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This study adds a bowl-based visual aid to an orthographic drawing unit to test its usefulness. 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Upadhe  \nMechanical/VVPIET/Solapur University, Solapur/Maharashtra/India  \nProf. Y.N.Jangale  \nMechanical/VVPIET/Solapur University, Solapur/Maharashtra/India  \nProf. P.C.Dagade  \nMechanical/VVPIET/Solapur University, Solapur/Maharashtra/India  \nABSTRACT  \nOrthographic projection drawings are the primary communication media of engineers, architects and other designers. While learning how to create this type of drawing, students often struggle in correctly placing the individual views of the object within the orthographic layout so that the drawing can convey its full meaning. In this study a visual aid based on a bowl was added to a unit on orthographic drawing to find whether students found this alternative visual aid helpful. It was found that many students in this investigation responded positively to the bowl visual aid with some reporting it more helpful than the hinged glass box visual aid. It was also found that many of the students who found this alternative visual aid helpful predominantly shared two common spatial visualization deficiencies that were easy to Identify with simple spatial visualization pre-tests.  \nI) INTRODUCTION  \nEngineers and other designers must communicate with each other and with those who will create their designs. The engineering print is the means of communication that designers use to communicate with each other as well as with the welders, machinists, carpenters and many other professionals that help create new products. One of the challenges that designers face in the process of communicating with production workers is that their product is three-dimensional 3D in nature, while the drawing representing it is two-dimensional 2D for a successful communication of ideas between these two groups, it is essential that the designer creates drawings that conform to engineering standards [1] Drawing to a set of standards enables others to correctly read the print so they are able to interpret the information conveyed by the drawing with maximum clarity and minimal confusion [2] .In order to completely describe a 3D object through 2D drawings, the orthographic projection technique was developed to show all the needed information in an organized manner. This most commonly used type of engineering drawing consists of multiple 2D views of the object in a specified arrangement. The necessary views of an object are placed in positions relative to each other to allow the reader to transfer information from one view to another. Figure 1 is an example of a third angle and first angle orthographic projection drawing. Each dimension of the object is given only in one view so that the reader must look to the other views for other information about this object. The use of this orthographic projection view alignment allows the reader to transfer information from one view to another view.  \n\n| | |\n| --- | --- |\n\nFIGURE1.1 3rd angle and 1st angle projection of orthographic view  \n[www.ijert.org](www.ijert.org) 199  \nInternational Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181  \nVol. 2 Issue 4, April-2013  \nI.I ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS  \nIn technical drawing, there are two types of orthographic drawings that are commonly used: first and third angle orthographic projections. Third angle projection is most widely used in the United States while first angle projection is commonly used in Europe [3] . Figure 1 is an example of third angle projection and first angle projection. The important difference between these two techniques in respect to this study is the placement of the various views of the object on the paper in relation to the most detailed primary view known as the front view. In third angle projection, the top view of the object is placed above the front view, while in the first angle pro","cbCaisA4jL0kDR7B","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisA4jL0kDR7B","pdf",512442,"English","# ABSTRACT\n# I) INTRODUCTION\n## I.I ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the study address in learning orthographic drawing?\",\"answer\":\"Students often have difficulty correctly placing individual views within the orthographic layout so the drawing conveys its full meaning.\"},{\"question\":\"What visual aid is introduced in this study?\",\"answer\":\"A visual aid based on a bowl is added to the orthographic drawing unit to help students understand view placement.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the findings compare the bowl aid with the glass box aid?\",\"answer\":\"Many students reported the bowl visual aid as more helpful than the hinged glass box visual aid.\"}]","Investigating Use of Glass Box & Rotating Bowl to Teach - Orthographic Views | PDF",13]