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It also tests whether these perceptions vary by university, gender, family income level, grade level, and general academic achievement GPA. Universities in Turkey’s Western Black Sea region were selected, and 407 pre-service teachers were interviewed using Ayaz’s Multicultural Perception Scale (2016). Screening design data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent-samples t test, and Kruskal–Wallis test, revealing generally high multiculturalism perceptions and significant differences by university, GPA, and income.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/investigation-of-the-multicultural-perception-levels-of-pre-service-physical-education-teachers-the-case-of-western-black-sea/592799/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/investigation-of-the-multicultural-perception-levels-of-pre-service-physical-education-teachers-the-case-of-western-black-sea/592799.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Marglet","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the aim of the study on pre-service physical education teachers?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study aimed to examine multicultural perception levels of pre-service physical education teachers and evaluate whether these levels differ across selected demographic and academic variables.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the participants selected and how was data collected?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Universities in the Western Black Sea region were selected, and 407 pre-service teachers were interviewed. Data were collected using the Multicultural Perception Scale developed by Ayaz (2016).",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors were associated with significant differences in multicultural perceptions?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Multiculturalism perceptions did not significantly change by gender and grade levels, but significant differences were found by university, general academic achievement GPA, and family income level.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},592799,1792166126,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},2336477982702,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Asian Journal of Education and Training  \nVol. 6, No. 2, 122-129, 2020 ISSN(E): 2519-5387  \nDOI: 10.20448/journal.522.2020 .62.122.129  \n© 2020 by the authors; licensee Asian Online Journal Publishing Group  \nInvestigation of the Multicultural Perception Levels of Pre-service Physical Education Teachers: The Case of Western Black Sea  \nIsa Dogan   \nHasan Doğan Physical Education and Sports, Karabük University, Turkey.  \nAbstract  \nThe aim of the current study is to examine the multicultural perception levels of pre-service physical education teachers. In the scope of the study, it was also examined whether the preservice teachers' multicultural perception levels differ according to their university, gender, family income level, grade level and general academic achievement grade point average. In this direction, the universities in the Western Black Sea Region were selected and 407 pre-service teachers were interviewed. In the study, which was conducted in a screening design, one of the quantitative research methods, the data were collected with Multicultural Perception Scale developed by Ayaz (2016) . The data of the research were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t test for unrelated measurements and Kruskal Wallis test. As a result of the study, it was determined that pre-service teachers' perceptions of multiculturalism were high. While It was determined that pre-service teachers’ perceptions of multiculturalism did not show a significant change according to their gender and grade levels, there were significant differences according to the university, general academic achievement grade point average and the income level of their families.  \nKeywords: Pre-service physical education teacher, Western Black Sea region, Multiculturalism, Multicultural perception, Education, Gender.  \nFunding: This study received no specific financial support.  \nCompeting Interests: The author declares that there are no conflicts of interests regarding the publication of this paper.  \nTransparency: The author confirms that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study was reported; that no vital features of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned have been explained.  \nEthical: This study follows all ethical practices during writing.  \nContents  \n1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................... 123  \n2. Method ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 123  \n3. Findings ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 125  \n4. Discussion and Conclusion........................................................................................................................................................... 127  \nReferences ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 128  \nContribution of this paper to the literature  \nThis study contributes to existing literature by examining the multicultural perception levels of pre-service physical education teachers.  \n1. Introduction  \nThe Turkish Language Institution defines the word culture as the totality of all material and spiritual values created in the historical, social development process and the means used to convey these to the next generations in creating them and showing the measure of human sovereignty to the natural and social environment. In short, culture which can be expressed as the material and non-material values of a society contains language, re","cbCaiaxouUGMk45X","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaxouUGMk45X","pdf",675526,"English","# Introduction\n# Method\n# Findings\n# Discussion and Conclusion\n# References","[{\"question\":\"What was the aim of the study on pre-service physical education teachers?\",\"answer\":\"The study aimed to examine multicultural perception levels of pre-service physical education teachers and evaluate whether these levels differ across selected demographic and academic variables.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the participants selected and how was data collected?\",\"answer\":\"Universities in the Western Black Sea region were selected, and 407 pre-service teachers were interviewed. Data were collected using the Multicultural Perception Scale developed by Ayaz (2016).\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors were associated with significant differences in multicultural perceptions?\",\"answer\":\"Multiculturalism perceptions did not significantly change by gender and grade levels, but significant differences were found by university, general academic achievement GPA, and family income level.\"}]","Investigation of the Multicultural Perception Levels of Pre-service Physical Education Teachers - The Case of Western Black Sea | PDF",1792075649]