[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-418403-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-418403-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","inflammatory-bowel-disease-and-mental-health-the-complex-relationship-between-gut-and-brain","Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Mental Health: The Complex Relationship Between Gut and Brain","","The study examined how inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) severity relates to mental health outcomes, including anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL), in Pakistani patients. A cross-sectional survey enrolled 400 IBD participants from clinical and community healthcare settings in Faisalabad, Dera Ismail Khan, and Karachi. Short IBD Questionnaire (SIBDQ) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) data were analyzed using correlation tests and multiple regression (SPSS v26). Results showed clinically significant anxiety or depression in 47% of participants, with worse mental health associated with greater disease severity, activity, and younger age.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/inflammatory-bowel-disease-and-mental-health-the-complex-relationship-between-gut-and-brain/418403/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/inflammatory-bowel-disease-and-mental-health-the-complex-relationship-between-gut-and-brain/418403.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"\tJames","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",8,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What was the purpose of the study regarding IBD and mental health?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To determine the association between IBD severity and mental health impact, measured by anxiety, depression, and quality of life in Pakistani patients.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How many participants were included, and what tools were used?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The study included 400 IBD patients. Anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and disease impact was assessed with the Short IBD Questionnaire (SIBDQ).",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What factors were associated with higher anxiety or depression scores?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Higher HADS scores were predicted by greater disease severity and disease activity, along with female gender, younger age, IBD type, and family history.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},418403,1790944357,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336474466412,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Review began 10/31/2025  \nReview ended 11/27/2025  \nPublished 12/03/2025  \n© Copyright 2025  \nZahid et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0. , which permits unrestricted use , distribution , and reproduction in any medium , provided the original author and source are credited.  \nDOI: 10.7759/cureus.98357  \nOpen Access Original Article  \nInflammatory Bowel Disease and Mental Health: The Complex Relationship Between Gut and Brain  \nTalal Zahid 1, 2 , Sohail Wahid 3, 2, Salman Idrees Bhutta 4, Mohamed Bashir 5, 1, Vikram Kumar 6, 7 ,  \nMohamed Abdelfattah 5, Omar Saafan 8 , Ali Javeed 7, Abdul Hadi Hasan 7, Neil Russel Dsouza 5 , Fatima Ali 9  \n1. Internal Medicine, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, PAK 2. Internal Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Cork, IRL 3. Gastroenterology, Gomal Medical College, Dera Ismail Khan, PAK 4. Gastroenterology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary Hospital NHS, Aberdeen, GBR 5. Internal Medicine, Scarborough General Hospital, Scarborough, GBR 6. Internal Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, PAK 7. Internal Medicine, York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Scarborough, GBR 8. Internal Medicine, York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals HNS Foundation Trust, Scarborough, GBR 9. General Medicine, Scarborough General Hospital, Scarborough, GBR  \nCorresponding author: Talal Zahid, [talalzahid10133@gmail.com](talalzahid10133@gmail.com)  \nAbstract  \nBackground: The study sought to determine the association between IBD severity and mental health impact as measured by anxiety, depression, and QOL in our Pakistani patients.  \nDesign and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 400 IBD patients from clinics and community healthcare centres in Faisalabad, Dera Ismail Khan, and Karachi. Data were collected using the Short IBD Questionnaire (SIBDQ) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) . Spearman correlations, chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and multiple regression analyses (SPSS v26) were performed.  \nResults: Of 400 participants, 240 (60%) were female, and most were aged 25-34 years (126, 31%) . A total of 190 (47%) scored ≥11 on the HADS, indicating clinically significant anxiety or depression. SIBDQ and HADS scores were negatively correlated (ρ = −0 .33, 95% CI −0 .40 to −0 .26, p \u003C 0 .001) . Multiple regression showed that higher HADS scores were predicted by greater disease severity (B = 0 .19, 95% CI 0 .08-0.29, p = 0 .001), female gender (B = 0 .89, 95% CI 0 .25-1.53, p = 0 .007), younger age (B = −0 .21, 95% CI −0 .37 to −0 .05, p = 0.011), disease activity (B = 0 .44, 95% CI 0 .14-0.74, p = 0 .004), IBD type (B = 0.53, 95% CI 0.16-0.90, p = 0.006), and family history (B = 0 .69, 95% CI 0 .08-1.30, p = 0 .026) . Patients with severe IBD had the highest rates of clinically significant anxiety or depression (62% vs 43% in moderate and 10% in normal ; χ²(4) = 81.9, p \u003C 0 .001) . Females and younger participants reported greater disease severity and mental health burden (p \u003C 0 .01) .  \nConclusions: Anxiety and depression are prevalent among Pakistani IBD patients, particularly in women, younger adults, and those with severe disease. These findings highlight the need for integrated gastroenterology-psychiatry care with routine mental health screening and psychosocial support to improve long-term outcomes and quality of life.  \nCategories: Psychology, Epidemiology/Public Health, Gastroenterology  \nKeywords: anxiety, depression, gut heath, inflammatory bowel disease, quality of life  \nIntroduction  \nInflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic conditions characterised by inflammation of the gut of unknown cause. They are currently mainly classified into ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn 's disease (CD), and an intermediate type [1] . IBD pathophysiology is characterised by imbalances in innate and adaptive immune responses, driven by genetic","cbCaiv4NuOeQqATg","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiv4NuOeQqATg","pdf",768378,15,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Design and Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n## IBD overview and global burden\n## Comorbid psychiatric conditions in IBD","[{\"question\":\"What was the purpose of the study regarding IBD and mental health?\",\"answer\":\"To determine the association between IBD severity and mental health impact, measured by anxiety, depression, and quality of life in Pakistani patients.\"},{\"question\":\"How many participants were included, and what tools were used?\",\"answer\":\"The study included 400 IBD patients. Anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and disease impact was assessed with the Short IBD Questionnaire (SIBDQ).\"},{\"question\":\"What factors were associated with higher anxiety or depression scores?\",\"answer\":\"Higher HADS scores were predicted by greater disease severity and disease activity, along with female gender, younger age, IBD type, and family history.\"}]","Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Mental Health: The Complex Relationship Between Gut and Brain | PDF",1790613072,38]