[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-detail-450227-en":59,"doc-seo-450227-105":81},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":60},{"doc_id":61,"user_id":62,"nickname":63,"user_avatar":64,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":66,"doc_content":67,"file_id":68,"file_url":69,"file_type":70,"file_size":71,"view_count":72,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":73,"language":74,"language_code":75,"site_id":76,"html_lang":75,"table_of_contents":77,"faqs":78,"seo_title":79,"seo_description":66,"update_tm":80,"read_time":41},450227,7971461740886,"Theodore","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Insights on the intracellular trafficking of calcifying medium in a reef-building coral","Coral biomineralization depends on how calcifying cells endocytose calcifying medium and subsequently route intracellular calcium carbonate precursors, yet the trafficking pathways remain poorly defined. This study examines the intracellular fate of calcifying medium at the growing edge of laterally extending Stylophora pistillata colonies using fluorescent probes, immunofluorescence, and confocal microscopy in living and fixed samples. Results show endocytosed medium can be directed to the Rab11-dependent endosomal recycling system, suggesting a role in biomineral formation.","communications biology Article  \nA Nature Portfolio journal  \n[https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-09275-2](https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-09275-2)  \nInsights on the intracellular trafficking of calcifying medium in a reef-building coral  \n Check for updates  \nuid phase endocytic process allowing for the internalization of  \n\n| BenoîtChatin 1,2, Marie Robert 1,2, Alexander A. Venn 1, Philippe Ganot1, Natacha Caminiti-Segonds1,Éric Tambutté 1 & Sylvie Tambutté 1  |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Biomineralization is the process by which corals build their exoskeletons, and ultimately the reef ecosystem framework. The current model of biomineralization in these animals involves the endocytosis of calcifying medium by the calcifying cells lining the exoskeleton, followed by the intracellular formation of amorphous calcium carbonate precursors. However, the intracellular trafficking pathways inside these cells are poorly described. In this study, we investigated the intracellular trafficking of calcifying medium at the growing edge of laterally extending Stylophora pistillata colonies. Using a combination of fluorescent probes and immunofluorescence, along with confocal microscopy in living and fixed samples, we observed that a portion of the endocytosed calcifying medium is directed towards the Rab11-dependent endosomal recycling system, and we suggest that this pathway can be involved in the process of biomineral formation. |  |\n| Biomineralization is the process of mineral fabrication by living organisms. Biominerals are present in all kingdoms of life, including prokaryotes1, plants2, protists3, fungi4, and a variety of metazoans5. They come in a wide diversity of compositions, shapes and functions, e.g., calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite) in vertebrate bones and teeth6,7, calcium carbonate in the form of calcite, aragonite or vaterite in mollusk shells, coral skeletons, avian eggshells or tunicate spicules8–11. Biomineral formation follows non-classical crystallization processes, which are highly controlled by mineral-producing organisms12, 13\u003Cbr>Regarding biomineral production at the global scale, coral reef ecosystems hold a primary importance and are major players of biogeochemical carbon and calcium cycles. Among the vast diversity of organisms dwelling in coral reef ecosystems, which represent ca. 25% of all marine species14, hermatypic scleractinian corals, also termed stony corals or reef-building corals, are keystone species. By constructing aragonite exoskeletons, they are the key architects ofthe three-dimensional structure of the reef 11, 15.\u003Cbr>Scleractinian corals are constituted of two tissue layers, the oral tissue facing seawater and the aboral tissue facing the exoskeleton. These tissues comprise two epithelial layers: an outer cell layer named ectoderm (or epidermis) and an inner cell layer termed endoderm (orgastrodermis) lining the gastrovascular system11 (Supplementary Fig. 1). In the past decades, research into many aspects of coral physiology has provided a comprehensive picture of the biomineralization process. The site of calcification is the extracellular Calcifying Medium (CM), lying between the skeleton and the tissues. The calcifying epithelium, also termed calicodermis, is the aboral ectoderm lining the extracellular CM. It is composed of calicoblastic cells, or calcifying cells, | and desmocytes responsible for anchoring coral tissues to the skeleton16, 17. The composition of the CM in calcium, protons and dissolved inorganic carbon, is modified compared to external seawater. Physiological and molecular approaches have shown that the calicoblastic cells are responsible for modifying the concentration of these ions through transmembrane proteins such as the calcium ATPase PMCA, the bicarbonate transporter SLC4γ or the ammonium transporter AMT1d18–21. The composition of the extracellular CM thus shows an aragonite saturation state (Ωara) that favors aragonite precipitation22. Furthermore, a complex assemblage of p","cbCaiev1IDnszY9a","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiev1IDnszY9a","pdf",2347336,3,12,"English","en",105,"# Background and significance\n## Calcifying medium and biomineralization in reef-building corals\n## Vesicle uptake via macropinocytosis and intracellular biomineralization models\n# Study objective\n# Methods and observations\n## Fluorescent probes and immunofluorescence\n## Confocal microscopy in living and fixed samples\n# Findings and implications","[{\"question\":\"What cellular process is central to coral biomineralization in this study?\",\"answer\":\"Calcifying cells endocytose the extracellular calcifying medium, after which intracellular steps contribute to precursor formation and deposition on the skeleton surface.\"},{\"question\":\"What experimental approach was used to track calcifying medium inside cells?\",\"answer\":\"The researchers used fluorescent probes and immunofluorescence with confocal microscopy on both living and fixed coral samples.\"},{\"question\":\"Which trafficking pathway was implicated for endocytosed calcifying medium?\",\"answer\":\"A portion of the endocytosed calcifying medium is directed to the Rab11-dependent endosomal recycling system, suggesting involvement in biomineral formation.\"}]","Insights on the intracellular trafficking of calcifying medium in a reef-building coral | PDF",1790732547,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"ok",{"site_id":76,"language":75,"slug":84,"title":65,"keywords":85,"description":66,"schema_data":86,"social_meta":139,"head_meta":141,"extra_data":143,"updated_unix":144},"insights-on-the-intracellular-trafficking-of-calcifying-medium-in-a-reef-building-coral","",{"@graph":87,"@context":138},[88,101,121],{"@type":89,"itemListElement":90},"BreadcrumbList",[91,95,97,99],{"item":92,"name":93,"@type":94,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":96,"name":9,"@type":94,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":98,"name":40,"@type":94,"position":72},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",{"item":100,"name":65,"@type":94,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/insights-on-the-intracellular-trafficking-of-calcifying-medium-in-a-reef-building-coral/450227/",{"url":100,"name":65,"@type":102,"image":103,"author":108,"headline":65,"publisher":110,"fileFormat":113,"inLanguage":75,"description":66,"dateModified":114,"datePublished":115,"encodingFormat":113,"isAccessibleForFree":116,"interactionStatistic":117},"DigitalDocument",{"url":104,"@type":105,"width":106,"height":107},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/insights-on-the-intracellular-trafficking-of-calcifying-medium-in-a-reef-building-coral/450227.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":63,"@type":109},"Person",{"url":92,"name":111,"@type":112},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-07","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":118,"interactionType":119,"userInteractionCount":72},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":120},"ViewAction",{"@type":122,"mainEntity":123},"FAQPage",[124,130,134],{"name":125,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":127},"What cellular process is central to coral biomineralization in this study?","Question",{"text":128,"@type":129},"Calcifying cells endocytose the extracellular calcifying medium, after which intracellular steps contribute to precursor formation and deposition on the skeleton surface.","Answer",{"name":131,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":132},"What experimental approach was used to track calcifying medium inside cells?",{"text":133,"@type":129},"The researchers used fluorescent probes and immunofluorescence with confocal microscopy on both living and fixed coral samples.",{"name":135,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":136},"Which trafficking pathway was implicated for endocytosed calcifying medium?",{"text":137,"@type":129},"A portion of the endocytosed calcifying medium is directed to the Rab11-dependent endosomal recycling system, suggesting involvement in biomineral formation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":100,"og:type":140,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":111,"og:description":66},"article",{"robots":142,"canonical":100},"index,follow",{"doc_id":61,"site_id":76},1791048550]