[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-588439-105":59,"doc-detail-588439-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","is-romanian-science-school-curricula-open-towards-the-development-of-school-students-critical-thinking-skills","IS ROMANIAN SCIENCE SCHOOL CURRICULA OPEN TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL STUDENTS’ - CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS?","","Critical thinking is treated as a key learning outcome for all undergraduate students, enabling better responses to less-well defined problems and strengthening personal and professional readiness. The study analyzes 56 Romanian school science curricula from the Ministry of Education, Research and Innovation across terminology and critical-thinking-skill levels. Results show weak coverage of related terminology while critical thinking skills are unevenly represented, indicating limited concern from curriculum authors.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/is-romanian-science-school-curricula-open-towards-the-development-of-school-students-critical-thinking-skills/588439/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/is-romanian-science-school-curricula-open-towards-the-development-of-school-students-critical-thinking-skills/588439.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Putri","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is critical thinking emphasized in science education?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Critical thinking underpins informed and ethical engagement with scientific change, and helps students address problems that are not well defined.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the Romanian science curricula analyzed in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The analysis examined 56 curricula at two levels: terminology and the representation of critical thinking skills.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What main findings emerge regarding critical thinking in the curricula?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Terminological references related to critical thinking were limited, while critical thinking skills appeared disproportionately across primary and secondary science education curricula.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},588439,1792210053,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},962085571259,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Volume 2, Number 3, 2009  \nIS ROMANIAN SCIENCE SCHOOL CURRICULA OPEN TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL STUDENTS’  \nCRITICAL THINKING SKILLS?  \nLiliana Ciascai, Lavinia Haiduc  \nAbstract: Critical thinking is considered to be an important outcome that all students, regardless of their academic major, need to achieve during their undergraduate study. In additon, critical thinking allows students to respond to less-well defined problems and thus to be better prepared for both personal and professional challenges. Taking into consideration the importance of critical thinking in the learning process we have investigated, in order to identify the references to the concept of critical thinking, a number of 56 Romanian school science curricula available on the site of the Ministry of Education, Research and Innovation. The analysis has been made on two levels. The first level of analysis was the terminology level and the second level was the level of the critical thinking skills. The results show that the terminological entries (critical thinking, critical analysis, criticism etc.) are poor and the critical thinking skills are disproportionately represented in the curricula of the primary and secondary science education. The results presented in this study revealed that critical thinking is not a real concern for the authors of the Romanian science school curricula.  \nKey words: Critical thinking, Science, school curricula, undergraduate students  \n1. Critical thinking  \nThe need to address critical thinking in science education is substantial as it creates the base for experienced and ethical consumers of scientific change (Grigg, Gunn & Pomahac, 2007). The experts agreed that all students, regardless of their academic major, should achieve a number of outcomes during their undergraduate study and critical thinking was considered one of the the six major intellectual and practical skills that each student must achieve. Also, the Middle States Commission on Higher Education considers that critical thinking need to be “a major outcome of the general education curricular offerings at institutions”(2002) .  \nCritical thinking skills allow students to assimilate more rapidly the subject-specific content of a discipline and also provide a schema that allows students to engage and respond to less-well defined problems (Tsui, 2000); thus students are better prepared for both personal and professional challenges. Critical thinking skills have also positive implications for the learning environment because students who learn in classroom environments that foster these skills begin to consider themselves active contributors to the learning process (Tsui, 2000) and thus critical thinking skills could be considered a means of empowering students to better understand the world around them (Grigg, Gunn & Pomahac, 2007). Also constructing knowledge alongside professors and peers allows students to situate themselves within the learning process and this foster the development of higher order cognitive processes and mastery of subject matter (Tsui, 2000) .  \nTo think critically generally means to “reasonable reflective thinking that is focused on deciding what to believe and do”(Ennis, 1985, p.45) . APA Delphy Report (quated by Facione, 1990) defines critical thinking showing that \"we understand critical thinking to be purposeful, self-regulatory judgment which results in interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference as well as explanation of the  \nReceived 5 September 2009, accepted 20 September 2009, published 30 September 2009  \nevidential, conceptual, methodological, criteriological, or contextual considerations upon which that judgment is based\".  \nMore recently, critical thinking is defined as “the use of those cognitive skills that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. It is used to describe thinking that is purposeful, reasoned, and goal-directed—the kind of thinking involved in solving problems, formulating inferences, calcul","cbCaicgtJqQLC9Ia","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicgtJqQLC9Ia","pdf",220058,"English","# Critical thinking\n## Need for critical thinking in science education\n## Definitions and operational meaning\n## Characteristics and categories of critical thinking skills","[{\"question\":\"Why is critical thinking emphasized in science education?\",\"answer\":\"Critical thinking underpins informed and ethical engagement with scientific change, and helps students address problems that are not well defined.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the Romanian science curricula analyzed in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The analysis examined 56 curricula at two levels: terminology and the representation of critical thinking skills.\"},{\"question\":\"What main findings emerge regarding critical thinking in the curricula?\",\"answer\":\"Terminological references related to critical thinking were limited, while critical thinking skills appeared disproportionately across primary and secondary science education curricula.\"}]","IS ROMANIAN SCIENCE SCHOOL CURRICULA OPEN TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL STUDENTS’ - CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS? | PDF",1792065254,25]