play in classroom arrangement?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Fixed features such as doors, emergency exits, HVAC systems, permanent storage, sinks, outlets, wall-mounted smart boards, and ceiling projectors limit furniture placement and reduce flexibility, shaping how desks and other movable furniture can be organized.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},602665,1792209989,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":41},3985747860484,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Lasting Effects of Creating Classroom Space: A Study of Teacher Behavior  \nEdward Duncanson  \nABSTRACT  \nResearch has shown that rooms with greater amounts of open floor space have higher test results. Four recent trends that have negatively impacted open space in classrooms: (1) storage of CCSS materials in the classroom,(2) storage of science kits in the classroom,(3) inability to remove unwanted material, and (4) inability to remove unneeded furniture from the classroom. Teachers have reacted to the loss of classroom space: (1) desks are rearranged frequently to create specific spaces needed for an activity; (2) daily planning considers the use of space; (3) hallways and the library are used to increase student space;(4) the amount of materials readily available for student use have been reduced. (5) tall book cases have replaced horizontal models; (6) the size of interest/exploration centers had decreased. Administrators need to create a system to dispose of unwanted materials. The center for school improvement resides in the classroom.  \nThe ability to simplify means to eliminate the unnecessary so that the necessary can speak.  \nDavid Henry Thoreau, 1817 – 1862  \nINTRODUCTION  \nClassroom spaces may not be meeting the needs of small children (Tanner, 2000) . Adults look at rooms vertically while ‘rug-rats’ look at and use floor space horizontally. Planning classrooms for use by children tends to be ignored even while new curricula, testing, and accountability are being put in place (Jarman, 2008; NRC, 2000; Sommer, 1977). But that is changing. Researchers are beginning to focus on classroom environment as an important component of the education system. As Achilles (1999) stated,“One place to start observing classrooms is to consider space, space use, and the environment or context of the teaching-learning process”(p. 38) .  \nA greater amount of attention must to be paid to the arrangement of a classroom and how it evolves (Lowe, 1990; Sargent, 1991; Weinstein, 1992) . Lacking adequate instruction in teacher preparation programs, teachers copy the structural mistakes they see in other classrooms (Tanner, 2000) .  \nOpen space changes classroom dynamics. Teachers who have reduced the amount of material and furniture in their classroom to open floor space have recognized the benefits. Adding just 80 square feet of open space provides benefits for students: extra books permit students to read for fun; students find materials on their own; organizational improvement by the teacher is copied by students; students find a space to read by themselves or with a partner; and distractions lessen when distance between students increases (Duncanson, Volpe, & Achilles, 2009). Researchers are beginning to understand: “The center for school improvement resides in the classroom.”  \nEducational Planning 29 Vol. 21, No. 3  \nResearch reported in 2012 by the author offered the position that elementary classrooms typically are used as a branch of the school library. Therefore it makes sense to design classrooms after considering the space recommendations for libraries. Using that criteria, a standard 850 square foot classroom would need to be 300 square feet larger to address the education needs of young children (Connecticut State Library, 2002; Duncanson, Tanner, & Achilles, 2012) .  \nWhile bigger classrooms are needed, teachers are faced with a growing storage problem. Boxes of materials and bookcases full of instructions connected to new programs are being stored in classrooms. This situation makes it more difficult for teachers to maintain space they know is important to students. William McInerney commented,“But the classrooms are already there. Teachers can’t make them bigger. What can they do?”(personal communication, October 10, 2012) . That query became a focus for this investigation.  \nClassroom Architecture  \nClassrooms start out as empty spaces but soon change. Each room is the total of the fixed architecture and the moveable furnit","cbCaioSz4hUqRcS2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioSz4hUqRcS2","pdf",187226,12,"English","# Abstract\n## Research basis for open classroom space\n## Teacher responses to reduced space\n## Classroom architecture and planning\n## Student-selected learning space","[{\"question\":\"Which factors have recently reduced open floor space in classrooms?\",\"answer\":\"The study identifies storage of CCSS materials and science kits in classrooms, along with inability to remove unwanted materials and inability to remove unneeded furniture.\"},{\"question\":\"How do teachers typically respond when classroom open space is reduced?\",\"answer\":\"Teachers rearrange desks to create activity-specific spaces, incorporate space use into daily planning, use hallways and the library to increase student area, and reduce materials available for student use.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do fixed architecture elements play in classroom arrangement?\",\"answer\":\"Fixed features such as doors, emergency exits, HVAC systems, permanent storage, sinks, outlets, wall-mounted smart boards, and ceiling projectors limit furniture placement and reduce flexibility, shaping how desks and other movable furniture can be organized.\"}]","Lasting Effects of Creating Classroom Space - A Study of Teacher Behavior | PDF",1792095048]