[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-484126-105":59,"doc-detail-484126-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","interpreting-acer-test-results-understanding-pat-scales-and-norm-tables","Interpreting ACER Test Results - Understanding PAT Scales and Norm Tables","","Interpreting ACER Progressive Achievement Tests (PAT) focuses on how to read different reported results, including norm tables, margin of error, and outcome definitions. The document explains raw scores, PAT scale scores, percentile ranks, and stanine scores, clarifying how scale scores reflect skill and knowledge at item difficulty and support comparisons across test booklets. It also provides guidance for interpreting small score differences by accounting for measurement error and using norm-reference samples, with examples that contrast raw-score versus scale-score meaning.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/interpreting-acer-test-results-understanding-pat-scales-and-norm-tables/484126/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/interpreting-acer-test-results-understanding-pat-scales-and-norm-tables/484126.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"วิน","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the difference between a raw score and a PAT scale score?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"A test raw score is the number of correct answers, while a PAT scale score converts the raw score onto the relevant PAT scale using Rasch model analysis. The scale score allows achievement and item difficulty to be located on the same scale.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does a percentile rank indicate in the PAT results?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A percentile rank shows the percentage of students in the reference sample whose scores were lower than or equal to the student’s score. It ranks candidates within a norm-reference sample rather than giving a test-day percentage result.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How should margin of error be used when interpreting PAT scores?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Each test has an associated margin of error, often expressed as plus/minus a value around the scale score. Small score differences should not be treated as meaningful when they fall within the inherent measurement error, especially at very high or very low scores.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},484126,1790801914,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":19,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":52,"preview_page_count":4},2336475104736,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c5e0e5b17e70?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786591360781797222","Interpreting ACER Test Results  \nThis document briefly explains the different results provided by the ACER Progressive Achievement Tests (PAT) . More detailed information can be found in the relevant teacher manuals.  \nUnderstanding the norm tables  \nThe norm table for each of the tests shows the corresponding PAT scale score, percentile rank and stanine score. It also gives the margin of error for each scale score. Note that each PAT assessment has a unique scale. For example, PAT-R Comprehension, PAT-R Vocabulary and PAT Science have unique scales. The exceptions are PATMaths and PATMaths Plus (the online version of PATMaths), which share the same patm scale, and PAT-R Spelling and PAT-SPG Spelling, which share the same pats scale.  \nDefinitions of the results  \n• The test raw score is the number of correct answers on a test.  \n• The PAT scale score is the test raw score converted to the relevant PAT scale. Based on analysis of the data using the Rasch model, this scale enables student achievement and question difficulties to be located on the same scale.  \n• The percentile rank for a particular test raw score shows the percentage of the students tested whose scores fell below that test raw score. It is a measure used to rank candidates in a reference sample, not a percentage score on the test.  \n• A stanine provides a coarser ranking than the percentile rank. Stanines divide the total student distribution of abilities into nine categories, with stanine 1 the lowest, stanine 5 the midpoint and stanine 9 the highest.  \nExplanation of the PAT results  \nScale scores  \nScale scores are the best measure of students’progress over time. The scale score of an item is a measure of the extent of skills and knowledge required from a student to be successful on the item. A difficult item has a high scale score because it requires more sophisticated skills and richer knowledge to be answered correctly than items lower on the scale. Thus, scale scores take into consideration the level of difficulty of the test items and the level of ability of the students.  \nFor example, a test raw score of 18 on PATMaths Test Booklet 1 is equal to a scale score of 31.4, whereas the same test raw score on PATMaths Test Booklet 2 is equal to a scale score of 40.1. This example shows that relying on test raw scores alone does not give an  \naccurate picture of a student’s ability. Obtaining the same score on both tests could suggest that the two results are equivalent, whereas a comparison of the scale scores shows that the second score is much higher than the first.  \nQualities of scale scores  \n• Scale scores are measures on an interval scale. This means that a difference of 5 in scale scores in the middle of the PAT scale (for example, from 50 to 55) is equivalent to the same difference on any other part of the scale (for example, from 15 to 20 or from 85 to 90) .  \n• Scale scores allow comparison of results on test booklets of varying difficulty.  \n• Scale scores enable the tracking of students’ development in skills as measured by the test from year to year.  \n• Scale scores provide a common achievement scale for all test booklets giving teachers the flexibility to match test level to student ability and measure growth over time.  \nScale score margins of error  \nAll tests have an associated margin of error. Using statistical principles, test developers are able to inform the users of the size of the likely error on any given test score with a great deal of accuracy. These margins of error are often expressed as +/–(plus or minus) a particular value. For example, on the norm table in the PATMaths Teacher Manual (page 65), a student with a test raw score of 16 on PATMaths Test Booklet 2 would have a corresponding scale score of 37.6. The error margin for this score is 3.5, so the student’s real score is likely to fall between 34.1 and 41.1 (37.6 plus and minus 3.5) .  \nWhen you are interpreting results it is important to pay attention to the inherent err","cbCain3dw8oJR9Sx","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCain3dw8oJR9Sx","pdf",536607,"English","# Understanding PAT Results\n## Understanding the norm tables\n## Definitions of the results\n## Explanation of the PAT results\n### Scale scores\n### Qualities of scale scores\n### Scale score margins of error\n### Percentile ranks\n### Stanine scores","[{\"question\":\"What is the difference between a raw score and a PAT scale score?\",\"answer\":\"A test raw score is the number of correct answers, while a PAT scale score converts the raw score onto the relevant PAT scale using Rasch model analysis. The scale score allows achievement and item difficulty to be located on the same scale.\"},{\"question\":\"What does a percentile rank indicate in the PAT results?\",\"answer\":\"A percentile rank shows the percentage of students in the reference sample whose scores were lower than or equal to the student’s score. It ranks candidates within a norm-reference sample rather than giving a test-day percentage result.\"},{\"question\":\"How should margin of error be used when interpreting PAT scores?\",\"answer\":\"Each test has an associated margin of error, often expressed as plus/minus a value around the scale score. Small score differences should not be treated as meaningful when they fall within the inherent measurement error, especially at very high or very low scores.\"}]","Interpreting ACER Test Results - Understanding PAT Scales and Norm Tables | PDF"]