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Results show weaker personality predictive power than intelligence for education, and modest differences for GPA and pay.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":80,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1099514067415,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539d78ffe74a7?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779092875211072502","Intelligence 92 (2022) 101631  \nContents lists available at ScienceDirect  \nIntelligence  \njournal [homepage:](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/intell)[ www.elsevier.com/locate/intell](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/intell)  \n| The claim that personality is more important than intelligence in predicting   important life outcomes has been greatly exaggerated\u003Cbr>Chen Zismana, Yoav Ganzachb, *\u003Cbr>a The Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Israel\u003Cbr>b Ariel University and the Academic College of Tel-Aviv Yaffo, Israel |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| A R T I C L E I N F O |  | A B S T R A C T |\n| Keywords:\u003Cbr>Intelligence\u003Cbr>Personality\u003Cbr>The big-five\u003Cbr>Life outcomes\u003Cbr>Educational attainment\u003Cbr>Income |  | We conduct a replication of Borghans, Golsteyn, Heckman and Humphries (PNAS, 2016) who suggested that personality is more important than intelligence in predicting important life outcomes. We focus on the prediction of educational (educational attainment, GPA) and occupational (pay) success, and analyze two of the databases that BGHH used (the NLSY79, n = 5594 and the MIDUS, n = 2240) as well as four additional databases,(the NLSY97, n = 2962, the WLS, n = 7646, the PIAAC, n = 3605 and the ADD health, n = 3553; all databases are American except of the PIAAC which is German). We found that for educational attainment the average R2 of intelligence was .232 whereas for personality it was .053. For GPA it was .229 and .024, respectively and for pay it was .080 and .040, respectively. |\n\n1. Introduction  \nResearch on individual characteristics as antecedents of important life outcomes has shifted its emphasis over the years. Early on, the main focus was on cognitive antecedents—primarily intelligence—that bring about positive life outcomes, primarily educational and occupational success (e.g. Thorndike & Hagen, 1959; Strenze, 2007. See Herrnstein & Murray, 1994, for a widely cited book in this area). Some researchers even argued that “there is not much more than g [i.e., General Mental Ability]” in predicting these outcomes (Ganzach & Patel, 2018; Olea & Ree, 1994; Ree & Earles, 1991; Ree, Earles, & Teachout, 1994). However, in recent years there has been a proliferation of research that emphasized the effects of non-cognitive—mainly personality—individual differences on life outcomes (e.g. Choi & Laschever, 2018; Duckworth et al., 2019; Duckworth & Weir, 2010; Heckman & Kautz, 2012; Judge, Higgins, Thoresen, & Barrick, 1999; Kuhnen & Melzer, 2018; Mosca & McCrory, 2016; Roberts, Kuncel, Shiner, Caspi,& Goldberg, 2007). This recent trend culminated in studies that suggested that, in predicting life-outcomes, personality is more important (i.e. has a higher predictive validity) than intelligence (Borghans, Golsteyn, Heckman, & Humphries, 2016; Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews,& Kelly, 2007; Kappe & Van Der Flier, 2012). Whereas the evidence for the superiority of personality as a predictor of life outcomes was questioned by other studies (Crede, Tynan, & Harms, 2017; Ganzach & Pazy,  \n2014; Zisman & Ganzach, 2020), questions regarding the relative predictive validity of intelligence and personality are still open questions.  \nA most important study that argued for the superiority of personality over intelligence as a predictor of important life outcomes was Borghans, Golsteyn, Heckman & Humphries (2016; hereafter BGHH). Since this study reflects the recent trend to de-emphasize the role of intelligence among economists, and because of its high visibility (it was led by Noble prize winner James Heckman and published in one of the most prestigious general science journals), in the current paper we revisit BGHH analyses and compare the predictive power of intelligence and personality, directly examining BGHH's conclusion that “Personality is generally more predictive than IQ on a variety of important life outcomes”(see the abstract of BGHH paper, p. 13354).  \nBGHH approach of comparing the predictive power of intelligence a","cbCaihXLCnxNZo0d","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihXLCnxNZo0d","pdf",461183,14,"English","# Introduction\n## Personality versus intelligence in predicting life outcomes\n## Replication approach and datasets","[{\"question\":\"What is the main goal of this paper?\",\"answer\":\"The paper replicates a prior study to test whether personality predicts important life outcomes more strongly than intelligence.\"},{\"question\":\"Which life outcomes are analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"The analysis focuses on educational outcomes (educational attainment, GPA) and occupational success measured by pay.\"},{\"question\":\"Which datasets are used in the study?\",\"answer\":\"It uses two core datasets from the original work (NLSY79 and MIDUS) and adds four more (NLSY97, WLS, ADD Health, and PIAAC).\"}]","Intelligence - Personality vs Intelligence in Predicting Life Outcomes | PDF",35]