[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-603184-105":59,"doc-detail-603184-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","investigation-of-four-operation-problem-solving-skills-of-primary-school-fourth-grade-students-according-to-unknown-situation1","Investigation of Four Operation Problem Solving Skills of Primary School Fourth-Grade Students According to Unknown Situation1","","Problem solving skill is treated as a foundational ability for students in both mathematics education and everyday life. This study examines fourth-grade elementary students’ performance on four-operation problems with different unknowns (initial, change, and final unknown), and analyzes solutions using Polya’s problem-solving steps. A quantitative survey model with 150 students is conducted using the Bayar (2022) Problem-Solving Achievement Test. Results show higher success when the outcome is unknown, with weaker performance in planning, executing, and controlling steps compared to understanding, plus overall moderate-to-low positive relationships among variables.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/investigation-of-four-operation-problem-solving-skills-of-primary-school-fourth-grade-students-according-to-unknown-situation1/603184/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/investigation-of-four-operation-problem-solving-skills-of-primary-school-fourth-grade-students-according-to-unknown-situation1/603184.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"MrHarris58","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What is the research purpose of this study?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"The study examines fourth-grade students’ skills in solving four-operation problems structured around different unknown situations, and analyzes their solutions using Polya’s steps.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How was students’ performance measured?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"A quantitative survey model was used, with 150 fourth-grade students. Data were collected using the “Problem-Solving Achievement Test” developed by Bayar (2022).",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"Which type of unknown problems did students solve more successfully?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"Students were significantly more successful with problems where the outcome (result) was the unknown than with problems where both the initial and change unknowns were involved.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},603184,1792095858,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":128,"read_time":143},687212988360,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Investigation of Four Operation Problem Solving Skills of Primary School Fourth-Grade Students According to Unknown Situation1  \nMine BAYAR 2  \nHarran University  \nNeşe IŞIK TERTEMİZ3  \nGazi University  \nAbstract  \nProblem solving skill is a basic skill that students should acquire both in mathematics education and their daily lives. This research aims to examine fourth-grade elementary school student skills in solving four-operation problems prepared in different structures according to the situation of the unknown. In this research, on the one hand, students' success in solving four-operation problems prepared according to the unknown (initial, change, and final unknown) was examined, and on the other hand, problem solutions were analyzed according to Polyo's problem solving steps. This research is a survey model from quantitative research methods. The sample of this research consists of 150 students studying in the fourth grade of two public primary schools in Amasya city center in the 2021-2022 academic year. The\"Problem-Solving Achievement Test\" developed by Bayar (2022) was used as a measurement tool in this research. Based on the findings obtained because of the analysis of the data; it was determined that students were significantly more successful in problems with unknown outcomes than in problems with unknown both initial and change. Besides, although the students were successful in the step of understanding the problem in the problem-solving steps, they were less successful in the steps of planning, executing the plan, and controlling the plan, respectively, compared to the step of understanding the problem. A positive relationship was found between all the variables in this research, albeit at a moderate and low level. It would be beneficial to revise the problems in the textbooks and classroom practices within the framework of the results.  \nKeywords: Problem solving, problems with unknown start, change and result, problem solving steps  \nDOI: 10.29329/epasr.2024.1067 .1  \nSubmitted:29 July 2023 Accepted: 25 August 2024 Published: 30 September 2024  \n1 An earlier version of this paper was presented as a paper presentation at the “EJSER 11th International Symposium on Social Sciences”, Lausanne, Switzerland, May 20-22, 2023.  \n2 Dr., Faculty of Education, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3902-4398, [Correspondence:](Correspondence: minebayar0815@gmail.com)[ minebayar0815@gmail.com](Correspondence: minebayar0815@gmail.com)  \n3 Prof. Dr., Faculty of Education, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. ORCID ID. 0000-0001-7033-7192, [netertemiz@gazi.edu.tr](netertemiz@gazi.edu.tr).  \nIntroduction  \nOur daily lives are full of mathematical problem-solving. In today's world, all the major issues of making purchases, choosing insurance, health plans, retirement, or business require individuals with mathematical competence and the ability to solve real-life problems. Therefore, mastering the skills necessary for problem-solving during the school years is crucial for functioning effectively in society. Today, the ability of all students to construct new mathematical knowledge through problem-solving, to solve problems that arise in mathematics and other contexts, to apply a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems, and to monitor and reflect on the process of mathematical problem-solving is coming to the fore, making problem-solving a desirable goal of school programs (Smith, 2001). Many countries include problem solving skills as one of the main objectives in their education programs (OECD, 2010) . Perker (2009) stated that the importance of problem solving is increasing in the world mathematics and problem solving is an important part of the renewed curriculum in our country. In the program, it is stated that students will be able to explain their own ideas and reasoning during the problem-solving process and become aware of the deficiencies or weaknesses in the reasoning of other individuals. ","cbCaivbvrCi4mFvU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivbvrCi4mFvU","pdf",323239,22,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Problem-solving as a daily-life and curriculum goal\n# Steps in Problem Solving Process","[{\"question\":\"What is the research purpose of this study?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines fourth-grade students’ skills in solving four-operation problems structured around different unknown situations, and analyzes their solutions using Polya’s steps.\"},{\"question\":\"How was students’ performance measured?\",\"answer\":\"A quantitative survey model was used, with 150 fourth-grade students. Data were collected using the “Problem-Solving Achievement Test” developed by Bayar (2022).\"},{\"question\":\"Which type of unknown problems did students solve more successfully?\",\"answer\":\"Students were significantly more successful with problems where the outcome (result) was the unknown than with problems where both the initial and change unknowns were involved.\"}]","Investigation of Four Operation Problem Solving Skills of Primary School Fourth-Grade Students According to Unknown Situation1 | PDF",55]