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Whaley, University of Connecticut  \nApplying Response to Intervention for Secondary Students Who Struggle With Reading Comprehension | 2  \nThis project was supported in part by Grant H325H140001 from the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) . Opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the position of the U.S. Department of Education, and no official endorsement by it should be inferred.  \nThis product is public domain. Authorization to reproduce it in whole or in part is granted. Although permission to reprint this publication is not necessary, the citation should be: Bresina, B.C. , Baker, K. , Donegan, R. , & Whaley, V.M. (2018) . Practice Guide: Applying Response to Intervention for Secondary Students Who Struggle With Reading Comprehension. Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs.  \nSpring 2018  \nApplying Response to Intervention for Secondary Students Who Struggle With Reading Comprehension | 3  \nContents  \nWhat Is It? .......................................................................................... 4  \nFor Whom Is It Intended? .................................................................. 4  \nHow Does It Work? ............................................................................ 5  \nTable 1. Research Suggested RTI Framework Alterations for the Secondary Grades ................................................................. 8  \nHow Adequate Is the Research Knowledge Base?........................... 9  \nHow Practical Is It? ............................................................................ 10  \nHow Effective Is It? ............................................................................ 10  \nWhat Questions Remain?.................................................................. 11  \nWhere Can I Learn More? ................................................................. 12  \nReferences ......................................................................................... 13  \nApplying Response to Intervention for Secondary Students Who Struggle With Reading Comprehension | 4  \nWhat Is It?  \nResponse to Intervention (RTI) is a multi-level framework designed to prevent academic failure and remediate areas of deficit. It is a framework to support students for whom generally effective practices have been insufficient. Its inclusion in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA; U. S. Department of Education, 2004) identified RTI with special education eligibility determination. However, RTI can also be viewed as a framework to organize increasingly intensive instruction for students at risk for or with disabilities (D. Fuchs, Fuchs, & Stecker, 2010) .  \nTraditionally, the RTI model calls for a preventative approach where students in general education (Level 1) are screened for academic difficulty. Students identified as struggling participate in slightly more intensive Level 2 interventions that generally last a short amount of time and may include small group instruction, additional instructional blocks, or a more explicit approach to instruction. Students who respond well to the intervention return to Level 1 while students who do not respond well may receive Level 3 interventions which are more intensive than Level 2. Level  \n3 instructional sessions are typically longer or more frequent, occur over a longer period of time, are small group or one-on-one instruction, and are aligned with students’ instructional level, even if it is several years behind the student’s grade level. In both Level 2 and 3 interventions, frequent progress monitoring tracks the success of the intervention","cbCairGF1X6kGbVs","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairGF1X6kGbVs","pdf",863947,14,"English","# What Is It?\n## For Whom Is It Intended?\n## How Does It Work?\n## How Adequate Is the Research Knowledge Base?\n## How Practical Is It?\n## How Effective Is It?\n## What Questions Remain?\n## Where Can I Learn More?\n## References","[{\"question\":\"What is Response to Intervention (RTI) in this guide?\",\"answer\":\"RTI is a multi-level framework designed to prevent academic failure and provide remediation for areas of deficit. It supports students who do not benefit sufficiently from generally effective practices.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the multi-level RTI model work for struggling secondary readers?\",\"answer\":\"Students are screened in Level 1, then receive more intensive Level 2 interventions if they struggle, and Level 3 interventions if they do not respond. Frequent progress monitoring determines whether further intensification is needed.\"},{\"question\":\"Why might RTI for secondary students need adaptations from elementary models?\",\"answer\":\"Most empirical RTI research has focused on elementary grades. The guide notes that effective practices from elementary contexts should not automatically be assumed to extend to secondary grades, so adaptations may be required to meet adolescent needs.\"}]","Intensive Intervention Practice Guide: Applying Response to Intervention for Secondary Students Who Struggle With Reading Comprehension | PDF",1792057972,35]