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This systematic review evaluates the relationship between tumour grade and breast cancer-specific survival in male breast cancer patients undergoing surgery. Searches of MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and EMBASE identify randomised and observational evidence, including recurrence and survival outcomes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/influence-of-tumour-grade-on-disease-survival-in-male-breast-cancer-patients-a-systematic-review/331357/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/influence-of-tumour-grade-on-disease-survival-in-male-breast-cancer-patients-a-systematic-review/331357.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Riley","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main aim of the systematic review?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To determine the prognostic significance of tumour grade for breast cancer-specific survival in male breast cancer patients undergoing surgery.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which databases and study types were searched?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and EMBASE were searched for randomised trials and observational studies related to male neoplasms, tumour grading, recurrence, and survival.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What overall relationship was found between tumour grade and breast cancer-specific survival?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Most included studies reported a significant association between tumour grade and breast cancer-specific survival, especially for high-grade (grade III) versus low-grade (grade I) tumours.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},331357,1790154720,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},1374391975076,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253ca4ec9f6853?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1783305029341752051","Breast Cancer Research and Treatment (2024) 208:1–8  \n[https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-024-07446-z](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-024-07446-z)  \nInfluence of tumour grade on disease survival in male breast cancer patients: a systematic review  \nStephen Kinsey‑Trotman1,2,3 · Alain Nguyen3 · Suzanne Edwards4 · Adam Swalling5 · Pallave Dasari1,2 · David Walsh1,5 · Wendy V. Ingman1,2  \nReceived: 12 March 2024 / Accepted: 24 July 2024 / Published online: 2 August 2024 © The Author(s) 2024  \nAbstract  \nPurpose Histological grading of tumours is a well-established biomarker used to guide treatment in female breast cancer. However, its significance in male breast cancer remains unclear. This systematic review investigates the prognostic significance of tumour grade in relation to breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) in male breast cancer patients undergoing surgery. Methods MEDLINE, PUBMED Central and EMBASE databases were searched to identify randomised trials and observational studies related to male breast neoplasms, tumour grading, recurrence, and survival.  \nResults A total of fifteen observational type studies were included in the review. A significant association between tumour grade and BCSS was reported in a majority of studies. This association was most evident with regard to high-grade (grade III) compared to low grade (grade I) tumours, with a significant relationship in 4 out of 4 studies. For intermediate-grade II tumours an association was demonstrated in a minority of studies.  \nConclusions This study confirms an association between high-grade male breast cancers and poorer disease-specific survival, however, the significance of intermediate-grade tumours remains unclear. Further research is required to investigate the biology of male breast cancer in relation to histological grade and optimally define intermediate-grade disease.  \nKeywords Male breast cancer · Tumour grade · Survival · Prognostic biomarker  \nIntroduction  \nWhile prognostic biomarkers provide valuable information to guide optimal treatment in female breast cancer, their utility in male breast cancer is poorly defined [1–3] . One of the earliest independent prognostic indicators in female breast  \n* Wendy V. Ingman [wendy.ingman@adelaide.edu.au](wendy.ingman@adelaide.edu.au)  \n1 Discipline of Surgical Specialties, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, 28 Woodville Road DX465702, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia  \n2 Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia  \n3 Lyell McEwin Hospital, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Haydown Rd, Elizabeth Vale, SA 5112, Australia  \n4 School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia  \n5 Central Adelaide Local Health Network, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia  \ncancer is histological grade, however there are conflicting studies of its significance in male disease. Tumour grade is ahistological measure of the invasive potential of the tumour, and reflects the underlying molecular biology of the cancer and it’s immunogenicity [4] . Tumour grade is associated with cell adhesion proteins including P-cadherin, C-terminal tensin-like and claudin 4 [5, 6] and immunomodulatory proteins including Chemokine (CC-motif) ligand 2 and transforming growth factor beta [7, 8] that regulate oncogenesis, differentiation, and cell migration [9] .  \nThe current histological grading system used in both female and male breast cancer is the Nottingham Grade System [10] . Grading relies upon the sum of three epithelial cell characteristics which include the degree of structural differentiation as shown by the percentage of tubule formation, the number of mitotic nuclei, and pleomorphism indicated by the degree of nuclear irregularity. Grade I tumours are considered to have a more favourable prognosis. Grade II tumours are intermediate. Grade III tumours are more poorly differentiated and carry a worse prognosi","cbCairQnb8VR1BuO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairQnb8VR1BuO","pdf",555465,"English","# Abstract\n## Purpose\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n## Background and rationale\n## Tumour grade and Nottingham grading system\n## Prognostic evidence and confounding factors","[{\"question\":\"What is the main aim of the systematic review?\",\"answer\":\"To determine the prognostic significance of tumour grade for breast cancer-specific survival in male breast cancer patients undergoing surgery.\"},{\"question\":\"Which databases and study types were searched?\",\"answer\":\"MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and EMBASE were searched for randomised trials and observational studies related to male neoplasms, tumour grading, recurrence, and survival.\"},{\"question\":\"What overall relationship was found between tumour grade and breast cancer-specific survival?\",\"answer\":\"Most included studies reported a significant association between tumour grade and breast cancer-specific survival, especially for high-grade (grade III) versus low-grade (grade I) tumours.\"}]","Influence of tumour grade on disease survival in male breast cancer patients: a systematic review | PDF",1789992895]