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Using a quantitative relational survey model, it tests whether students’ positive and negative AI attitudes relate to understanding and applying AI concepts. Data were collected with AI attitude and AI literacy scales, then analyzed via descriptive statistics, comparative methods, correlation analysis, and multinominal logistic regression. Results show moderate AI literacy, high positive attitudes, moderate negative attitudes, significant correlations, and discipline- and gender-related differences.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/investigating-the-relationship-between-university-students-attitudes-toward-artificial-intelligence-and-their-artificial-intelligence-literacy/599521/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/investigating-the-relationship-between-university-students-attitudes-toward-artificial-intelligence-and-their-artificial-intelligence-literacy/599521.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"jayni","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the study investigate?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study examines how university students’ attitudes toward AI relate to their AI literacy levels.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the data collected and analyzed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Data were collected using an AI attitude scale and an AI literacy scale, then analyzed with descriptive statistics, comparative analyses, correlation analysis, and multinominal logistic regression.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What relationships did the findings show?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Students generally had moderate AI literacy; positive attitudes were high and negative attitudes were moderate, with significant positive links between AI literacy and positive attitudes and negative links between AI literacy and negative attitudes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},599521,1792161103,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747859343,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Contemporary Educational Technology, 2026, 18(2), ep644  \n ISSN: 1309-517X (Online)   \n OPEN ACCESS  Research Article  \nInvestigating the relationship between university students’attitudes toward artificial intelligence and their artificial intelligence literacy  \nRoza Sh. Akhmadieva 1  \n 0000-0002-1583-3975  \nRegina G. Sakhieva 2*  \n 0000-0003-2585-6174  \nMaria A. Khvatova 3,4  \n 0000-0002-2156-8805  \nNatalya S. Erokhova 5  \n 0000-0002-8061-8112  \nZhanna M. Sizova 6  \n 0000-0002-1242-7074  \nNatalya N. Shindryaeva 6  \n 0000-0001-6560-2756  \n1 Kazan State Institute of Culture, Kazan, RUSSIA  \n2 Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, RUSSIA  \n3 Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, RUSSIA  \n4 National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Moscow, RUSSIA  \n5 Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, RUSSIA  \n6 Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RUSSIA  \n* Corresponding author: [saxievarg@mail.ru](saxievarg@mail.ru)  \nCitation: Akhmadieva, R. Sh., Sakhieva, R. G., Khvatova, M. A., Erokhova, N. S., Sizova, Z. M., & Shindryaeva, N. N. (2026) . Investigating the relationship between university students’ attitudes toward artificial intelligence and their artificial intelligence literacy. Contemporary Educational Technology, 18(2), Article ep644. [https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18082](https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18082)  \nARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT  \nReceived: 7 Sep 2025  \nAccepted: 16 Jan 2026  \nThis study aims to examine the relationship between university students’ attitudes towards artificial intelligence (AI) and AI literacy levels. A quantitative research method was used using the relational survey model to determine whether students’ attitudes of AI, both positive and negative, were related to their understanding and application (literacy) of AI concepts. The data were collected with the AI attitude scale and the AI literacy scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparative analyses, correlation analysis, and multinominal logistic regression analysis to determine the strength and nature of the relationship between AI attitudes and literacy. The results of the research determined that the students generally had a moderate level of AI literacy, their positive attitudes were high and their negative attitudes were moderate. It was determined that male students and upper-grade students had higher AI literacy and positive attitudes, while engineering and social sciences students had more positive perspectives among disciplines. Correlation analyses show that there are significant positive relationships between AI literacy and positive attitude, and negative relationships between negative attitudes. The model explains the AI literacy level with a rate of 38.6%. According to the findings of the research, it is recommended that university administrations offer course contents, workshops and certificate programs that will increase AI literacy by considering discipline-based differences. It is recommended to disseminate informative and guiding activities, especially in areas where negative attitudes are high, such as health sciences. On the other hand students should make individual efforts to learn not only the user level, but also the  \ntechnical, ethical and social dimensions of AI. It is important for them to evaluate technology inline with the principles of critical thinking, ethical awareness and digital responsibility.  \nKeywords: artificial intelligence, AI literacy, attitudes, university students, technology in education, digital competency  \nINTRODUCTION  \nToday, with the development of technology, artificial intelligence (AI) is effective not only in the field of engineering or computer science, but also in all of social life. This transformation not only shapes the daily lives of individuals, but also affects education systems, learning processes and students’ preparation for the profession (Luckin et al., 2016) . Univ","cbCaiaUYSE00uOdl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaUYSE00uOdl","pdf",333209,17,"English","# Article Info Abstract\n# Introduction\n## AI in society and education\n## Attitudes and AI literacy concepts","[{\"question\":\"What does the study investigate?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines how university students’ attitudes toward AI relate to their AI literacy levels.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the data collected and analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"Data were collected using an AI attitude scale and an AI literacy scale, then analyzed with descriptive statistics, comparative analyses, correlation analysis, and multinominal logistic regression.\"},{\"question\":\"What relationships did the findings show?\",\"answer\":\"Students generally had moderate AI literacy; positive attitudes were high and negative attitudes were moderate, with significant positive links between AI literacy and positive attitudes and negative links between AI literacy and negative attitudes.\"}]","Investigating the relationship between university students’ attitudes toward artificial intelligence and their artificial intelligence literacy | PDF",1792088927,43]