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The discussion encourages clinicians to integrate social factors for culturally responsive practice and move beyond positivist, raciolinguistic assessment models common in biomedical settings.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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Arabic-speaking population in diaspora space with a focus on North America  \nArab Journal of Applied Linguistics e-ISSN 2490-4198  \nVol. 07, No. 01, 2022, 130-197 © AJAL  \n[http://www.arjals.com](http://www.arjals.com)  \nReem Khamis1: Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY 11530 Reeman Marzouqah, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada  \nAbstract  \nThe purpose of this paper is to report on the state of both professional licensure and the practice of speech language therapy in the diaspora spaces of the United States and Canada. Additionally, this paper discusses best practices for collaborating with, providing care to, and facilitating professional growth among the Arab diaspora. We begin by examining the practical contexts of professional certification in speech-language therapy in the US and Canada, particularly for bilinguals and Arab clinicians followed by a discussion of the challenges in care provision unique to Arabs in the diaspora. The paper is framed around these substantial differences in providing care to Arabs living in the Arab world, as opposed to those living in the diaspora; this is in order to encourage clinicians to consider social factors in the provision of a culturally responsive practice. These discussions exemplify how different contexts require clinicians to expand their practice beyond the positivist, raciolinguistic based assessment and intervention approaches exemplified in biomedical fields. Such outlooks are primarily focused on the biological bases of communication disorders and therefore overlook and/or pathologize both their sociocultural backgrounds and their interaction with communication differences and disabilities. In reality, these reflections are critical to designing effective assessments and interventionsin clinical care in Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences.  \nKeywords: Arabic assessment, Arab culture, speech-language pathology licensing, diaspora, minoritized communities  \n1 Corresponding author: Reem Khamis Email: [khamis-dakwar@adelphi.edu](khamis-dakwar@adelphi.edu)  \nIntroduction: Speech language therapy in the U.S. and Canada serving Arab communities  \nIn the most recent annual demographic report by the American Speech-LanguageHearing Association (ASHA), only 8.3% of members identified as Black, Indigenous, or People of Color (BIPOC) (ASHA, 2020), in contrast to 27.6% of the U.S. population (ASHA, 2021) . Among these are 295 Arabic-speaking speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the U.S. (ASHA, 2021) . Although data on SLP demographics in Canada is unavailable (SAC, 2022), the Canadian regulatory and licensing bodies reported 41 registered Arabic-speaking SLPs (Alberta College of Speech-Language Pathologistsand Audiologists, 2022; College of Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists of Ontario, 2022; College of Speech and Hearing Health Professionals of British Columbia, 2022, New Brunswick Association of Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists, 2022; Nova Scotia College of Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists, 2022, ;  \nOrdre des Orthophonistes et Audiologistes du Québec , 2022; Speech-Language & Audiology Canada, 2022;) . These numbers conflict with the population that speaks Arabic at home, which is approximately 1.26 million people in the U.S. (Dietrich et al., 2022), and approximately 286 thousand in Canada (Statistics Canada, 2022) . This significant difference means that there is approximately one Arabic-speaking SLP for every 4,271 Arabic speakers in the U.S and one Arabic-speaking SLP per 6,976 Arabic speakers in Canada. There is an evident shortage of certified Arabic-speaking SLPs in  \nthe U.S. and Canada who are equipped to work with Arabic-speaking populations in both nations. Furthermore, Arabic-speaking SLPs in the U.S. are not evenly distributed across states, as there is a state-by-state disparity in the number of linguisticall","cbCaibU05L2eZj2C","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibU05L2eZj2C","pdf",673466,"English","# Abstract\n## Professional licensure and speech-language therapy practice\n## Certification contexts and bilingual/Arab clinicians\n## Challenges in diaspora care provision\n## Culturally responsive assessment and intervention\n# Introduction: Speech language therapy in the U.S. and Canada serving Arab communities\n## Demographic context and practitioner availability","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the paper address regarding speech-language therapy for Arab communities?\",\"answer\":\"It examines professional licensure and the delivery of speech-language therapy to Arab diaspora populations in the U.S. and Canada, highlighting shortages of certified Arabic-speaking SLPs and care challenges unique to these contexts.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper describe differences between providing care in the Arab world versus the diaspora?\",\"answer\":\"It frames diaspora care as shaped by distinct social factors and encourages clinicians to consider cultural responsiveness, rather than relying only on biomedical, positivist assessment and intervention approaches.\"},{\"question\":\"What best practice direction does the paper recommend for clinicians working with Arab diaspora clients?\",\"answer\":\"It urges clinicians to expand practice beyond raciolinguistic/positivist models by designing effective assessments and interventions that account for sociocultural backgrounds and interactions with communication differences and disabilities.\"}]","Issues related to serving the Arabic-speaking population in diaspora space with a focus on North America - 2022 | PDF",1792073432,176]