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By adjusting visibility levels on smartphone platforms, participants worked to create co-presence with relatives abroad. 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Digital visual literacy is a combination of digital literacy and visual literacy and even goes beyond these conceptualizations. By manipulating their levels of visibility through platforms on smartphone devices, immigrant women strove to create a sense of co-presence with their families abroad. This paper demonstrates the complexity and relevance of combining visuality with multi-literacies, voice, and gendered narratives of digital communication for immigrants inside and outside of adult literacy classrooms.  \nKeywords: information and communication technologies, digital literacy, immigrants, visual literacy, transnational families  \nThis study is about the ways immigrants communicate with their transnational families through information and communication technologies (ICTs), especially smartphones. This phenomenon is important to study because of the increase in migration where more families are separated than ever before. Yet they want to see one another and feel a sense of connection from afar. This article presents the visual aspects of this ICT-based communication and the ways that migrants control their visibility with their family members at-a-distance. We focus on the ways they  \nnavigate the visual aspects of electronic family communications or digital visual literacy (DVL) .  \nDVL is generally defined as the ability to critically evaluate visual materials, including moving and 3D images in a digital environment, make decisions on the basis of digital visual representations; and use devices to create effective visual communications (Spalter & Andries, 2008; Martin et al. , 2008) . We asked the following questions to illuminate the phenomenon of DVL within transnational family communication:  \nCorrespondence: [cubans@wwu.edu](cubans@wwu.edu) 6  \n• What are the experiences of women immigrants in communicating with their families through ICTs from afar?  \n• What are the digital visual practices they use to navigate their communication that impacts their visibility and sense of presence?  \n• What demographic, geographic, and technological factors affect this communication?  \nWe developed themes of DVL and exemplary profiles of immigrant women’s stories of communicating with their transnational families. Three immigrant women’s narratives are profiledin this article along with themes of DVL that represented 55 immigrant women from Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries who were participants in a Fulbright Commission study that took place in Chile. Cuban conducted the study in 2017, collaborating with the Ministerio de la Mujer y la Equidad de Género (Ministry of Women & Gender Equity), as well as Chilean and migrant academics and activists. Afterwards, Cuban and Arinder analyzed the data.  \nExamining DVL within the Context of Chile  \nChile is historically known as an immigrantsending country, particularly during the Pinochet regime when thousands of Chileans fled persecution (1973-1990) . Yet since the 2010s, Chile has become one of the fastest growing receiving countries for immigrants in the LAC region and in the world (Dona-Reveco, 2018; UN DESA, 2017) . Known as an “economic jaguar,” Chile’s reputation as a secure and successful South American country has drawn about 1.5 million imm","cbCaiqUb71Spvzie","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqUb71Spvzie","pdf",137672,14,"English","# Adult Literacy Education Winter 2022\n## Research Article\n## Abstract\n## Keywords\n## Research Questions and Study Overview\n## Examining DVL within the Context of Chile","[{\"question\":\"What is digital visual literacy (DVL) in this study?\",\"answer\":\"DVL is defined as critically evaluating visual materials in digital environments, making decisions based on digital visual representations, and using devices to create effective visual communication.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the women immigrants manage visibility during ICT-based family communication?\",\"answer\":\"Participants manipulate their visibility levels through smartphone platforms to cultivate a sense of co-presence with family members abroad.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors are examined as influencing transnational family communication?\",\"answer\":\"The study considers demographic, geographic, and technological factors that affect how women immigrants communicate with their families at a distance using ICTs.\"}]","It’s Better That She Sees Me - Digital Visual Literacy Narratives of Women Immigrants in Chile and Implications for Adult Literacy | PDF",1792066586,35]