[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-86619-en":3,"doc-seo-86619-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},86619,16904993612988,"Olivia Brown","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd",8,"Research & Report","Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 improves glycemia and reduces diabetes-induced organ injury in db/db mice","Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia and multiple comorbidities, including liver, kidney, and nervous system dysfunction, alongside frequent microbiota alterations. Using a db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes, the study evaluates Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2, including metabolomics of liver tissue, RNA-seq with qRT-PCR validation, and hepatocyte lipid testing with extracellular vesicles. Treatment improves glycemic levels and reduces diabetes-related pancreatic, liver, and kidney injury, with biomarker signatures implicating vitamin K pathway modulation, increased FGF21, and shifts in circadian genes.","Journal of Endocrinology (2025) 267 e250184  \n[https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-25-0184](https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-25-0184)  \nRESEARCH  \nReceived 12 May 2025  \nAccepted 30 September 2025 Available online 3 October 2025  \nVersion of Record published 21 October 2025  \n\n| Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 improves glycemia and reduces diabetes-induced organ injury in the db/db mice model\u003Cbr>Monica F Torrez Lamberti􀀁1, Sharon Thompson1, Natalie A Harrison1, Christopher L Gardner1, Danilo R da Silva1, Leandro D Teixeira1, Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi1,2, Claudio F Gonzalez1, Sasanka S Chukkapalli3,4 and Graciela L Lorca􀀁1\u003Cbr>1Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA\u003Cbr>2Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute (BRIC-NABI), S. A. S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India\u003Cbr>3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA\u003Cbr>4Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA\u003Cbr>Correspondence should be addressed to G L Lorca: glorca@ufl.edu |\n| --- |\n| Abstract\u003Cbr>Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and the associated comorbidities. Type 2 diabetes is also associated with the dysfunction of liver, kidney and nervous system. In addition, an altered microbiota is frequently observed in subjects with type 2 diabetes. In this study, a db/db (diabetic) mouse model of type 2 diabetes was used to elucidate the beneficial effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 . To evaluate metabolic effects, we performed metabolomics on liver samples, and RNA-seq from the liver and visceral adipose tissue, followed by qRT-PCR validation. Using L. johnsonii N6.2 extracellular vesicles, we evaluated lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Finally, the gut microbiome of db/db mice was profiled using 16S rRNA sequencing. We observed that administration of the probiotic improved glycemic levels and decreased diabetes scores and type 2 diabetes-associated injury to the pancreas, liver and kidneys. Liver metabolomic and transcriptome analyses identified biomarkers of L. johnsonii N6.2 activity, including modulation of the vitamin K pathway, upregulation of FGF21, a key regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, and alternations in selected circadian genes. This study elucidates the beneficial effects of L. johnsonii N6.2, against the common symptoms of type 2 diabetes, highlighting its potential as an adjuvant therapeutic agent.\u003Cbr>Keywords: Lactobacillus johnsonii N6 . 2; probiotics; db/db mice; diabetes type 2; human HepG2 cell line; extracellular vesicles |\n\nIntroduction  \nDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder that branches into two main types, diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1D) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2D) . According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 38.4 million people have diabetes in the United States (11.6%), and a total of 97.6 million people aged 18 years or older have prediabetes (38% of the adult US population) (1). The main symptom of diabetes is hyperglycemia; however, broader impacts are linked to the associated  \ncomorbidities, such as vascular and non-vascular complications in both T1D and T2D (2) . T2D is also associated with increased occurrence of cancer, infections, liver disease, mental and nervous system disorders, coronary heart disease and strokes (3) . Obesity is among the risk factors for developing T2D, with one-third of obese individuals developing T2D (4) . According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of obesity has increased to 1 in 8 worldwide,  \nPublished by Bioscientifica Ltd.  \n[https://joe.bioscienti](https://joe.bioscienti)fi[ca.com](ca.com)  \n© 2025 the author(s)  \nM F Torrez Lamberti et al. Journal of Endocrinology (2025) 267 e250184  \n[https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-25-0184](https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-25-0184)  \nwhere adult o","cbCaiufHUBUDlSP0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiufHUBUDlSP0","pdf",1335519,6,1,16,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Background on diabetes and comorbidities\n## Role of microbiota and probiotics\n## Prior evidence and study rationale","[{\"question\":\"What is the main goal of administering Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 in this study?\",\"answer\":\"To assess whether the probiotic improves glycemic control and reduces organ injury associated with type 2 diabetes in the db/db mouse model.\"},{\"question\":\"Which experimental approaches are used to evaluate metabolic and molecular effects?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses liver metabolomics, RNA-seq from liver and visceral adipose tissue with qRT-PCR validation, and additional assessment of hepatocyte lipid accumulation using probiotic extracellular vesicles.\"},{\"question\":\"What biomarkers and pathways were identified to explain Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 activity?\",\"answer\":\"Analyses indicated modulation of the vitamin K pathway, upregulation of FGF21, and alterations in selected circadian genes.\"}]",1784236233,40,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":28},"lactobacillus-johnsonii-n62-improves-glycemia-and-reduces-diabetes-induced-organ-injury-in-dbdb-mice","",{"@graph":36,"@context":86},[37,54,69],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/lactobacillus-johnsonii-n62-improves-glycemia-and-reduces-diabetes-induced-organ-injury-in-dbdb-mice/86619/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-29","2026-07-16",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What is the main goal of administering Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 in this study?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"To assess whether the probiotic improves glycemic control and reduces organ injury associated with type 2 diabetes in the db/db mouse model.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"Which experimental approaches are used to evaluate metabolic and molecular effects?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"The study uses liver metabolomics, RNA-seq from liver and visceral adipose tissue with qRT-PCR validation, and additional assessment of hepatocyte lipid accumulation using probiotic extracellular vesicles.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What biomarkers and pathways were identified to explain Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 activity?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"Analyses indicated modulation of the vitamin K pathway, upregulation of FGF21, and alterations in selected circadian 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