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The study examines an older adult with mild cognitive impairment in long-term care as Alise narrates a life fragment over time. Using microgenetic analysis across a two-month period, the research tests whether languaging restores cognitive functioning. Results show languaging mediates improved recall, with increasing syntactic and lexical sophistication, evidencing cognitive change.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/languaging-as-agent-and-constituent-of-cognitive-change-in-an-older-adult-an-example/596486/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/languaging-as-agent-and-constituent-of-cognitive-change-in-an-older-adult-an-example/596486.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Alexandar","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-20","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the study define as “languaging”?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"“Languaging” refers to mediating cognitively complex ideas through language, treating language production as an active process.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What is the research setting and participant focus?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The research follows an older adult with mild cognitive impairment living in a long-term care facility, focusing on Alise’s narration of a life fragment over time.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do the researchers analyze cognitive change?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"They use a microgenetic analysis of the narrative fragment revisited across a two-month period to track changes in recall and language use.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},596486,1792492909,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090768658,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Languaging as Agent and Constituent of Cognitive Change in an Older  \nAdult: An Example 1  \nMerrill Swain  \nThe Ontario Institute for Studies in Education  \nUniversity of Toronto  \nSharon Lapkin  \nThe Ontario Institute for Studies in Education  \nUniversity of Toronto  \nAbstract  \nVygotsky’s writings have established the critical importance of language in the development of higher mental functions, including memory and attention. One of the processes involved in this development is languaging, the activity of mediating cognitively complex ideas using language (Swain, 2006) . The present study of an older adult with mild cognitive impairment living in a long-term care facility involves Alise (the resident) narrating a fragment of her life over time. We investigate the hypothesis that languaging restores aspects of cognitive functioning through a microgenetic analysis of this fragment which was revisited over a two-month period. We demonstrate that languaging mediates Alise’s ability to recall details of this fragment of the life history she is recounting with increasing syntactic and lexical sophistication, thus documenting cognitive change.  \nRésumé  \nLes écrits de Vygotsky ont établi l'importance critique de la langue dans le développement des fonctions mentales supérieures, y compris la mémoire et l'attention. L'un des processus impliqués dans ce développement est le « languaging » (mise en mots), l'activité demédiation cognitive des idées complexes à l’aide de la langue (Swain, 2006) . La présente étude d'une personne âgée atteinte de troubles cognitifs légers et vivant dans un établissement de soins de longue durée porte sur Alise (la résidente) qui raconte, au cours d’une période de temps, un fragment de sa vie. Nous enquêtons sur l'hypothèse selon laquelle le « languaging » restaure des aspects du fonctionnement cognitif et ce, par le biais d’une analyse microgénétique de ce fragment qui a été revu au cours d’une période de deux mois. Nous démontrons que le « languaging » médiatise la capacité d'Alise de se souvenir des détails de ce fragment de l'histoire de sa vie qu’elle raconte avec une sophistication syntaxique et lexicale croissante, documentant ainsi des changements cognitifs.  \n1 This research was made possible by a grant to Merrill Swain and Sharon Lapkin from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (\\#410-04-2099). We are grateful to the staff of the facility, Magnolia Place, and to Alise, our participant.  \nCanadian Journal of Applied Linguistics: 14, 1 (2011): 104-117  \nLanguaging as Agent and Constituent of Cognitive Change in an Older Adult: An  \nExample  \nIntroduction  \nAmong older adults, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is estimated to characterize approximately 15% of those who do not already have some form of dementia (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease) . From studies around the world, the rates of MCI converge in the 14% to 18% range for persons aged 70 years and older (Petersen, Roberts, Knopman, Boeve, Geda, Ivnik, Smith, & Janck, 2009) . Only a small percentage of these individuals progress to becoming an Alzheimer’s patient. In this study, our goal was to locate older adults who were on the verge of MCI, or who were already mildly cognitively impaired, in order to implement a “languaging” intervention.  \nRationale for the Study  \n“Languaging” is the term we have been using to refer to the activity of mediating cognitively complex ideas using language (see, for example, Knouzi, Swain, Lapkin, & Brooks, 2010; Swain, 2006; 2010; Swain, Lapkin, Knouzi, Suzuki, & Brooks, 2009) . The term languaging characterizes language as a process (verb) rather than a product (noun) . The term suggests that speaking and writing are themselves language production activities that mediate remembering, attending, and other aspects of higher mental functioning. In other words, as we talk or write, our attention is focused on certain objects or ideas and not others; we create artifacts that we can refer back t","cbCaia80bYVWm04l","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaia80bYVWm04l","pdf",146411,14,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Rationale for the Study","[{\"question\":\"What does the study define as “languaging”?\",\"answer\":\"“Languaging” refers to mediating cognitively complex ideas through language, treating language production as an active process.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the research setting and participant focus?\",\"answer\":\"The research follows an older adult with mild cognitive impairment living in a long-term care facility, focusing on Alise’s narration of a life fragment over time.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the researchers analyze cognitive change?\",\"answer\":\"They use a microgenetic analysis of the narrative fragment revisited across a two-month period to track changes in recall and language use.\"}]","Languaging as Agent and Constituent of Cognitive Change in an Older Adult - An Example | PDF",1792083168,35]