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The content explains why specific options are correct, then provides detailed reasoning on concepts such as definitions of key vocabulary, tuition-related context, and common usage rules. Grammar topics include present perfect with since/for, adverb placement, inversion, relative pronouns, parallelism with infinitives, tense consistency, dangling participles, idioms, and double negatives, each tied to concrete sentence examples.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/is-your-english-up-to-scratch-answers-and-explanations-part-1/411029/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/is-your-english-up-to-scratch-answers-and-explanations-part-1/411029.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Noah","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why does the present perfect tense need since or for in this document?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It states that present perfect is used with “since” or “for” because those words describe actions lasting up to the present.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"When should relative pronouns use “who” instead of “which”?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The document explains that university representatives are people, so the relative pronoun must be “who,” not “which,” which refers to things.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What is a dangling participle, according to the explanations here?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It defines participles as modifying nouns and says the noun that the participle refers to must be clear; otherwise the action is assigned to the wrong subject, as in the provided example.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},411029,1791123276,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},8796095462418,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80000253c1241d02b47?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778826106357471780","Is your English up to scratch?  \nvon Carsten Bösel  \nFind out if you are ready to study at an English-speaking institution  \nAnswers and explanations  \n1 Correct answer: C  \nA university’s mission is a concise statement of the organization’s purpose, the reason(s) it exists. The passage mentions that underlying the creation of the three-tiered University of California system was “a commitment to the notion that all qualified Californians, whatever their economic status, were entitled to the benefits of a college education.” That does not necessarily imply that university attendance should be completely free for all; rather, it suggests that whether or not someone can attend university should depend on their academic performance rather than their financial resources. The terms “college” and “university” are often used interchangeably in the United States.2  \n2 Correct answer: C  \nA bargain is a thing bought or offered for sale much more cheaply than is usual or expected.  \n3 Correct answer: D  \nThe passage mentions a big increase in tuition fees, suggesting that studying at the University of California has become too expensive for many students. Although the passage does refer to“financial turmoil,” there is nothing to suggest that that turmoil is related to the global financial crisis. Likewise, there is no statement indicating that the UC system is no longer viewed as a model of excellence by institutions abroad. It is now “one of the priciest”universities in the country, but not necessarily the single most expensive US university.  \n\n| 4 Correct answer: A\u003Cbr>The expression “to play havoc with” means to completely disrupt or destroy. |\n| --- |\n| 5 Correct answer: D\u003Cbr>The phrase “to have trouble” must be followed by the gerund, that is, the verb in its –ing form. |\n\n6 Correct answer: C  \nThe present perfect tense must be used in combination with “since” or “for,” because these words are used to talk about actions that last for a period of time that continues to the present.  \n_______________________________________________________________________  \n7 Correct answer: B  \nAn adverb (–ly) is needed here because it is a verb (“has risen”) that is being modified.  \n_______________________________________________________________________  \n8 Correct answer: A  \nUsually, the verb follows the subject in an English sentence, but sometimes this word order is reversed. This is called “inversion.” Inversion is used, for example, when we move adverbs or adverbial expressions with a negative or restrictive meaning (rarely, never, nowhere, hardly, not only, etc.) to the beginning of a sentence. This is the case here (“Only when …”) .  \n9 Correct answer: D  \nUniversity representatives are human beings, so the relative pronoun must be “who,” not“which,” which refers to things. Sometimes “who” can be replaced by “that,” but only in the case of restrictive relative clauses. In non-restrictive relative clauses such as this one, separated from the rest ofthe sentence by a comma,“that” may not be used.  \n10 Correct answer: B  \nThis sentence suffers from a lack of parallelism. Using parallel structures is a key feature of good writing, because parallelism puts the content of a sentence into a recognizable pattern, making it easier to understand. So if you compare two activities starting with an infinitive (“to ride”), the other activity should also be referred to in the infinitive (“to explain”): It is far easier to ride a bicycle than to explain in words exactly how a bicycle is ridden.  \n11 Correct answer: C  \nThis sentence is worded in the past tense, so all verbs should be in the past tense: “she sought out the work of sculptors …”  \n12 Correct answer: D  \nThis sentence is a good example of what is called a “dangling participle.” Participles are a type of verbal form (ending in –ing and sometimes –ed) that modifies nouns. The antecedent—that is, the noun to which the participle refers—must be clear to the readers in order for them to understand ","cbCaiuTNJvlHKRGj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuTNJvlHKRGj","pdf",41986,"English","# Answers and explanations\n## Vocabulary and reading comprehension\n## Grammar and sentence structure","[{\"question\":\"Why does the present perfect tense need since or for in this document?\",\"answer\":\"It states that present perfect is used with “since” or “for” because those words describe actions lasting up to the present.\"},{\"question\":\"When should relative pronouns use “who” instead of “which”?\",\"answer\":\"The document explains that university representatives are people, so the relative pronoun must be “who,” not “which,” which refers to things.\"},{\"question\":\"What is a dangling participle, according to the explanations here?\",\"answer\":\"It defines participles as modifying nouns and says the noun that the participle refers to must be clear; otherwise the action is assigned to the wrong subject, as in the provided example.\"}]","Is your English up to scratch? - Answers and explanations - Part 1 | PDF",1790587132,15]