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IAPs are overexpressed in cancer tissues and contribute to therapeutic resistance. This mini review examines key IAP members—cIAP1, cIAP2, XIAP, Survivin, and Livin—and explains their relevance as potential therapeutic targets in bladder cancer, connecting IAP biology to disease progression and treatment resistance.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/inhibitor-of-apoptosis-proteins-as-therapeutic-targets-in-bladder-cancer/380888/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/inhibitor-of-apoptosis-proteins-as-therapeutic-targets-in-bladder-cancer/380888.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"acoobca","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why are inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) important in bladder cancer?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"IAPs suppress induction of cell death, and they are overexpressed in cancerous tissues. Their activity contributes to therapeutic resistance and tumor progression in bladder cancer.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which IAP family members are covered in the review?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The review focuses on cIAP1, cIAP2, XIAP, Survivin, and Livin and their roles as potential therapeutic targets.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How does the review connect apoptosis biology to therapeutic strategies in bladder cancer?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It describes apoptosis as a regulated cell-death program and outlines extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. It then positions targeted intervention in apoptotic signaling pathways as a potentially improved treatment option for bladder cancer.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},380888,1790812412,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":46},3985747870733,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","TYPE Mini Review  \nPUBLISHED 10 February 2023 DOI 10.3389/fonc.2023.1124600  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nBernhard Eigl,  \nBritish Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada  \nREVIEWED BY Guliz Ozgun,  \nBritish Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada  \n*CORRESPONDENCE Philipp Wolf  \n [philipp.wolf@uniklinik-freiburg.de](philipp.wolf@uniklinik-freiburg.de)  \nSPECIALTY SECTION  \nThis article was submitted to Genitourinary Oncology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Oncology  \nRECEIVED 15 December 2022  \nACCEPTED 19 January 2023  \nPUBLISHED 10 February 2023  \nCITATION  \nWolf P (2023) Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins as therapeutic targets in bladder cancer.  \nFront. Oncol. 13:1124600 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1124600  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2023 Wolf. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nInhibitor of apoptosis proteins as therapeutic targets in bladder cancer  \nPhilipp Wolf 1,2*  \n1 Department of Urology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany  \nEvasion from apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) contribute to this hallmark by suppressing the induction of cell death. IAPs were found to be overexpressed in cancerous tissues and to contribute to therapeutic resistance. The present review focuses on the IAP members cIAP1, cIAP2, XIAP, Survivin and Livin and their importance as potential therapeutic targets in bladder cancer.  \nKEYWORDS  \nbladder cancer, apoptosis, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, cIAP1, cIAP2, XIAP, Survivin, Livin  \n1 Introduction  \nBladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common cancer worldwide with approximately 573,000 new cases and more than 212,000 deaths every year (1). Non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) is treated by transurethral resection of the tumor (TURBT) and intravesical adjuvant chemotherapy or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy. Patients with muscle-invasive BC (MIBC) are treated with neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy or immunotherapy followed by radical cystectomy (RC). A bladder-sparing alternative option is the so called ‘trimodal therapy’, a regimen of maximal TRUBT followed by radiosensitizing chemotherapy and radiation. For patients with advanced or metastatic disease the median survival with standard chemotherapy is only about 13-15 months. Therefore, additional treatment options, such as immunotherapy with  \nAbbreviations: Apaf-1, apoptotic protease-activating factor 1; BAD, Bcl-2 antagonist of cell death; Bak, Bcl-2 antagonist/killer; Bax, Bcl-2 associated X protein; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2; Bcl-w, Bcl-2 like 2; Bcl-xl, B-cell lymphoma extra-large; BID, BH3 interacting domain death agonist; tBid, truncated Bid; BIM, Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death; Cyt c, cytochrome C; DAMPs, damage associated membrane patterns; DISC, deathinducing signaling complex; FADD, Fas-associated protein with death domain; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; Mcl-1, myeloid cell leukemia sequence; MOMP, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization; NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells; NOXA, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetateinduced protein 1; PUMA, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis; RIP, receptor interacting protein; Smac, second mitochondria derived activator of caspases; TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor alpha; TRAIL, Tumor Necrosis Factor Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand; TRADD, tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated death domain protein; TRAF, TNF receptor associated factor.  \nFrontiers in Oncology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org)  \ncheckpoint inhibitors, targe","cbCaiiScjbJqzgBd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiScjbJqzgBd","pdf",1400062,"English","# Introduction\n# Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins","[{\"question\":\"Why are inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) important in bladder cancer?\",\"answer\":\"IAPs suppress induction of cell death, and they are overexpressed in cancerous tissues. Their activity contributes to therapeutic resistance and tumor progression in bladder cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"Which IAP family members are covered in the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review focuses on cIAP1, cIAP2, XIAP, Survivin, and Livin and their roles as potential therapeutic targets.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the review connect apoptosis biology to therapeutic strategies in bladder cancer?\",\"answer\":\"It describes apoptosis as a regulated cell-death program and outlines extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. It then positions targeted intervention in apoptotic signaling pathways as a potentially improved treatment option for bladder cancer.\"}]","Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins as therapeutic targets in bladder cancer | PDF",1790242593]