[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-628495-105":59,"doc-detail-628495-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","job-insecurity-and-psychological-well-being-review-of-the-literature-and-exploration-of-some-unresolved-issues","Job Insecurity and Psychological Well-being: Review of the Literature and Exploration of Some Unresolved Issues","","Research reviews the psychological consequences of job insecurity, linking job insecurity to reduced psychological well-being and job satisfaction, alongside increased psychosomatic complaints and physical strain. Three additional, less-studied questions are explored: whether effects differ by professional position, gender, and age; how job insecurity compares with other workplace stressors; and how it compares with the impact of unemployment. Exploratory data from a Belgian metalworking plant (N=336) indicate lower well-being among the insecure, with gender moderation and equivalence to short-term unemployment in harmfulness. Implications for future research are discussed.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/job-insecurity-and-psychological-well-being-review-of-the-literature-and-exploration-of-some-unresolved-issues/628495/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/job-insecurity-and-psychological-well-being-review-of-the-literature-and-exploration-of-some-unresolved-issues/628495.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Eliana","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does job insecurity affect psychological well-being and job satisfaction?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The literature review shows that job insecurity reduces psychological well-being and job satisfaction, while increasing psychosomatic complaints and physical strain.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which personal factors were examined for differing impacts of job insecurity?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study explored whether impacts vary by professional position, gender, and age, using the plant data set to test these potential moderators.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How did job insecurity compare in harmfulness to unemployment experiences?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"GHQ scores for insecure respondents were not different from those of a representative sample of short-term unemployed, suggesting both experiences are equally harmful.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},628495,1792616783,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":26},4398048949847,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/400002536579ef2da7f?_k=1778318612642679267","European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology  \nISSN: 1359-432X (Print) 1464-0643 (Online) Journal homepage: [http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/pewo20](http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/pewo20)  \nJob Insecurity and Psychological Well-being: Review of the Literature and Exploration of Some Unresolved Issues  \nHans De Witte  \nTo cite this article: Hans De Witte (1999) Job Insecurity and Psychological Well-being: Review of the Literature and Exploration of Some Unresolved Issues, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8:2, 155-177, DOI: 10. 1080/135943299398302  \nTo link to this article: [https://doi.org/10.1080/135943299398302](https://doi.org/10.1080/135943299398302)  \n Published online: 10 Sep 2010.  \n\n|  Submit your article to this journal  |\n| --- |\n|  Article views: 3703 |\n|  View related articles  |\n|  Citing articles: 311 View citing articles  |\n\nFull Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at [http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=pewo20](http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=pewo20)  \nDownload by: [Gothenburg University Library] Date: 07 January 2018, At: 11:56  \nEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1999, 8 (2), 155–177  \nDownloaded by [Gothenburg University Library] at 1 1:56 07 January 2018  \nJob Insecurity and Psychological Well-being: Review of the Literature and Exploration of Some Unresolved Issues  \nHans De Witte  \nHoger Instituut voor de Arbeid , KU-Leuven, Belgium  \nResearch on the psychological consequences of job insecurity is reviewed, showing that job insecurity reduces psychological well-being and job satisfaction, and increases psychosomatic complaints and physical strains. Next, three additional research questions are addressed, since these questions did not receive much attention in previous research. First, does the impact of job insecurity on workers differ according to their professional position, gender, and age? Second, how important is job insecurity compared to other stressors on the workfloor? Third, how important is job insecurity compared to the impact of unemployment? To analyse these issues, data were used from a Belgian plant, part of a European multinational company in the metalworking industry (N = 336) . The results of this exploratory study showed that job insecurity was associated with lower well-being (score on the GHQ-12), after controlling for background variables, such as gender and age. A significant interaction with gender occurred, indicating that gender moderated the association between job insecurity and well-being. Job insecurity was not related to psychological well-being among women. Among men, a significant increase in distress was noted among those who felt insecure, but not among the secure. Interaction terms for occupational position and age were not statistically significant. Job insecurity turned out to be one of the most distressful aspects of the work situation. The GHQ-scores of the insecure respondents were not different from those of a representative sample of short-term unemployed, suggesting both experiences to be equally harmful. The consequences of these findings for future research are discussed.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nA growing amount of research has been devoted to the analysis of the psychological (un)well-being of workers, covering phenomena such as stress (see e.g. Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) and burnout (see e.g. Schaufeli, Maslach, & Marek, 1993) . Over the last decades, a great deal of research has also focused on  \nRequests for reprints should be addressed to H. De Witte, Hoger Instituut voor de Arbeid (HIVA; “Higher Institute of Labour Studies”), KU-Leuven, E. Van Evenstr. 2E, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Email: [hans.dewitte@hiva.kuleuven.ac.be](hans.dewitte@hiva.kuleuven.ac.be)  \n© 1999 Psychology Press Ltd  \nDownloaded by [Gothenburg University Library] at 1 1:56 07 January 2018  \n156 DE WITTE  \nits complement: the psychological consequences of unemployment ","cbCailElHA5TgLFX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailElHA5TgLFX","pdf",344728,24,"English","# Introduction\n# Review of the Literature\n## Job insecurity: A definition","[{\"question\":\"How does job insecurity affect psychological well-being and job satisfaction?\",\"answer\":\"The literature review shows that job insecurity reduces psychological well-being and job satisfaction, while increasing psychosomatic complaints and physical strain.\"},{\"question\":\"Which personal factors were examined for differing impacts of job insecurity?\",\"answer\":\"The study explored whether impacts vary by professional position, gender, and age, using the plant data set to test these potential moderators.\"},{\"question\":\"How did job insecurity compare in harmfulness to unemployment experiences?\",\"answer\":\"GHQ scores for insecure respondents were not different from those of a representative sample of short-term unemployed, suggesting both experiences are equally harmful.\"}]","Job Insecurity and Psychological Well-being: Review of the Literature and Exploration of Some Unresolved Issues | PDF"]