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The paper proposes a two-part mathematical model using a fuzzy expert system for codetype determination and fuzzy-number n-tuples to measure agreement via degrees of match, implemented in MATLAB Fuzzy Logic Toolbox.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/interpretation-of-the-mmpi-2-test-based-on-fuzzy-set-techniques/294061/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/interpretation-of-the-mmpi-2-test-based-on-fuzzy-set-techniques/294061.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Aran","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",18,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the purpose of using MMPI-2 in this paper?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"MMPI-2 is presented as a screening and characterization tool for pathological personality features and psychic disorders. The paper focuses on interpreting results through codetype determination and verification.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does the proposed model determine codetype?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The first part uses a fuzzy expert system to formalize the linguistic description of the original MMPI methodology with modified conditions. It searches for codetypes using this formalized rule-based approach.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How is agreement between a patient’s data and prototypic profiles computed?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"In the second part, each prototypic profile is represented as an n-tuple of fuzzy numbers. 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Mathematics, 16 (2010), 5{16 .  \nReceived: 23 June 2009, Accepted: 2 February 2010 .  \nINTERPRETATION OF THE MMPI-2 TEST BASED ON  \nFUZZY SET TECHNIQUES  \n􀀔 􀀓 􀀓 􀀔 􀀓 􀀔  \nIVETA BEBCAKOVA, JANA TALASOVA, AND PAVEL SKOBRTAL  \nAbstract. MMPI-2 (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) is a psychological test for detecting pathological features of personality. After answering all the items of the test each patient is assigned a codetype describing his/her mental health. The diagnosed pro􀀌le of a patient is veri􀀌ed by the comparison of his/her data to the prototypic pro􀀌le of the given codetype. This paper introduces a mathematical model for codetype determination and codetype veri􀀌cation. The model has two parts. The 􀀌rst solves the problem of codetype determination by using a fuzzy expert system to formally express the linguistic description of the original method. In the second part, each prototypic pro􀀌le is described by an n-tuple of fuzzy numbers. This allows us to e􀀋ectively 􀀌nd the degree of agreement between the pro􀀌les and data obtained from the patient. The proposed mathematical model is realized in the MATLAB Fuzzy Logic toolbox.  \n1. Introduction  \nMMPI-2 (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) is one of the most frequently used tests for characterization of personality features and psychic disorders. The 􀀌rst version of the test, MMPI, was developed by psychologist S. R. Hathaway and psychiatrist J. C. McKinley [6] of the Minnesota University. Their goal was to develop an instrument to describe patient's personality more e􀀋ectively than what was allowed by the psychiatric interview with the patient, [1] . At the same time it was desirable to replace a great number of tests, focusing on single features, by a single test capable of full characterization. The fruit of their labor was an extensive testing method with applications far beyond the clinical practice. Today, a revised version of the test, MMPI-2 [3], is used. MMPI-2 isan important screening method for detecting pathological personality features, which is used in clinical practice, as well as in entrance interviews for universities, military, police, or leading positions [7] .  \n2000 Mathematics Subject Classi􀀌cation. 03E72, 91E45, 93A30 .  \nKey words and phrases. MMPI-2, Psychometry, Fuzzy expert systems, Base of rules, Linguistic variable.  \nUse of the MMPI-2 is very demanding. The examiner needs to possess knowledge of theory and use of psychological tests; he/she should have a Master degree in personal psychology and psychopathology, [7] . Furthermore, correct interpretation of the test requires experience with the MMPI-2 and a special training. For this reason, a software with transparent results providing solid basis for the clinic deliberation would be an enormous asset.  \n1.1. Quantitative interpretation of MMPI-2 . An important part of the testing process is quantitative interpretation,[5] . Answers to questionnaire questions are used to saturate a large number of scales. Their rough point values are then transformed into linear T-scores. Based on values of these, a codetype of the patient is determined.  \nThe basis for the MMPI-2 interpretation is a determination of codetype, if possible. Each codetype is de􀀌ned by T-scores often clinical scales (1-Hypochondriasis, 2-Depression, 3-Hysteria, 4-Psychopathic deviate, 5-Masculinity-Feminity, 6-Paranoia, 7-Psychasthenia, 8-Schizophrenia, 9-Hypomania, 0-Social introversion) . Value of each T-score comes from the interval [0 ; 120] . Values higher than 65 are considered signi􀀌cantly elevated. According to number and type of increased clinical scales we de􀀌ne 55 di􀀋erent codetypes. Codetypes with one signi􀀌cantly elevated clinical scale are designated \\Spike\" (ten possible types), while two signi􀀌cantly elevated scales represent a \\Two Point\" (45 possible types) . For a codetype tobe well de􀀌ned, there has to be at least 􀀌ve point di􀀋erence between the T-scores o","cbCaisOzz87Sps4F","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisOzz87Sps4F","pdf",318606,12,"English","# Introduction\n## Quantitative interpretation of MMPI-2","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of using MMPI-2 in this paper?\",\"answer\":\"MMPI-2 is presented as a screening and characterization tool for pathological personality features and psychic disorders. The paper focuses on interpreting results through codetype determination and verification.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the proposed model determine codetype?\",\"answer\":\"The first part uses a fuzzy expert system to formalize the linguistic description of the original MMPI methodology with modified conditions. It searches for codetypes using this formalized rule-based approach.\"},{\"question\":\"How is agreement between a patient’s data and prototypic profiles computed?\",\"answer\":\"In the second part, each prototypic profile is represented as an n-tuple of fuzzy numbers. This representation enables calculating a degree of agreement between patient data and the prototypic profiles.\"}]","INTERPRETATION OF THE MMPI-2 TEST BASED ON FUZZY SET TECHNIQUES | PDF"]