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It covers prevention and treatment strategies, including management of drug- and nephrotoxin-associated AKI, and guidance on renal replacement therapy and follow-up care. The March 2026 public review draft is intended for feedback, with content expected to evolve after review.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/kdigo-2026-clinical-practice-guideline-for-acute-kidney-injury-aki-and-acute-kidney-disease-akd-public-review-draft-march-2026/137573/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/kdigo-2026-clinical-practice-guideline-for-acute-kidney-injury-aki-and-acute-kidney-disease-akd-public-review-draft-march-2026/137573.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Xiajie","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-22","2026-08-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",76,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What topics does the KDIGO 2026 draft guideline cover for AKI and AKD?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It addresses AKI/AKD definition, identification, and classification; prediction, risk stratification, and diagnostic evaluation; prevention and treatment; drug- and nephrotoxin-associated AKI; renal replacement therapy; and follow-up care after AKI or AKD.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does the guideline approach AKI diagnosis and risk assessment?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"It focuses on prediction, risk stratification, and diagnostic evaluation, including limitations of serum creatinine and urine output for diagnosis and the use of kidney biomarkers and related criteria for staging.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What guidance is provided for treatment and renal replacement therapy?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The draft includes prevention and treatment recommendations, special considerations for drug- and nephrotoxin-associated AKI, and details on renal replacement therapy modalities and relevant clinical management elements.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},137573,1787421293,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":145},8814010472675,"https://avatar.qwps.com/avatar/WGlhamll","KDIGO 2026 CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE FOR ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY (AKI)AND ACUTE KIDNEY DISEASE (AKD)  \nPUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT  \nMARCH 2026  \nThis is a draft document shared for public review and feedback only. The content of this draft will change based on the feedback received and should not be used for any other purpose beyond its  \noriginal intent.  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \nTables, figures, and supplementary materials………………………………………………………………….. ii  \nAbbreviations and acronyms………………………………………………………….……………................... x  \nNotice…………………………………………………………………………………..……………………..... xii  \nWork Group membership ………………..……………………………………….....………………………..... xiii  \nAbstract……………………………………….……………………………………..…………………...…….. xiv  \nSummary of recommendation statements and practice points.....……………………………………………… 1  \nChapter 1. AKI and AKD definition, identification, and classification……...……………………….………... 35  \nChapter 2. AKI prediction, risk stratification, and diagnostic evaluation……………………………………… 66  \nChapter 3. Prevention and treatment of AKI………………………………….………………………………... 118  \nChapter 4. Durg-and nephrotoxin-associated AKI…………………………………………………………….. 194  \nChapter 5. Renal replacement therapy…………………………………………………………………………. 246  \nChapter 6. Follow-up care after AKIor AKD………………………………………………………………….. 319  \nMethods for guideline development…………...………………………………....………………….………..... 354  \nReferences……………………………………………………………………………………………................ 378  \nTABLES  \nTable 1. Criteria for acute kidney injury for children and adults 35  \nTable 2. Limitations of serum creatinine and urine output for the diagnosis of AKI 36  \nTable 3. Select kidney biomarkers and reported clinical applications 38  \nTable 4. Description and characteristics of select AKI biomarkers as of November 2025 39  \nTable 5. Specific situations where serum cystatin C measurement may be preferable to SCr to detect reduced GFR 47  \nTable 6. Severity staging system for AKI 50  \nTable 7. Definitions of transient and persistent AKI 52  \nTable 8. Causes of AKI requiring specific treatments to protect the kidney 54  \nTable 9. Criteria for AKD 55  \nTable 10. Criteria for resolution of AKI and AKD 57  \nTable 11. Baseline creatinine estimation methods in children 61  \nTable 12. Criteria for AKI in neonates 62  \nTable 13. AKI staging criteria in neonates 64  \nTable 14. Common exposures and susceptibilities for community-and hospital-acquired AKI 67  \nTable 15. International Society of Nephrology 0by25 study–Clinical risk score for community-acquired acute kidney injury 75  \nTable 16. Select clinical methods to measure kidney functional reserve 83  \nTable 17. Select studies identifying albuminuria as a risk factor for AKI 93  \nTable 18. Urine sediment and associated kidney injury syndromes 105  \nTable 19. Components of kidney health assessment for risk stratification in high-risk children during acute illness 114  \nTable 20. Renal angina index scoring 115  \nTable 21. Vasopressors for management of adults with or at risk of AKI 138  \nTable 22. Escalation pathway for diuretic therapy in AKI-related volume overload in adults 152  \nTable 23. Standardized vasoactive therapy in hepatorenal syndrome-associated AKI 165  \nTable 24. Tropical infections causing AKI 180  \nTable 25. Common plant and chemical toxins causing AKI 183  \nTable 26. List of drug/drug classes associated with pseudo-AKI and their possible mechanisms 196  \nTable 27. Examples of mechanisms and nephrotoxins that cause damage without dysfunction 197  \nTable 28. Multimodal approach to drug and nephrotoxin stewardship 201  \nTable 29. Therapeutic drug monitoring for drugs that are potentially nephrotoxic or excreted by the kidney 203  \nTable 30. Examples of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug-drug interactions associated with risk of kidney damage or dysfunction 204  \nTable 31. Drug-induced crystalline nephropathies 206  \nTable 32. Description of pharmacist interventions and related outcomes for people with or at risk for AKI in various practice sett","cbCaingb6eEaMXfn","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaingb6eEaMXfn","pdf",6127282,499,"English","# Summary of recommendation statements and practice points\n# Chapter 1. AKI and AKD definition, identification, and classification\n# Chapter 2. AKI prediction, risk stratification, and diagnostic evaluation\n# Chapter 3. Prevention and treatment of AKI\n# Chapter 4. Drug- and nephrotoxin-associated AKI\n# Chapter 5. Renal replacement therapy\n# Chapter 6. Follow-up care after AKI or AKD\n# Methods for guideline development\n# References","[{\"question\":\"What topics does the KDIGO 2026 draft guideline cover for AKI and AKD?\",\"answer\":\"It addresses AKI/AKD definition, identification, and classification; prediction, risk stratification, and diagnostic evaluation; prevention and treatment; drug- and nephrotoxin-associated AKI; renal replacement therapy; and follow-up care after AKI or AKD.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the guideline approach AKI diagnosis and risk assessment?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on prediction, risk stratification, and diagnostic evaluation, including limitations of serum creatinine and urine output for diagnosis and the use of kidney biomarkers and related criteria for staging.\"},{\"question\":\"What guidance is provided for treatment and renal replacement therapy?\",\"answer\":\"The draft includes prevention and treatment recommendations, special considerations for drug- and nephrotoxin-associated AKI, and details on renal replacement therapy modalities and relevant clinical management elements.\"}]","KDIGO 2026 Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and Acute Kidney Disease (AKD) - Public Review Draft - March 2026 | PDF",1257]