[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-500872-en":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":31,"doc-seo-500872-105":81},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},500872,549758252649,"Ivy","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/8000253669c5317157?_k=1778319167496531819",8,"Research & Report","Islamization of Laws in Pakistan - Federal Shariat Court and Contemporary Challenges - Paper","Pakistan’s state structure is presented as being grounded in Islamic ideology, with Islam recognized as the state religion under Article 2 of the 1973 Constitution. The paper reviews efforts toward Islamization of laws, including the 1949 Objective Resolution, and focuses on the Federal Shari‘at Court (FSC). It evaluates FSC’s contribution, its powers, and procedural challenges, while questioning the jurisdiction and case pendency in the Shari‘at Appellate Bench. The conclusion stresses that legal and judicial implementation remains a major challenge despite constitutional development.","Islamization of Laws in Pakistan, Federal Shariat Court and Contemporary Challenges  \nSardar M. A. Waqar Khan Arif􀀍  \nAbstract  \nThe structure of the state of Pakistan is based on Islamic ideology. Islam is the state religion under article 2 of the constitution of Islamic republic of Pakistan, (1973) . There are significant attempts and efforts made for Islamization of laws, such as, the adoption of Objective Resolution, (1949). The bulk of the provisions of Islamic law regulate individuals as well as collective lives of the people. However, there are certain challenges. Islamization is urgent need of the Pakistani Muslims. An implementation and enforcement of the provisions of Islamic laws in true sense is essential for further progress in Pakistan. The role of the constitutional institutions for Islamization is significant for consideration having certain challenges in implementation. In this context, this paper specifically discusses the role of constitutional institution, the Federal Shari‘at Court (FSC) . It argues that the FSC has, more or less, contributed for Islamization of laws in Pakistan and there are certain challenges in terms of its application. It analyses the judgments of the FSC and describes its powers and procedural challenges for Islamization of laws. It further highlights the jurisdiction of the FSC and pendency of the cases in Shari‘at Appellate Bench is questionable. The paper concludes that although legislature and in particular FSC have contributed for Islamization of laws and for constitutional development but still implementation of laws and Court decisions is a big challenge.  \nKeywords: Constitutional institutions, Islamization of laws in Pakistan, Challenges, FSC.  \n1. Introduction  \nUnder article 2-A of the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973, Islam is the Religion of the State. The basic ideology of the Pakistan is based on \"Injunctions of Islam\". Pakistan was declared as Islamic Republic in 1956 based on  \n􀀍 Dr. Sardar M. A. Waqar Khan Arif is an Assistant Professor of Law and Chairman/Head of Department (HOD) at Department of Law, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. He has completed his PhD (Law) from Department of Law, International Islamic University Islamabad (IIUI) Pakistan-cum-Rijks Universiteit Groningen, The Netherlands. The author wishes to thank Dr. Muhammad Munir, Vice President IIUI for his insight. Special thanks to Dr. Muhammad Mushtaq Ahmad, Director General, Shariah Academy, IIUI for valuable and thought-provoking discussions on the topic. All errors remain solely with author.  \nObjective Resolutions of 1949. The foundation of Pakistan is based on Islamic ideology. Islam is the Religion of peace and prosperity and has unique characteristics and features. Under Constitution, citizens of State are required to live their lives in an Islamic way.1  \nAll Constitutions of Pakistan endorse that \"Islam is the State Religion\". All Constitutions maintained that Islamic ideology is the key element and day to day matters and affairs of Pakistan revolve around it.2 Despite a declared Islamic Republic, Islamization began in the 1970s under Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and later during the rule of General Zia-ul-Haq in the 1980s. Ḥudood Laws were formulated and implemented during Zia's regime. In terms of Constitutional institutions in Pakistan, the Council of Islamic Ideology (CII) and Federal Shariat Court (FSC) are prominent. The role of CII is advisory whereas FSC has its jurisdiction, powers and functions and mandate to make judgments on Islamic laws. This paper is specific to the case of FSC as it is a constitutional body. The methodology adopted in this paper is analytical.  \n2. Federal Shariat Court (FSC) in Pakistan: An Overview  \n2.1. Composition and Structure  \nDuring the era of General Zia, the FSC was established by incorporating provisions in the Chapter 3-A of the Constitution.3 During his tenure, the apparent ","cbCaiu16uNjs0f3p","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiu16uNjs0f3p","pdf",188330,4,1,11,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n# Federal Shariat Court (FSC) in Pakistan: An Overview\n## Composition and Structure","[{\"question\":\"Why is Islamization of laws considered urgent in Pakistan according to the paper?\",\"answer\":\"The paper argues that implementing and enforcing Islamic legal provisions in their true sense is essential for Pakistan’s further progress. It frames Islamization as an urgent need for Pakistani Muslims and links it to meaningful constitutional development.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does the Federal Shari‘at Court (FSC) play in Islamization?\",\"answer\":\"The paper states that the FSC is a constitutional institution with jurisdiction, powers, and functions to make judgments on Islamic laws. It analyzes FSC judgments to assess how the court has contributed to Islamization and what limitations arise.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges are highlighted regarding FSC’s application and appellate process?\",\"answer\":\"The paper describes challenges in FSC’s application and raises concerns about the jurisdiction of the Shari‘at Appellate Bench, including the pendency of cases. It concludes that implementation of laws and court decisions remains a major challenge.\"}]","Islamization of Laws in Pakistan - Federal Shariat Court and Contemporary Challenges - Paper | PDF",1791015644,28,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":32},[33,38,43,47,52,57,62,65,70,73,77],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":44,"show_sort_weight":45,"slug":46},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":48,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":50,"slug":51},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":54,"show_sort_weight":55,"slug":56},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":58,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":59,"show_sort_weight":60,"slug":61},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":63,"slug":64},30,"research-report",{"id":66,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":67,"show_sort_weight":68,"slug":69},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":68,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":71,"show_sort_weight":68,"slug":72},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":74,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":75,"show_sort_weight":74,"slug":76},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":78,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":34,"category_name":79,"show_sort_weight":48,"slug":80},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":84,"title":13,"keywords":85,"description":14,"schema_data":86,"social_meta":140,"head_meta":142,"extra_data":144,"updated_unix":145},"islamization-of-laws-in-pakistan-federal-shariat-court-and-contemporary-challenges-paper","",{"@graph":87,"@context":139},[88,102,122],{"@type":89,"itemListElement":90},"BreadcrumbList",[91,95,97,100],{"item":92,"name":93,"@type":94,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":96,"name":34,"@type":94,"position":39},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":98,"name":12,"@type":94,"position":99},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":101,"name":13,"@type":94,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/islamization-of-laws-in-pakistan-federal-shariat-court-and-contemporary-challenges-paper/500872/",{"url":101,"name":13,"@type":103,"image":104,"author":109,"headline":13,"publisher":111,"fileFormat":114,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":115,"datePublished":116,"encodingFormat":114,"isAccessibleForFree":117,"interactionStatistic":118},"DigitalDocument",{"url":105,"@type":106,"width":107,"height":108},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/islamization-of-laws-in-pakistan-federal-shariat-court-and-contemporary-challenges-paper/500872.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":9,"@type":110},"Person",{"url":92,"name":112,"@type":113},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-03",true,{"@type":119,"interactionType":120,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":121},"ViewAction",{"@type":123,"mainEntity":124},"FAQPage",[125,131,135],{"name":126,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":128},"Why is Islamization of laws considered urgent in Pakistan according to the paper?","Question",{"text":129,"@type":130},"The paper argues that implementing and enforcing Islamic legal provisions in their true sense is essential for Pakistan’s further progress. It frames Islamization as an urgent need for Pakistani Muslims and links it to meaningful constitutional development.","Answer",{"name":132,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":133},"What role does the Federal Shari‘at Court (FSC) play in Islamization?",{"text":134,"@type":130},"The paper states that the FSC is a constitutional institution with jurisdiction, powers, and functions to make judgments on Islamic laws. It analyzes FSC judgments to assess how the court has contributed to Islamization and what limitations arise.",{"name":136,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":137},"What challenges are highlighted regarding FSC’s application and appellate process?",{"text":138,"@type":130},"The paper describes challenges in FSC’s application and raises concerns about the jurisdiction of the Shari‘at Appellate Bench, including the pendency of cases. It concludes that implementation of laws and court decisions remains a major challenge.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":101,"og:type":141,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":112,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":143,"canonical":101},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},1792076041]