[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-43064-en":3,"doc-seo-43064-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},43064,4398048950312,"Violet","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/400002538284de19e3c?_k=1778320343897328908",2,"Literature","Karl Marx Capital Volume II Book II: The Process of Circulation of Capital","Capital Volume II, Book II, focuses on how capital functions through circulation: the transformation of money-capital, productive capital, and commodity-capital, and the circuits that connect them. It develops the concepts of turnover, working period, and the distinction between fixed and circulating capital, including effects of circulation time and changes in prices. It further examines how demand and supply meet via the circulation process and analyzes reproduction within aggregate social capital.","1885: Capital II  \nKarl Marx's  \nCapital  \nVolume II  \nBook II: The Process of Circulation of Capital  \nTable of Contents  \nPreface(Frederick Engels) and  \nPreface to the Second Edition (Frederick Engels)  \nPart One:  \nThe Metamorphoses of Capital and their Circuits  \n● Chapter 1: The Circuit of Money-Capital  \n1. First Stage. M-C  \n2. Second Stage. Function of Productive Capital  \n3. Third Stage. C'-M'  \n4. The Circuit as a Whole  \n● Chapter 2: The Circuit of Productive Capital  \n1. Simple Reproduction  \n2. Accumulation and Reproduction on an Extended Scale  \n3. Accumulation of Money  \n4. Reserve Fund  \n● Chapter 3: The Circuit of Commodity-Capital  \n● Chapter 4: The Three Formulas ofthe Circuit Natural, Money and Credit Economy  \n[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1885-c2/index.htm](http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1885-c2/index.htm) (1 of 5) [23/08/2000 16:08:52]  \n1885: Capital II  \nThe Meeting of Demand and Supply  \n● Chapter 5: The Time of Circulation  \n● Chapter 6: The Costs of Circulation  \n1. Genuine Costs of Circulation  \n(a) The Time of Of Purchase and Sale  \n(b) Book-keeping  \n(c) Money  \n2. Costs of Storage  \n(a) Formation of Supply in General  \n(b) The Commodity-Supply Proper  \n3. Costs of Transportation  \nPart Two:  \nThe Turnover of Capital  \n● Chapter 7: The Turnover Time and Number of Turnovers and  \n● Chapter 8: Fixed Capital and Circulating Capital  \n1. Distinctions of Form  \n2. Components, Replacement, Repair and Accumulation of the Fixed Capital  \n● Chapter 9: The Aggregate Turnover of the Capital Advanced. Cycles of Turnover  \n● Chapter 10: Theories of Fixed and Circulating Capital. The Physiocrats and Adam Smith  \n● Chapter 11: Theories of Fixed and Circulating Capital. Ricardo and  \n● Chapter 12: The Working Period  \n● Chapter 13: The Time of Production  \n[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1885-c2/index.htm](http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1885-c2/index.htm) (2 of 5) [23/08/2000 16:08:52]  \n1885: Capital II  \n● Chapter 14: The Time of Circulation  \n● Chapter 15: Effect of the Time of Turnover on the Magnitude of Advanced Capital 1. The Working Period Equal to the Circulation Period  \n2. The Working Period Greater Than the Period of Circulation  \n3. The Working Period Smaller Than the Circulation Period  \n4. Conclusions  \n5. The Effect of Change of Prices  \n● Chapter 16: The Turnover of Variable Capital  \n1. The Annual Rate of Surplus-Value  \n2. The Turnover of an Individual Variable Capital  \n3. The Turnover of Variable Capital from the Social Point of View  \n● Chapter 17: The Circulation of Surplus-Value  \n1. Simple Reproduction  \n2. Accumulation and Reproduction on an Extended Scale  \nPart Three:  \nThe Reproduction and Circulation of the Aggregate Social Capital  \n● Chapter 18: Introduction  \n1. The Subject Investigated  \n2. The Role of Money-Capital  \n● Chapter 19: Former Presentations ofthe Subject  \n1. The Physiocrats  \n2. Adam Smith  \n(a) Smith's General Points of View  \n(b) Adam Smith Resolves Exchange-Value into v+s  \n(c) The Constant Part of Capital  \n(d) Capital and Revenue in Adam Smith  \n(e) Recapitulation  \n3. Later Economists  \n● Chapter 20: Simple Reproduction (part 1 of 4)  \n[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1885-c2/index.htm](http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1885-c2/index.htm) (3 of 5) [23/08/2000 16:08:52]  \n1885: Capital II  \n1. The Formulation of the Question  \n2. The Two Departments of Social Production  \n3. Exchange Between the Two Departments: I(v+s) against IIc  \n4. Exchange Within Department II. Necessities of Life and Articles of Luxury  \n5. The Mediation of the Exchange by the Circulation of Money (Chapter 20: Simple Reproduction (part 2 of 4))  \n6. The Constant Capital in Department I  \n7. Variable Capital and Surplus-Value in Both Departments  \n8. The Constant Capital in Both Departments  \n9. A Retrospect to Adam Smith, Storch and Ramsay  \n10. Capital and Revenue: Variable Capital and Wages (Chapter 20: Simple Reprod","cbCaihwzFln33rrx","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihwzFln33rrx","pdf",1195835,4,1,373,"English","en",105,"# Part One: The Metamorphoses of Capital and their Circuits\n## Chapter 1: The Circuit of Money-Capital\n## Chapter 2: The Circuit of Productive Capital\n## Chapter 3: The Circuit of Commodity-Capital\n## Chapter 4: The Three Formulas of the Circuit\n# Part Two: The Turnover of Capital\n## Chapter 5: The Time of Circulation\n## Chapter 6: The Costs of Circulation\n## Chapter 7: The Turnover Time and Number of Turnovers\n## Chapter 8: Fixed Capital and Circulating Capital\n## Chapter 9: The Aggregate Turnover of the Capital Advanced\n## Chapter 10–13: Theories and the Working/Production Periods\n## Chapter 14–17: Time of Circulation, Effects, and Variable Capital\n# Part Three: Reproduction and Circulation of the Aggregate Social Capital\n## Chapter 18–19: Introduction and Former Presentations\n## Chapter 20–21: Simple and Expanded Reproduction","[{\"question\":\"What circuits of capital are analyzed in Part One?\",\"answer\":\"Part One examines the circuits of money-capital, productive capital, and commodity-capital, explaining how each stage functions within the overall circuit.\"},{\"question\":\"How does turnover connect working time and circulation time?\",\"answer\":\"The text studies turnover time through the working period and the time of circulation, including how the working period being longer, shorter, or equal to the circulation period affects the magnitude of advanced capital.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the focus of Parts Two and Three?\",\"answer\":\"Part Two develops fixed versus circulating capital and the turnover of variable capital, while Part Three analyzes simple and expanded reproduction within aggregate social capital, including exchange between the two departments of production.\"}]",1783377279,574,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":28},"karl-marx-capital-volume-ii-book-ii-the-process-of-circulation-of-capital","",{"@graph":36,"@context":84},[37,52,67],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,47,50],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/karl-marx-capital-volume-ii-book-ii-the-process-of-circulation-of-capital/43064/",{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":41,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-19","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What circuits of capital are analyzed in Part One?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"Part One examines the circuits of money-capital, productive capital, and commodity-capital, explaining how each stage functions within the overall circuit.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How does turnover connect working time and circulation time?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"The text studies turnover time through the working period and the time of circulation, including how the working period being longer, shorter, or equal to the circulation period affects the magnitude of advanced capital.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What is the focus of Parts Two and Three?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"Part Two develops fixed versus circulating capital and the turnover of variable capital, while Part Three analyzes simple and expanded reproduction within aggregate social capital, including exchange between the two departments of 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