[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-590016-105":59,"doc-detail-590016-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","interpreting-and-markers-in-nigerian-courtroom-discourse","Interpreting and Markers in Nigerian Courtroom Discourse","","Power and control embedded in courtroom questions varies by question type, and the paper links this variation to the interpretation process. It observes that questions with a high degree of control tend to lose power when courtroom interpreters are required, especially as lawyers manage control through interrogative forms such as declarative, yes/no, and alternative questions. Discourse markers like now, so, and ok further enhance coercion, but their influence is reduced through interpreting; thus interpreters lessen lawyers’ power and control.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/interpreting-and-markers-in-nigerian-courtroom-discourse/590016/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/interpreting-and-markers-in-nigerian-courtroom-discourse/590016.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Cart","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How do question types affect power and control in Nigerian courtroom discourse?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Power and control embedded in questions varies according to question type. The paper ranges question types by their degree of control and notes that those with a high degree of control lose power through interpreting.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role do courtroom interpreters play in lawyers’ power and control?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Courtroom interpreters reduce the power and control lawyers maintain through the type of questions they ask and through discourse-related strategies during trial.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do discourse markers influence courtroom power relations, and what happens during interpreting?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Discourse markers such as now, so, and ok signify a lawyer’s power and control over witnesses and defendants, enhancing coercion and challenge. Their effect is further reduced through the process of interpreting.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},590016,1792479770,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},18829141979164,"https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Advances in Language and Literary Studies  \nISSN: 2203-4714  \n[www.alls.aiac.org.au](www.alls.aiac.org.au)  \n| Interpreting and Markers in Nigerian Courtroom Discourse\u003Cbr>Farinde Raifu Olanrewaju*, Oyedokun-Alli, Wasiu Ademola\u003Cbr>Department of English And Literary Studies,Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria Corresponding Author: Farinde Raifu Olanrewaju, [E-mail: mikh_fad75@yahoo.com](E-mail: mikh_fad75@yahoo.com) |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| ARTICLE INFO | ABSTRACT\u003Cbr>It has already been affirmed that power and control embedded in questions varies according to |\n| Article history |  |\n| Received: March 07, 2020 | question type (Luchjenbroers 1999, Rigney 1999 etc). The paper ranges question types according |\n| Accepted: May 13, 2020 | to their degree of control and observes that those with high degree of control lost their power |\n| Published: June 30, 2020\u003Cbr>Volume: 11 Issue: 3\u003Cbr>Advance access: June 2020 | and control through the process of interpreting. It is further observed that since lawyers always maintain power and control through the type of questions they ask (such as declarative, yes/no, alternative questions) they are at the losing end whenever there is the need for court interpreter. Similarly, the use of discourse markers in the court (such as now, so, and, ok), also signifies lawyer’s power and control over the witnesses and defendants and these are always used to |\n|  |  |\n| Conflicts of interest: None | further enhance the power, coercion and challenging nature of the lawyers (see Hale 1999) . The |\n| Funding: None | study further notes that the power and control of questions coating discourse markers are always |\n|  | reducing through the process of interpreting. The paper opines that the presence of courtroom interpreters in court reduces the power and control of lawyers in court. |\n| Key words:\u003Cbr>Questions, Power, |  |\n| Discourse Markers,\u003Cbr>Control, |  |\n| Interpreter, Lawyers, Declarative |  |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nNigeria is an heterogeneous society and in such a society, multilingualism thrives. The history of Nigeria shows from the earliest times that Nigeria (through a natural phenomenon, the Niger-Benue Y shaped river) is divided into three major areas which are the North, the West and the East. This division tallies with the three major languages groups in Nigeria: the Hausa in the North, the Yoruba in the West and the Igbo in the East.  \nBeyond these three major languages groups, it is estimated that there are more than 400 indigenous languages spoken in Nigeria. It is not possible, of course, to name all the over 400 languages and the numerous ethnic groups. The multiplicity of languages is such a noted phenomenon in Nigeria that within these prominent ethnic groups, there are still differences in languages and dialects found within a linguistic group that are not mutually intelligible. That is speakers of these dialects do not understand each other, though they belong to the same linguistic group.  \nDespite the fact of this multilingualism in Nigeria, English is still the only language used to hear trials and to keep the court record. This is as a result of English being the  \nofficial language of Nigeria. Even though, the three major languages in Nigeria, that is Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba have been given official backing as official languages (see the 1979 constitution of the federal republic of Nigeria, chapter 4 part B, section 51, and the national policy on education, 1997 as revised in 1981) what has been noted is that over the years, these three languages have not risen up to the status of being adopted and used as national languages. This can be attributed to the fact that every major ethnic group or linguistic community in Nigeria seems to have one major language and several other languages and dialects. More often than not, language constitutes very serious barriers among the Nigerian citizens belonging to different linguistic backgrounds. That is why English language still continues to act as the","cbCaioNAzvCF7wsb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioNAzvCF7wsb","pdf",183773,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Research Problem Description\n## Aims and Objectives of the Research","[{\"question\":\"How do question types affect power and control in Nigerian courtroom discourse?\",\"answer\":\"Power and control embedded in questions varies according to question type. The paper ranges question types by their degree of control and notes that those with a high degree of control lose power through interpreting.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do courtroom interpreters play in lawyers’ power and control?\",\"answer\":\"Courtroom interpreters reduce the power and control lawyers maintain through the type of questions they ask and through discourse-related strategies during trial.\"},{\"question\":\"How do discourse markers influence courtroom power relations, and what happens during interpreting?\",\"answer\":\"Discourse markers such as now, so, and ok signify a lawyer’s power and control over witnesses and defendants, enhancing coercion and challenge. Their effect is further reduced through the process of interpreting.\"}]","Interpreting and Markers in Nigerian Courtroom Discourse | PDF",1792068614,25]