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Cosmogenic 3He and 21Ne dating of flood-deposited boulders shows Big Lost River and Bonneville floods occurred closely in time at ~22.3 and ~17.5 ka. Most dry canyons preserve substantial erosion from the earlier, smaller Big Lost River flood, explained by composite erosion involving aquifer routing and return flow.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/interaction-of-outburst-floods-with-basaltic-aquifers-on-the-snake-river-plain-implications-for-martian-canyons/135652/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/interaction-of-outburst-floods-with-basaltic-aquifers-on-the-snake-river-plain-implications-for-martian-canyons/135652.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jordan Avery","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-17","2026-08-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What dating method is used to constrain the timing of the outburst floods?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study uses cosmogenic 3He and 21Ne dating of flood-deposited boulders to estimate when the floods occurred.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do Big Lost River and Bonneville floods relate in time?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"They were closely spaced, dated to about 22.3 ka for the Big Lost River flood and about 17.5 ka for the Bonneville flood.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why do many dry canyons show stronger erosion from the earlier Big Lost River flood?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"A composite erosion model is proposed: floodwaters routed through the Snake River Plain aquifer promoted focused erosion through return flow, producing distinctive canyon morphology.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},135652,1787316704,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144},1099523882367,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: [https://www. researchgate. net/publication/270216431](https://www. researchgate. net/publication/270216431)  \nInteraction of outburst floods with basaltic aquifers on the Snake River Plain: Implications for Martian canyons  \nARTICLE in GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN · APRIL 2014 Impact Factor: 3.87 · DOI: 10. 1130/B31141.1  \nREADS 31  \n2 AUTHORS, INCLUDING:  \nWilliam Amidon  \nMiddlebury College  \n28 PUBLICATIONS 280 CITATIONS  \nSEE PROFILE  \nAll in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.  \nAvailable from: William Amidon  \nRetrieved on: 28 January 2016  \nGeological Society of America Bulletin, published online on 6 November 2014 as doi:10 . 1130/B31141 .1  \nInteraction of outburst floods with basaltic aquifers on the Snake River Plain: Implications for Martian canyons  \nWilliam H. Amidon† and Arthur C. Clark  \nGeology Department, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont 05753, USA  \nABSTRACT  \nIdaho’s Snake River Plain is underlain by a young sequence of basaltic lava flows that house one of the most conductive aquifers in the world and have been sculpted by at least three megafloods in the last ~100 k.y. The timing and routing of these floods, and their interaction with the underlying aquifer, have taken on renewed significance because they have carved amphitheater-headed dry canyons analogous to those found on Mars. In this study, we use cosmogenic 3He and 21Ne dating of flood-deposited boulders to show that the Big Lost River and Bonneville floods were closely spaced in time at ca. 22.3 and ca. 17.5 ka, respectively. Most of the dry canyons record significant erosion during the Big Lost River flood, despite its much smaller magnitude than the later Bonneville flood. We explain this puzzling observation by proposing a composite erosion model in which erosion during the Big Lost River flood was partially accomplished by routing of floodwaters through the Snake River Plain aquifer. Topographic analysis shows that Big Lost River floodwaters ponded in the Terreton Basin, infiltrated into the aquifer, and likely emerged as return flow in watersheds upstream of the dry canyons. We propose that sustained and focused erosion associated with return flow over months to years could explain the unique morphology of some dry canyons. Such a model also explains why most dry canyons are coincident with springs and surface watersheds, and it may provide a model for the way in which morphologically similar canyons evolved on Mars.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nIdaho’s Snake River Plain is a recently resurfaced basaltic landscape that provides a fresh slate to record geomorphic processes, in particu-  \n†[wamidon@middlebury.edu](wamidon@middlebury.edu).  \nGSA Bulletin;  \nlar, the incision of fluvial canyons into a basaltic substrate. Recent observations of basaltic canyons on Mars have placed renewed emphasis on linking basalt canyon morphology to mechanisms of formation such as groundwater sapping or surficial flooding (Lamb et al., 2006, 2008; Malin and Carr, 1999) . Because canyonson the Snake River Plain are influenced by oneof the most conductive aquifers in the world and have also experienced multiple outburst floods, they provide a unique setting in which to tease apart the influences of these two processes on canyon morphology. Essential to this effort isan understanding of when past outburst floods occurred on the Snake River Plain, how those floodwaters were routed, and the nature of surface flood interaction with the basaltic aquifer.  \nThis study considers how floodwater routing influenced development of four amphitheaterheaded (or more precisely “theater”-headed) canyons, which enter the Snake River from the north. Because these canyons have morphological traits commonly associated with formation by spring sapping, previous studies have focused on determining whether they were formed by spring sapping or by over","cbCaimspDKkZD96N","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimspDKkZD96N","pdf",3334381,15,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Canyon formation mechanisms (spring sapping vs mega-flood erosion)\n## Study focus: floodwater routing and canyon development","[{\"question\":\"What dating method is used to constrain the timing of the outburst floods?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses cosmogenic 3He and 21Ne dating of flood-deposited boulders to estimate when the floods occurred.\"},{\"question\":\"How do Big Lost River and Bonneville floods relate in time?\",\"answer\":\"They were closely spaced, dated to about 22.3 ka for the Big Lost River flood and about 17.5 ka for the Bonneville flood.\"},{\"question\":\"Why do many dry canyons show stronger erosion from the earlier Big Lost River flood?\",\"answer\":\"A composite erosion model is proposed: floodwaters routed through the Snake River Plain aquifer promoted focused erosion through return flow, producing distinctive canyon morphology.\"}]","Interaction of Outburst Floods with Basaltic Aquifers on the Snake River Plain - Implications for Martian Canyons | PDF",38]