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It outlines key pressures he faced—declining family fortune, poverty, censorship, and eye disease—and describes his later stability in Paris. The text also surveys Joyce’s early published work, notably Chamber Music, and explains how his artistic aims differed across genres and publication timelines.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/james-joyce/414558/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/james-joyce/414558.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Terk","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Where and when was James Joyce born and when did he die?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"James Joyce was born at Rathgar, a suburb of Dublin, on 2 February 1882, and he died in Zürich on 13 January 1941.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What path did Joyce take regarding religion and Ireland?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"He renounced the Catholic Church and, in 1904, left Ireland for good.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What was the first of Joyce’s works to appear in book form?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The first book-form work mentioned is Chamber Music, a collection of thirty-six short poems, completed by 1904 but published three years later.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},414558,1790789960,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":16},1099525198933,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","UNIVERSITY OF LONDON LIBRARYThis book  \nshould be returned to theExtra-Mural Library  \n119747  \n# Bibliographical Series\n\nof Supplements to 'British Book Newson Writers and Their Work  \n★  \nGENERAL EDITORBonamy Dobrée  \nTJAMES JoYCE was born at Rathgar,a suburb of Dublin,on 2 February1882.He died at Zürich on I3 January I94I.  \nJAMES JOYCE  \nfrom a portrait of 1935 by JACQUES-EMILE BLANCHEin the National Portrait Gallery  \n# JAMES JOYCE\n\nbJ.I.M.STEWART  \nPUBLISHED FOR  \nTHE BRITISH COUNCILand the NATIONAL BOOK LEAGUEby LONGMANS,GREEN &CO.  \nLONGMANS,GREEN &co.LTD.6&7 Clifford Street,London W.IThibault House,Thibault Square,Cape Town60s-6II Lonsdale Street,Melbourne,C.I  \nLONGMANS,GREEN &co.INC.II9 West 4oth Street,New York I8  \nLONGMANS,GREEN &co.20 Cranfield Road,Toronto I6  \nORIENT LONGMANS PRIVATE LTD.Calcutta Bombay MadrasDelhi Hyderabad Dacca  \nFirst published in I957Revised I960  \nPrinted in Great Britain by Unuin Brothers LimitedWoking and London  \nJAMES JOYCE  \nI  \nAMES JoYCE was born in I882 in Dublin,where hisfather was sufficiently prosperous to send him to afashionable Jesuit boarding-school,and sufficiently im-provident to be virtually penniless a few years later.Partlybecause of the steady decline in his family's fortunes,andpartly because he himself was a little disposed to fudge theevidence,it is difficult to place Joyce tidily in a social class.VirginiaWoolf,distressed by the milieu of Ulysses,concludedthat its author must be ‘a self-taught working man’.Mr.Wyndham Lewis(who was educated at Rugby)makes funofJoyce's fictional alter ego,Stephen Dedalus,for his anxietyto appear a gentleman.Perhaps the Joyces became shabbymore pronouncedly than they remained genteel.But classconsciousness is not important with Joyce as it is with theother great novelist of the age,D.H.Lawrence.Priest,artist,citizen are Joyce's categories;not gentle and simple.  \nNevertheless what may be called the Gissing aspect of hisyouth—the precariousness of his slender degree of privilege,the cultural poverty oflife around him—marked him deeply.He grew up arrogant and aloof,contemptuous of all pro-posals,whether political or artistic,for the regeneration ofhis country,proud of his precocious knowledge of contem-porary continental literature.He renounced the CatholicChurch,and in I904 he left Ireland for good,taking withhim a girl called Nora Barnacle whom he subsequentlymarried.Miss Barnacle was not literary,but a certain pun-gency attends some of her recorded utterances.\"I guess theman's a genius',she said ofJoyce,'but what a dirty mind hehas,hasn't he?At least she had found a good husband anda devoted father of two children.To support his familyJoyce laboured for many years as a teacher of English in5  \nTrieste and Zürich;it was only during his later life,whenbenefactions and his first substantial royalties enabled himto maintain a modest establishment in Paris,that the threatof destitution ceased to hang over him.He appears to havebeen very sure of his genius.He resisted the discouragementsof poverty,neglect,moral censorship,and a grave diseaseof the eyes.By the time he died in I94I there was littleresponsible literary opinion in either Europe or Americathat failed to acknowledge him as one of the most significantwriters of the age.At the same time he attracted muchfoolish adulation,and his books suffered(what they cer-tainly invite)much extravagant exegesis.  \nⅡ  \nThe first of Joyc's works to appear in book form wasChamber Music,a collection of thirty-six short poems.It wascompleted by I904 but had to wait three years for a pub-lisher,and in the interval Joyce ceased to feel much regardfor it.There is nothing surprising in this.His life's task ifabundantly egotistical was wholly serious,a presenting ofhimself and his immediate environment to the world infictions laying claim to the highest representative signifi-cance.With that task,to which he had already addressedhimselfin the apparently unpublishable Dubliners,the poemsin Chamber Music ","cbCaism0iWgKrQBg","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaism0iWgKrQBg","pdf",2322793,52,"English","# JAMES JOYCE\n## Early life and social class\n## Work and first publications","[{\"question\":\"Where and when was James Joyce born and when did he die?\",\"answer\":\"James Joyce was born at Rathgar, a suburb of Dublin, on 2 February 1882, and he died in Zürich on 13 January 1941.\"},{\"question\":\"What path did Joyce take regarding religion and Ireland?\",\"answer\":\"He renounced the Catholic Church and, in 1904, left Ireland for good.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the first of Joyce’s works to appear in book form?\",\"answer\":\"The first book-form work mentioned is Chamber Music, a collection of thirty-six short poems, completed by 1904 but published three years later.\"}]","James Joyce | PDF",1790597950]