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United States Supreme Court Case","","Informational Text Analysis Task #1 guides learners through reading an introduction to the Korematsu v. United States Supreme Court case and two opinion excerpts: the majority opinion by Justice Hugo Black and a dissenting opinion by Justice Robert Murphy. Students collect information while reading, answer comparison questions about how the opinions address the case, and then write an analytical essay. The provided background summarizes Executive Order 9066, Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34, internment, and Korematsu’s conviction and appeal.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/informational-text-analysis-task-1-korematsu-v-united-states-supreme-court-case/365143/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/informational-text-analysis-task-1-korematsu-v-united-states-supreme-court-case/365143.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Taylor Morgan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-08","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of Informational Text Analysis Task #1?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The task asks students to read the case introduction and opinion excerpts, gather information, answer comparison questions, and write an analytical essay based on those readings.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What actions did Executive Order 9066 and Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 enable?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Executive Order 9066 gave the U.S. military power to exclude Japanese-descended citizens from sensitive areas, and Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 prohibited people of Japanese ancestry from a west coast area extending from Washington State through California.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why did the majority opinion uphold Korematsu’s exclusion order?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The majority argued that wartime conditions and military fears of espionage and sabotage required segregation of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast temporarily, supported by Congress’s wartime confidence in military leaders.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},365143,1790588125,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},1099523885336,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Informational Text Analysis Task \\#1  \nIn this task you will read a brief introduction to the Korematsu v. United States Supreme Court Case. You will then analyze an excerpt of the majority opinion by Justice Hugo Black and an excerpt of the dissenting opinion by Justice Robert Murphy. As you read these texts, you will gather information and answer questions to help you compare and contrast how the two opinions address the case. At the end of the task, you will be asked to write an analytical essay.  \nIntroduction to the Korematsu v. United States Supreme Court Case  \nDuring World War II, when the United States was at war with Japan, President Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066. This order gave the U.S. military the power to exclude U.S. citizens of Japanese descent from areas of the country believed to be critical to national defense and potentially vulnerable to espionage, or spying. Using the power of Executive Order 9066, the U.S. military then issued a series of its own orders, including Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34, that banned all persons of Japanese ancestry from an area on the west coast of the United States stretching from Washington State through California.  \nThe military orders like Exclusion Order No. 34 forced Japanese Americans to leave their homes and businesses on the west coast and relocate to internment camps. All citizens of Japanese descent were expected to submit to relocation and to remain in the camps until the end of the war.  \nFred Korematsu, an American-born citizen of Japanese descent, defied Exclusion Order No. 34 and refused to leave his home in California. In 1942, Korematsu was convicted in federal court for failing to report for relocation to an internment camp. He appealed the federal court conviction and his case reached the Supreme Court in 1944.  \nThe Supreme Court, in a 6-3 majority, agreed with the earlier federal court ruling and upheld Korematsu’s conviction.  \nJustice Black wrote the opinion for the majority of the court. Justice Murphy wrote one of the three dissenting opinions.  \nThe majority opinion of the court, written by Justice Hugo Black  \nThe petitioner, an American citizen of Japanese descent, was convicted in a federal district court for remaining in   a “Military Area,” contrary to Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34   which directed that after May 9, 1942 all persons of Japanese ancestry should be excluded from that area. No question was raised as to the petitioner’s loyalty to the United States.  \nIt should be noted, to begin with, that all legal restrictions which curtail the civil rights of a single racial group are immediately suspect. That is not to say that all such restrictions are unconstitutional. It is to say that courts must subject them to the most rigid scrutiny. Pressing public necessity may sometimes justify the existence of such restrictions; racial antagonism never can.  \nExclusion Order No 34, which the petitioner knowingly and admittedly violated, was oneof a number of military orders and proclamations, all of which were substantially based upon Executive Order No. 9066. That order, issued after we were at war with Japan declared that “the successful prosecution of the war requires every possible protection against espionage1 and against sabotage2  ”  \n  we are unable to conclude that it was beyond power of Congress and the executive to exclude those of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast war area at the time they did. True, exclusion from the area in which one’s home is located is a far greater deprivation than [curfew] . Nothing short of   the gravest imminent danger to the public safety can constitutionally justify either. But exclusion from a threatened area   has a definite and close relationship to the prevention of espionage and sabotage. The military authorities, charged with the primary responsibility of defending our shores, concluded that curfew provided inadequate protection and ordered exclusion.  \nExclusion of those of Japanes","cbCaipXBBF2f3L7U","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipXBBF2f3L7U","pdf",268868,"English","# Introduction to the Korematsu v. United States Supreme Court Case\n## World War II context and Executive Order 9066\n## Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 and internment\n## Fred Korematsu’s conviction and appeal\n# Majority Opinion (Justice Hugo Black)\n## Legal standards: rigid scrutiny and suspect restrictions\n## Executive and legislative authority during wartime\n## Espionage and sabotage justification\n## Temporary exclusion of the entire group","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of Informational Text Analysis Task #1?\",\"answer\":\"The task asks students to read the case introduction and opinion excerpts, gather information, answer comparison questions, and write an analytical essay based on those readings.\"},{\"question\":\"What actions did Executive Order 9066 and Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 enable?\",\"answer\":\"Executive Order 9066 gave the U.S. military power to exclude Japanese-descended citizens from sensitive areas, and Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 prohibited people of Japanese ancestry from a west coast area extending from Washington State through California.\"},{\"question\":\"Why did the majority opinion uphold Korematsu’s exclusion order?\",\"answer\":\"The majority argued that wartime conditions and military fears of espionage and sabotage required segregation of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast temporarily, supported by Congress’s wartime confidence in military leaders.\"}]","Informational Text Analysis Task - 1 - Korematsu v. United States Supreme Court Case | PDF",1790160174]