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The study investigates whether using the DAPIC problem solving model (Define, Assess, Plan, Implement, and Communicate) combined with Realistic Mathematics Education can improve both critical thinking ability and self confidence. A controlled pretest-posttest design with 67 middle school students is applied, using valid and reliable instruments. Normality and homogeneity tests are conducted, and hypotheses are tested via parametric proportion, proportion difference, t-test, independent samples t-test, and regression. Results indicate the approach is effective for both outcomes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/integrated-between-dapic-problem-solving-model-and-rme-approach-to-enhance-critical-thinking-ability-and-self-confidence/591758/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/integrated-between-dapic-problem-solving-model-and-rme-approach-to-enhance-critical-thinking-ability-and-self-confidence/591758.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Dipper","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the study focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focuses on low critical thinking ability and insufficient self confidence among middle school students in mathematics learning.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What learning approach is used to address the problem?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The approach integrates the DAPIC problem solving model with Realistic Mathematics Education to support learning and improve the targeted abilities.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How is the effectiveness of the approach tested?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Effectiveness is examined using a controlled-group pretest-posttest design with 67 middle school students, followed by normality and homogeneity tests and hypothesis testing with multiple parametric statistical procedures.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591758,1792811382,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":41,"preview_page_count":4},1374404997633,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Anatolian Journal of Education e-ISSN: 2547-9652  \nOctober 2020 ● Vol.5, No.2 [www.e-aje.net](www.e-aje.net)[ ](www.e-aje.net)pp.73-84  \nIntegrated Between DAPIC Problem Solving Model and RME Approach to Enhance Critical Thinking Ability and Self Confidence  \nIka Putri Wulandari  \nPostgraduate Mathematic Education Department of Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, [ikhaputriwulandari@gmail.com](ikhaputriwulandari@gmail.com)  \nRochmad  \nPostgraduate Mathematic Education Department of Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, [rachmad_manden@mail.unnes.ac.id](rachmad_manden@mail.unnes.ac.id)  \nSugianto  \nPostgraduate Physics Education Department of Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, [sugianto@mail.unnes.ac.id](sugianto@mail.unnes.ac.id)  \nThe goals of learning mathematics are to develop thinking skills. But the results showed that critical thinking ability are still low and the lack of self confidence of students. Therefore we need a supportive learning, alternative learning is DAPIC (Define, Assess, Plan, Implement, and Communicate) Problem Solving with Realistic Mathematics Education approach. This study aims to find out whether the use of DAPIC Problem Solving with Realistic Mathematics Education approach was effective in critical thinking ability and self confidence. The method used is pretest and posttest of a controlled group, where 67 middle school students are used as research sample. The instrument used are valid and reliable. First stage of examination is normality and homogeneity test. Meanwhile, the hypothesis is tested by analyzing the parametrical statistic of proportion test, proportion difference test, t-test, independent sample ttest, and regression test. The result showed that DAPIC Problem Solving with Realistic Mathematics Education approach was effective in critical thinking ability and self confidence. Based on the results, DAPIC Problem Solving with Realistic Mathematics Education approach can be used as a choice to improve student learning outcomes, especially critical thinking skills and self confidence.  \nKeywords: critical thinking ability, self confidence, dapic problem solving, realistic mathematics education  \nINTRODUCTION  \nPacific Policy Research Center (2010) in United States said in the 21st century with existence of advanced technology to access, manipulate, analyse, manage, and communicate information requires critical thinking ability, while students critical thinking ability at middle school stage are still low. The learning model is also designed so that students actively develop their potensial. However, in the 21st century not only the students are required to be active during the learning process but also capable to develop their logical, analytical, systematical, critical and creative thinking so that they can analyze and communicate any information they got. Critical thinking is one of the higher order thinking skills component is the focus of 21st century learning. A survey involving fact and procedural in problem  \nCitation: Wulandari, I. P., Roshmad, & Sugianto. (2020) . Integrated Between DAPIC Problem Solving Model and RME Approach to Enhance Critical Thinking Ability and Self Confidence. Anatolian Journal of Education, 5(2), 73- .  \n84. [https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2020.526a](https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2020.526a)  \n74 Integrated Between DAPIC Problem Solving Model and …  \nsolving was brought by TIMSS (2015) to some student in 8th grade, according to the survey Indonesia placed at 44th out of 49 countries.  \nThe process of learning mathematics is more dominant used critical thinking ability so necessary to develop the think of ability to solve the problems faced. George (2017) stated children aged 12-15 years have not been able to think abstractly so learning process required the presence of concrete objects so children can construct the knowledge they have acquired.  \nResearch result from Azadi, Gholipour, & Habibollahi (2014) stated that a set of underlying cognitive ab","cbCaieJ0UWQKCywW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieJ0UWQKCywW","pdf",400584,12,"English","# INTRODUCTION\n## Learning mathematics and critical thinking needs\n## Critical thinking indicators and cognitive links\n## Self confidence and its role in learning math\n## DAPIC and RME approach overview","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the study focus on?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on low critical thinking ability and insufficient self confidence among middle school students in mathematics learning.\"},{\"question\":\"What learning approach is used to address the problem?\",\"answer\":\"The approach integrates the DAPIC problem solving model with Realistic Mathematics Education to support learning and improve the targeted abilities.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the effectiveness of the approach tested?\",\"answer\":\"Effectiveness is examined using a controlled-group pretest-posttest design with 67 middle school students, followed by normality and homogeneity tests and hypothesis testing with multiple parametric statistical procedures.\"}]","Integrated Between DAPIC Problem Solving Model and RME Approach to Enhance Critical Thinking Ability and Self Confidence | PDF",1792073146]