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Foldscope™ enables microscopic exploration beyond unaided vision, fits under-resourced contexts, and supports practical, portable education—especially during COVID-19 online and distance learning—by improving access to active learning experiences.",{"@graph":14,"@context":71},[15,34,54],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/innovations-foldscope-as-a-teaching-and-learning-tool-an-indian-perspective/595039/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":48,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":49,"interactionStatistic":50},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/innovations-foldscope-as-a-teaching-and-learning-tool-an-indian-perspective/595039.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Bulrr","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":51,"interactionType":52,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":53},"ViewAction",{"@type":55,"mainEntity":56},"FAQPage",[57,63,67],{"name":58,"@type":59,"acceptedAnswer":60},"What is Foldscope™ and what learning purpose does it serve?","Question",{"text":61,"@type":62},"Foldscope™ is a low-cost paper microscope that magnifies beyond unaided eye vision, enabling learners to explore their surroundings at a microscopic level and supporting science learning through doing.","Answer",{"name":64,"@type":59,"acceptedAnswer":65},"Why does the article argue Foldscope™ is suitable for under-resourced regions?",{"text":66,"@type":62},"It highlights that many institutions and laboratories lack physical infrastructure and accessible teaching aids; Foldscope™ is portable, inexpensive, and practical for field-based learning.",{"name":68,"@type":59,"acceptedAnswer":69},"How does the COVID-19 pandemic context relate to Foldscope™ usage?",{"text":70,"@type":62},"The article states that during COVID-19, online and distance learning increased, and Foldscope™ can further facilitate practical learning due to its portability and unique features.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":73,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":75,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":77,"site_id":7},595039,1792080323,{"code":4,"msg":80,"data":81},"success",[82,86,90,94,99,104,108,113,118,121,125],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":83,"show_sort_weight":84,"slug":85},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":87,"show_sort_weight":88,"slug":89},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":91,"show_sort_weight":92,"slug":93},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":95,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":96,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":100,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":109,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":119,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":120},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":122,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":123,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":124},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":127,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":128},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":80,"data":130},{"doc_id":77,"user_id":131,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":105,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":109,"language":138,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":78,"read_time":116},5909892115043,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Innovations  \nFoldscope™ as a Teaching and Learning Tool: An Indian Perspective  \nJasveen Dua 1 M.Sc., Ph. D and Samriti Dhawan2 M.Sc., Ph. D  \nGoswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College,  \nChandigarh, India  \n1 Associate Professor 2* Corresponding Author  \nDept. of Botany Assistant Professor  \n[jasveen.dua@ggdsd.ac.in](jasveen.dua@ggdsd.ac.in)  Dept. of Biotechnology  \n[samriti.dhawan@ggdsd.ac.in](samriti.dhawan@ggdsd.ac.in)  \nAbstract  \nScience is all about how and why. India is a land of diversity and having an equally diverse education system. In a diverse classroom, it is important for the teacher to impart knowledge in such a way that it kindles curiosity in the learner. The best way to communicate science is ‘learning by doing’. This requires great skill and apt teaching methodology especially in non-urban areas where the learning resources are scarce. In this regard there is a dire need for inexpensive, useful teaching and learning tools that can foster interest in science. This article is concerned with exploring the use and application of one such innovative tool—Foldscope™ . Foldscope™ is a low cost, paper microscope that can help to magnify beyond the ability of unaided eye and explore our surroundings at the microscopic level. It is well suited to be used as a teaching and learning aide in Under-resourced regions. During the pandemic COVID-19 online and distance mode learning has come as a savior, this frugal tool can further facilitate practical learning because of its portability and unique features.  \nKeyWords: Foldscope, Teaching-Learning Process (TLP), Teaching tool, Portable microscope, Magnetic coupler, On site foldscopy   \nIntroduction  \nIndia, a country in South-Asia, is a myriad of geographical demographics with multitude of ethnic, linguistic and cultural diversity. Its unique diversity is the strength and basis of modern India. India was once a powerhouse of knowledge and wisdom. Despite a strong heritage of intellectuals and their pioneering contribution to the world in education and other fields, the present scenario of education needs innovative changes to foster creative and critical thinking skills.  \nPresent Scenario of Education in India  \nThe model curriculum formulated by Kothari Commission as per Report of Ed. Comm, 1971(Aggarwal, 2009) set up to maintain uniformity has not yet fulfilled its objective. The present educational system in India is more of an input/output kind of model. Due to an Examinationcentric education system that promotes rote learning, students face a highly stressful environment with multifaceted competitions. A fierce battle is seen for grabbing grades focusing more on earning a degree and less on real skills.  \nThe scenario of science education is even more complex, as it has failed to inculcate creativity and innovation among learners. It is a general perception that teaching science involves huge investment and that in a developing country where resources are limited, teaching modalities need to be limited (Kremer et al., 2013) . Physical infrastructure in Indian institutions varies due to geographical and financial disparity. The conventional approach of knowledge dissemination using the chalk, talk, and walk method is practiced predominantly. Information and communications technology (ICT) teaching aides such as computers and LCD projectors are beyond the reach of many institutes and science laboratories, still a dream in remote areas.  \nIn the era of globalization, Teaching-Learning Process (TLP) needs transformation (Mohapatra et al., 2012) .The two crucial components–the teacher and learner both--are continuously evolving with the changing educational needs. TLP is directed by quality of learning rather than teaching. For in-depth understanding of scientific concepts and phenomena, engaging students in practical activities is an important part of active learning in science education  \n(Nawani & Jain, 2010) . Field-based study is critical to teaching and learnin","cbCaivhPhSHMgQsb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivhPhSHMgQsb","pdf",587598,"English","# Abstract\n# KeyWords\n# Introduction\n# Present Scenario of Education in India\n# Democratization of Science: A Govt. of India initiative","[{\"question\":\"What is Foldscope™ and what learning purpose does it serve?\",\"answer\":\"Foldscope™ is a low-cost paper microscope that magnifies beyond unaided eye vision, enabling learners to explore their surroundings at a microscopic level and supporting science learning through doing.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the article argue Foldscope™ is suitable for under-resourced regions?\",\"answer\":\"It highlights that many institutions and laboratories lack physical infrastructure and accessible teaching aids; Foldscope™ is portable, inexpensive, and practical for field-based learning.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the COVID-19 pandemic context relate to Foldscope™ usage?\",\"answer\":\"The article states that during COVID-19, online and distance learning increased, and Foldscope™ can further facilitate practical learning due to its portability and unique features.\"}]","Innovations - Foldscope™ as a Teaching and Learning Tool: An Indian Perspective | PDF"]