[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-584079-105":59,"doc-detail-584079-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","k-12-funding-toolkit-a-strategic-guide-for-states","K-12 Funding Toolkit - A Strategic Guide for States","","K-12 Funding Toolkit: A Strategic Guide for States outlines how state leaders can reform or redesign K-12 funding formulas to strengthen learning opportunities for students and educators. It emphasizes principles of transparency, student-centered adequacy, fairness, and sustainability, and explains how increased spending can relate to improved outcomes, especially for low-income students. The toolkit provides vision statements, policy tools, and state examples, plus guidance on simplifying complex formulas, building public engagement, and publishing spending data to support multi-year planning.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/k-12-funding-toolkit-a-strategic-guide-for-states/584079/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/k-12-funding-toolkit-a-strategic-guide-for-states/584079.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"\tCallum ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of the K-12 Funding Toolkit?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It provides a strategic guide for reforming or redesigning state K-12 funding formulas so students and educators have the resources needed to reach education goals.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which principles should a well-designed K-12 funding formula follow?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The toolkit highlights transparency, student-centered funding, adequacy, fairness, and sustainability.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the toolkit recommend improving transparency in state funding formulas?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It recommends public engagement during formula development, clear terminology and rules for allocation, and communicating how the formula works while publishing spending data online.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},584079,1792210019,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},137451211410,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2000bb0a9246f588df?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786362646172706240","MARCH 2025  \nK-12 Funding Toolkit: A Strategic Guide for States  \nChris Duncombe and Lauren Peisach  \nThe distribution of state funding to school districts has a tremendous impact on student learning opportunities. States are the largest funding source for K-12 schools with investments totaling $380 billion in 2022. State funding choices can have significant implications for the learning opportunities available to students. Research shows that increased spending compared with previous levels is associated with a range of positive outcomes for students, including improved test scores and graduation rates. These impacts can be pronounced when the dollars are directed toward students from low-income households. Some studies have even linked increased funding to higher degree attainment and future earnings.  \nThere is wide variation between states on who pays, spending levels and how aid gets allocated. With no clear right answer to these choices, state leaders juggle different priorities, tradeoffsand incentives when designing funding formulas with the goal of ensuring every student has the learning opportunities to succeed. Given the importance and complexity of K-12 funding, states often undergo regularly mandated reviews and occasionally overhaul their formulas entirely to better meet the needs of their communities.  \nThis toolkit offers a strategic guide for reforming or redesigning state K-12 funding to ensure students and educators have the necessary resources to reach education goals. A well-designed K-12 funding formula should be transparent, student centered, adequate, fair and sustainable. These principles were identified from a working group of national experts in school funding and state leaders from around the country who are currently engaged in school funding reform efforts hosted by Education Commission of the States (ECS) .  \nWithin each principle, the toolkit includes:  \n⚫ A vision statement. A blueprint for what a formula using this principle could resemble.⚫ Policy tools. Actionable strategies that states can implement to build toward the vision.  \n⚫ State examples. Existing policies from around the country that can be used as a foundation to build on.  \nTransparent. State aid is allocated using a formula that is simple, logical, clearly articulated and informed by students, families, teachers and school leaders.  \nStudent Centered. Funding is allocated based on the learning needs of students with a focus on improving outcomes.  \nAdequate. Schools are provided sufficient resources to provide a highquality education for all students and meet state achievement goals for student learning.  \nFair. Resources are prioritized to schools where students have the most complex learning needs and to districts where local resources are most limited.  \nSustainable. Schools have a dependable level of state resources that allows district leaders to plan multiple years in advance and invest in services with confidence going forward.  \nK-12 Funding Toolkit: A Strategic Guide for States 2  \nTransparent  \nA well-designed funding formula is informed and understood by the communities it is intended to serve. Unfortunately, state K-12 funding formulas are notoriously complex, which limits public understanding and engagement in state funding conversations. Some complexity may be necessary in allocating funds to cover such a wide range of services. These funds cover costs ranging from salaries and benefits, technology, supplies, student nutrition, building maintenance and construction, and transportation to services for diverse communities with different student populations. However, the state can take steps to simplify the formula and integrate the people it is intended to serve into the design process.  \nState leaders can prioritize transparency by establishing a process for public engagement in the development of the formula. With a transparent funding formula, students, families and educators can ensure funding decisions are infor","cbCaie8J9OScasVG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaie8J9OScasVG","pdf",596186,26,"English","# Principles for Reforming State K-12 Funding\n## Vision Statements, Policy Tools, and State Examples\n## Transparent\n## Student Centered\n## Adequate\n## Fair\n## Sustainable\n## Community Outreach and Public Engagement\n## Simplifying Formulas and Publishing Data","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the K-12 Funding Toolkit?\",\"answer\":\"It provides a strategic guide for reforming or redesigning state K-12 funding formulas so students and educators have the resources needed to reach education goals.\"},{\"question\":\"Which principles should a well-designed K-12 funding formula follow?\",\"answer\":\"The toolkit highlights transparency, student-centered funding, adequacy, fairness, and sustainability.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the toolkit recommend improving transparency in state funding formulas?\",\"answer\":\"It recommends public engagement during formula development, clear terminology and rules for allocation, and communicating how the formula works while publishing spending data online.\"}]","K-12 Funding Toolkit - A Strategic Guide for States | PDF",1792049702,66]