[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-31526":3,"doc-seo-31526":27},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"file_id":15,"file_url":16,"file_type":17,"file_size":18,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":19,"is_downloadable":19,"audit_status":19,"page_count":20,"language":21,"language_code":22,"table_of_contents":23,"faqs":24,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":25,"read_time":26},31526,13056703019404,"Miles","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","Large-Scale Integrated Space-to-Ground Quantum Communication Network","Large-scale integrated space-to-ground quantum communication network links four metropolitan fibre QMANs (Beijing, Jinan, Shanghai and Hefei) with a long-distance fibre backbone and two satellite–ground links connecting Xinglong and Nanshan. The architecture uses user nodes, all-pass optical switches and trusted relays, with each QMAN containing all three node types. The fibre backbone serves 150+ users with 700 QKD links across 2,000 km, while satellite–ground design increases clock rate and applies efficient QKD protocols to sustain key rates of 47.8 kbps and extend QKD distance to 2,000 km.","cbCaibFR0SYTZ6Ki","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibFR0SYTZ6Ki","pdf",5605776,1,19,"English","en","# Network architecture\n## Metropolitan fibre QMAN topology\n# Performance and key-rate results\n## Fibre backbone scale and coverage\n## Satellite–ground link enhancements\n# Secure transmission workflow\n## Layered network administration\n# Integration and attack resistance","[{\"question\":\"How is the integrated space-to-ground quantum network structured?\",\"answer\":\"The network combines four metropolitan fibre QMANs, a long-distance fibre backbone and two satellite–ground links. It includes user nodes, all-pass optical switches and trusted relays, with each QMAN containing all three node types.\"},{\"question\":\"What scale and performance does the fibre backbone achieve?\",\"answer\":\"The fibre network serves more than 150 users, contains about 700 QKD fibre links and covers roughly 2,000 km. The work investigates topology trade-offs across cost, security and performance parameters.\"},{\"question\":\"What improvements enable higher satellite–ground QKD key rates and longer distances?\",\"answer\":\"Hardware optimizes the ground receiver optical systems and increases the QKD clock rate, while software applies a more efficient QKD protocol. These changes maintain a key rate of 47.8 kbps and extend the satellite–ground QKD distance from about 1,200 km to 2,000 km.\"}]",1779656555,48,{"code":4,"msg":28,"data":29},"ok",{"site_id":30,"language":22,"slug":31,"title":13,"keywords":32,"description":14,"schema_data":33,"social_meta":84,"head_meta":86,"extra_data":88,"updated_unix":25},105,"large-scale-integrated-space-to-ground-quantum-communication-network","",{"@graph":34,"@context":83},[35,52,66],{"@type":36,"itemListElement":37},"BreadcrumbList",[38,42,46,49],{"item":39,"name":40,"@type":41,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":43,"name":44,"@type":41,"position":45},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":41,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":41,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/large-scale-integrated-space-to-ground-quantum-communication-network/31526/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":60,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":61,"interactionStatistic":62},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":39,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-05-24",true,{"@type":63,"interactionType":64,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":65},"ViewAction",{"@type":67,"mainEntity":68},"FAQPage",[69,75,79],{"name":70,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":72},"How is the integrated space-to-ground quantum network structured?","Question",{"text":73,"@type":74},"The network combines four metropolitan fibre QMANs, a long-distance fibre backbone and two satellite–ground links. It includes user nodes, all-pass optical switches and trusted relays, with each QMAN containing all three node types.","Answer",{"name":76,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":77},"What scale and performance does the fibre backbone achieve?",{"text":78,"@type":74},"The fibre network serves more than 150 users, contains about 700 QKD fibre links and covers roughly 2,000 km. The work investigates topology trade-offs across cost, security and performance parameters.",{"name":80,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":81},"What improvements enable higher satellite–ground QKD key rates and longer distances?",{"text":82,"@type":74},"Hardware optimizes the ground receiver optical systems and increases the QKD clock rate, while software applies a more efficient QKD protocol. These changes maintain a key rate of 47.8 kbps and extend the satellite–ground QKD distance from about 1,200 km to 2,000 km.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":85,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":87,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":30}]