[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-38749-en":3,"doc-seo-38749-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},38749,687197207919,"Theodora","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000253d6f5f7c60be?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779446848396160552",9,"Religion & Spirituality","Islamic Political Thought by W. Montgomery Watt","Islamic political thought by W. Montgomery Watt examines how early Islam developed political authority, governance, and communal structures. The book surveys key stages from Muhammad’s political achievements and the Constitution of Medina, through the early caliphate and empire organization, to later political struggles, religious institutions, and the evolution of Shi’ite currents. It connects classical political theory and value systems with contemporary debates on nationalism, democracy, and adaptation.","ISLAMIC SURVEYS 6  \nISLAMICPOLITICAL THOUGHT  \nW.MONTGOMERY WATT  \n◎1968  \nW.Montgomery Watt  \nEDINBURGH UNIVERSITY PRESS22 George Square,Edinburgh  \nFirst published 1968Paperback edition 1980Reprinted 1987  \nReprinted in new format 1998Reprinted 1999,2003Transferred to digital print 2007  \nISBN-100748610987  \nISBN-139780748610983  \nBritish Library  \nCataloguing in Publication Datais available on request  \nPrinted in Great Britain byCPI Antony Rowe,Eastbourne  \n# FOREWORD\n\nINI939 tne prospect ofa war which would involve many Asiannations made men in positions of responsibility in Britainsuddenly aware of the meagre number of our experts in Asianlanguages and cultures.The Scarbrough Commission was setup,and its report led to a great expansion of Oriental andAfrican studies in Britain after the war.In the third decade afterI939events are making clear to ever-widening circles ofreadersthe need for something more than a superficial knowledge ofnon-European cultures.In particular the blossoming into inde-pendence of numerous African states,many of which arelargely Muslim or have a Muslim head of state,emphasises thegrowing political importance of the Islamic world,and,as aresult,the desirability of extending and deepening the under-standing and appreciation of this great segment of mankind.Since history counts for much among Muslims,and whathappened in 632 or 656 may still be a live issue,a journalisticfamiliarity with present conditions is not enough;there mustalsobesomeawareness ofhow the past has moulded the present.  \nThis series of 'Islamic surveys'is designed to give theeducated reader something more than can be found in the usualpopular books.Each work undertakes to survey a special partof the field,and to show the present stage of scholarship here.Where there is a clear picture this will be given,but wherethere are gaps,obscurities and differences of opinion,these willalso be indicated.Comprehensive bibliographies will affordguidance to those who want to pursue their studies furtherIn the present volume there is bibliographical material onpp.xi,8If.,I05-7,and also in the notes,pp.I35-44.  \nThe transliteration of Arabic words is essentially that of thesecond edition of The Encyclopaedia of Islam(London,I96o,continuing)with three modifications.Two of these are normalwith most British Arabists,namely,q for k,and j for dj.Thethird is something of a novelty.It is the replacement of theligature used to show when two consonants are to be soundedtogether byan apostrophe toshow when they are to be sounded  \nseparately.This means that dh,gh,kh,sh,th(andin non-Arabicwords ch and zh)are to be sounded together;where there is anapostrophe,as in ad'ham,they are to be sounded separately.The apostrophe in this usage represents no sound,but,since itonly occurs between two consonants(of which the second is  \nh),it cannot be confused with the apostrophe representing theglottal stop(hamza),which never occurs between two conso-nants.  \nCONTENTS  \nIntroduction  \n1X  \nCHAPTER ONE.The Islamic State under Muhammad  \nI.Muhammad's political achievements  \nM寸  \n2.The Constitution of Medina  \n3.The pre-Islamic tribe and the Medinan state  \n4.The nature of the community9  \n5.The Jihād or ^holy war'  \nI4  \nCHAPTER Two.Muhammad as Head of State  \nI.Muhammad's position under the Constitution  \n巧  \n2.Muhammad's position in the later Medinan period  \n3.The political relevance of religion26  \nCHAPTER THREE.The Early Caliphate  \nI.The situation at Muhammad's death3I  \n2.The succession to the caliphate  \n35  \n3.The nature of the caliphate  \n4042  \n4.The first appearance of Shi'ite ideas  \nCHAPTER FOUR.The Organization of Empire  \nI.The Muslims as a military élite46  \n2.The ‘protected minorities'  \n4952  \n3.Provincial administration  \nCHAPTER FIVE.Membership of the Community  \nI.The Kharijite movement  \n54  \n2.The wider community of true believers57  \n3.The conditions of membership of the community 59  \nCHAPTER SIX.The Religious Institution  \nI.The formation of t","cbCaipJCi4AOPBgV","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipJCi4AOPBgV","pdf",17535032,1,198,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n# Chapter One. The Islamic State under Muhammad\n# Chapter Two. Muhammad as Head of State\n# Chapter Three. The Early Caliphate\n# Chapter Four. The Organization of Empire\n# Chapter Five. Membership of the Community\n# Chapter Six. The Religious Institution\n# Chapter Seven. The Form of the Political Struggle\n# Chapter Eight. Community as Bearer of Values\n# Chapter Nine. War-lords and Political Theorists\n# Chapter Ten. The Development of Shi'ite Islam\n# Chapter Eleven. Epilogue: Islam in Contemporary Politics\n# Appendix. The Constitution of Medina\n# Notes\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"What political developments does the book attribute to Muhammad’s leadership?\",\"answer\":\"It outlines Muhammad’s political achievements and the Constitution of Medina, explaining how governance and community life were shaped within the Medinan state.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book describe the early caliphate’s nature and its transition after Muhammad’s death?\",\"answer\":\"It discusses the situation at Muhammad’s death, the succession to the caliphate, and the nature of caliphal authority, alongside early Shi’ite ideas.\"},{\"question\":\"Which Shi’ite developments are covered, and how are they contrasted?\",\"answer\":\"The book presents 'moderate' Shi’ism and the Imamite party, revolutionary or 'Sevener' Shi’ism, and Zaydite Shi‘ism as distinct developments in Islamic political life.\"}]",1783072397,499,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":27},"islamic-political-thought-by-w-montgomery-watt","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,53,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/religion-spirituality/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/islamic-political-thought-by-w-montgomery-watt/38749/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-03",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What political developments does the book attribute to Muhammad’s leadership?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"It outlines Muhammad’s political achievements and the Constitution of Medina, explaining how governance and community life were shaped within the Medinan state.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How does the book describe the early caliphate’s nature and its transition after Muhammad’s death?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"It discusses the situation at Muhammad’s death, the succession to the caliphate, and the nature of caliphal authority, alongside early Shi’ite ideas.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"Which Shi’ite developments are covered, and how are they contrasted?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"The book presents 'moderate' Shi’ism and the Imamite party, revolutionary or 'Sevener' Shi’ism, and Zaydite Shi‘ism as distinct developments in Islamic political life.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,100,104,109,114,119,124,127,130,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":120,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":123},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":129},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":133},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]